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Mountains in the worldview of the Nahuas of Central Mexico

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Hlúšek R.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2023
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vol. 110
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issue 4
451-477
EN
Mountains as reservoirs of water have always been an immanent and crucial part of the Mesoamerican ritual landscape. Considered living beings, mountains are an important component of the core part of the Native worldview, which is particularly observable in Central Mexico, a region dominated by the highest peaks in Mesoamerica. Long before the Spanish conquest, the Nahua people who live in the area adopted and developed the ancient Mesoamerican tradition of sacred mountains, ritual landscapes and the agrarian cycle and have preserved it to this day, despite the efforts of Spanish missionaries after the conquest. This paper deals with the position of mountains within the framework of Nahua ritualism, as it has been preserved in Nahua communities in Central Mexico. The aim is to point out their central role as the structural axis of the Nahua worldview, as places where rituals associated with rainmaking, fertility and the agrarian cycle are performed.
2
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En busca del espectáculo prehispánico nahua en fiestas y representaciones teatrales coloniales

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Brylak A.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2015
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issue 7(38)
17-34
EN
The aim of this paper is to present civil and religious festivals, as well as theatrical representations, performed in the sixteenth‑century New Spain, as examples of the convergence of elements introduced by the Spaniards and those already existing in the indigenous culture. Taking as a starting point a schematic presentation of such activities as dances, song performances, jugglers’ shows, mock battles and evangelization theater, our objective is to signal that due to the presence of certain pre‑Hispanic patrons for all these endeavors it is risky to qualify the indigenous contribution as superficial and limit it to the audiovisual elements. The issue is much more complex and the adoption of the native perspective, apart from that of the Spaniards, may reveal the profundity of the convergence of features proper to the Old and New World and help to unveil the perception and reception of the sixteenth‑century Mexican performances by its native inhabitants.
3
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Chicomexochitl y el maíz entre los nahuas de Chicontepec: la continuidad del ritual

100%
de la Cruz Cruz V.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2015
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issue 7(38)
129-147
EN
The cultivation and veneration of corn is central to all Mesoamerican cultures. Long before the Spaniards arrived indigenous people worshiped corn and pleaded for each harvest to be as good as the preceding one. Today’s Nahuas consider corn sacred and never permit it to lie on the ground: it must always be protected and sheltered. The Nahuas of Chicontepec, Veracruz continue to dance and pray to the corn deity, Chicomexochitl “Seven Flower”. This paper reveals the continuity of ritual practices and symbolism relating to the worship of maize in Nahua culture from prehispanic times to the present. It is based on the sixteenth‑century written sources, recent anthropological studies, and my own fieldwork associated with the Chicomexochitl ritual.
4
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Native Painters of a European Book. Complex origins of the pictorial content of the Primeros Memoriales

72%
Granicka K.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2015
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issue 7(38)
87-95
EN
The analysis of the pictorial content of the veintena section of Fray Bernardino de Sahagún’s Primeros Memoriales may lead to new conclusions about the artists and the process of creating these illustrations. Comparing the illustrations with the description of the festivals in the Primeros Memoriales and the Florentine Codex, identification of scenes and persons and their attributes depicted in the illustrations may also shed interesting light on the affiliation of the manuscript, whose provenance is still under discussion.
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