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Problem funkcjonowania wczesnośredniowiecznej pracowni szklarskiej w obrębie niemczańskiego kompleksu osadniczego

100%

Pankiewicz A., Siemianowska S.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2018

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vol. 66

237-260

EN

The problem of the existence of early medieval glass workshops in Silesia has been constantly discussed by various researchers for many years. Niemcza – apart from Wrocław, Opole and Obiszów – is one of the centres where such a workshop could be located. The discovery of glass jewellery within this centre argued in favour of that, as well as artefacts associated with glassmaking, referred to as crucibles with congealed glass mass, quartz splinters, icicles with a glazed coating, glass slag, fragments of pottery with glassy surface, and a small fragment of a nozzle. This paper presents the results of recent analyses of chemical composition, both of finished products and findings hypothetically related to the process of glass melting/remelting. The aim of the paper is to verify the hypothesis concerning the existence of an early glass workshop in Niemcza and to determine its character.

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REWALORYZACJA MIAST NA DOLNYM ŚLĄSKU PO 1990 ROKU ANALIZA WYBRANYCH PRZYKŁADÓW

75%

Eysymontt R.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2004

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issue 1-2

5-23

EN

The revalorisation of Lower Silesia. which after 1945 became incorporated into the range of Polish culture, involved becoming acquainted with the specificity of the local towns. The political doctrine prevailing at the time was the reason why mediaeval town centres. whose beginnings went back to Piast rule in Silesia, were the object of great interest; regions which underwent considerable transformations during the Prussian period were examined less frequently. From the early 1980s the new system of protecting the merits of the historical towns was based on the principle of delineating conservation protection zones. Nonetheless, the emergent conservation studies were not always observed, and the true impulse for the revalorisation of town-planning complexes proved to be the post-1989 self-governments, thanks to which the reconstruction of historical towns became an expression of local ambitions (Głogów, Polkowice). Upon certain occasions, conservation recommendations were surpassed by economic-political factors (the building of the Department of Law at Wrocław University). Upon certain occasions, the attachment of the local residents to empty inner-city space (Ostrów Tumski in Wrocław) proved to be an obstacle for recreating the historical shapes of towns and districts. The spaces in question were filled with monumental individual objects, which undermined the heretofore town-planning hierarchy. In the case of the small square in front of the Wrocław Poor Clare-Ursuline convent, it was decided to recreate the shape from the early nineteenth century. A totally new tendency consists of revalorisation, which signifies the recreation, by resorting to modern architectural forms, the historical line of the nineteenth-century development of town-planning interiors, almost forgotten during the inter-war period (1 Maja Square – the former Mikołajskie Przedmieście Street in Wrocław). On the other hand, the enormous disproportion between undertakings pursued in larger towns (where sometimes we encounter an outright predominance of investments over classical restrained conservation), and the absence of any sort of activity in smaller centres, such as Niemcza, remains highly disturbing. Throughout the entire post-war period, archaeological research was conducted, numerous revalorisation plans and projects were devised, and promotion material was published in great numbers, but without yielding more extensive revalorisation ventures.

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Co dalej w dyskusji nad regnum ablatum? Krótki szkic w 30. rocznicę ukazania się artykułu profesora Wacława Korty

63%

Piętkowski P.

Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka

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2020

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vol. 75

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issue 1

5-28

EN

The article present the contemporary discussion among medievalists on the conflict that occurred at the end of 10th century between Mieszko I, duke of Polans, and Boleslaus II the Pious, the ruler of Bohemia; such conflict has been mentioned by Thietmar, bishop of Merseburg, in his chronicle. The dispute centered on a territory which Thietmar enigmatically referred to as regnum ablatum.

4

Śląsk w X wieku: źle postawione zagadnienie

51%

Paszkiewicz B.

Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim

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2023

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issue 64

77-131

EN

Researchers of the Polish past often discuss Silesia in the tenth century but the entity later referred to by this name did not exist at that time while its individual parts had different runs of history. The first evidence of establishing contacts between the middle Oder basin and the Mediterranean world after the Migration Period are three Arabic coins from 770-776, bereft of notches, graffiti or other traces of circulation, found on Trzebnica Ridge (Figures 1-3). Unlike the wave of Arabic silver coinage a quarter of a century later, these coins arrived not via the ‘Northern Arch’ but from the south, via Venice. They probably mark the attempts of slavers to penetrate the Oder basin. After 950, the route from Bohemia to the mouth of the Oder river was established, leading alongside the Neisse and the Oder but it was soon disrupted by the expansion of the Milceni to the east. Behind the Milceni, however, was the power of the East Frankish Kingdom, so the Přemyslids expanded to the north-east to bypass the Neisse. The Přemyslid expansion consisted in collecting tributes from the tribes occupying the left bank of the Oder River: Zlasane, Trebouane, Pobarane and Dedosize – and in establishing permanent military outposts in Niemcza and Wrocław. The result of including the local dwellers in the trade and tributary network was the concentration of power in the tribes and the spread of silver hoarding. After the alliance between the Boleslavs of Prague and Mieszko I of Gniezno was established in c. 964, both states met on the middle Oder line and co-operated within the great trade corridor connecting Central Asia, Scandinavia and Western Europe. Political destabilization in Germany after 983 enabled Mieszko to break off the alliance, cross the Oder to the west and spread his influence along the Kaczawa to Milceni and Meissen lands, and then in 990 to drive the Czechs out of the area between Wrocław and the Sudetes. In this way, a route from Mayence to Kyïv was created, bypassing Prague, cut off the city from contacts with the mouth of the Oder River, which led to the crisis of the Czech state.

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Problem funkcjonowania wczesnośredniowiecznej pracowni szklarskiej w obrębie niemczańskiego kompleksu osadniczego

REWALORYZACJA MIAST NA DOLNYM ŚLĄSKU PO 1990 ROKU ANALIZA WYBRANYCH PRZYKŁADÓW

Co dalej w dyskusji nad regnum ablatum? Krótki szkic w 30. rocznicę ukazania się artykułu profesora Wacława Korty

Śląsk w X wieku: źle postawione zagadnienie