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EN
Introduction:Nurses experiencing a high level of anxiety have an impaired capability of coping with dangerous situations which require long-term effort.Purpose: The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between the level of anxiety, satisfaction with life, style coping with stress, and personal and environmental factors, such as: age, material status, education and place of residence of participants.Materials and methods: The study included 113 women working as nurses, employed by the hospital of Medical University of Gdansk. The methods used to gather the data were:Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by Wrześniewski et al., Scale of Satisfaction with Life by Juczyński, and The Miller Behavioural Style Scale by Miller.Results:In the group of nurses experiencing various emotional disturbances, the level of anxiety as a state exceeded the normal limits.The place of residence of study participants determined the anxiety level as a state. The general increase of the anxiety level confirmed that the perceived satisfaction with professional life decreased.Conclusions:The study showed that in case of Polish hospital nurses, personal and environmental factors such as: age, material status, education level and place of residence, have influence on response to stress factors and the choice of style coping with stress. In order to reduce professional-related stress there is the need to implement organizational changes. The nurses should receive psychological and social support in the form of care given by the co-workers, attend courses preparing them to cope with work-related stress and their own negative emotions, learn the principles of assertiveness and styles of coping with difficult situations.
EN
Introduction: Nursing profession is physically and emotionally demandingPurpose:To determine the relationship between coping strategies and resilience, as well as perceived stress among nurses.Materials and methods: The study included 173 nurses from Świętokrzyskie province. Examination material was collected using the following tools: the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (KPS), The Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP - 25), the Brief COPEResults: Among nurses emotion-focused strategies, such as: denial, self-blame and seeking emotions, positively correlated with the perceived stress. Resilience, and particularly personal skills to cope with and tolerate negative emotions, negatively correlated with the perceived stress.Conclusions:Resilience, to a lesser extent than coping strategies contributed to determination of the level of perceived stress.
EN
Purpose: To assess nurses’ perceptions about the transformational leadership applied in psychiatric hospitals and to investigate factors that influence these perceptions. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a psychiatric hospital and a psychiatric ward of a general hospital located in a city of Cyprus. A convenience sample of 95 nurses was used, while the Greek version of the « Kuopio University Hospital Transformational Leadership Scale (KUHTLS) questionnaire was used as an instrument. Results: Appreciation, decision making fairness, and individuality were the variables with the highest mean values. Women had significantly higher scores in appreciation, justice, and individuality compared to men. Nurses who were >45 years old had a significantly higher score compared to those who were 31-45 and <30 years old in the subscales decision making (p=0.005), appreciation (p=0.043), development (p=0.020), work efficiency and outcomes (p=0.030). Head and senior nurses had significantly higher scores regarding subscales decision making (p=0.003), appreciation (p=0.025), development (p=0.010), work efficiency and outcomes (p=0.004). Nurses with > 7 years of work experience, had significantly higher scores in fairness subscale compared with the nurses who had less than seven years of work experience (p=0.034). Conclusions: Nurses working in those psychiatric hospitals and ward had positive perceptions about transformational nursing leadership. Hospital administrators should facilitate training programs for nurse managers in leadership styles and their effects on job satisfaction.
EN
Introduction: Self-efficacy in nurses appears to be of great importance, and is one of the indicators of behaviour Purpose: Nurses’ self-assessment of their generalized self-efficacy in relation to their workplace. Material and methods: The study involved random sample of 570 nurses. A diagnostic survey was carried out using the standardized Generalized SelfEfficacy Scale (GSES). Results: The average value of self-efficacy amounted to 29.3±30. Among the respondents, 56.8% represented category of “high efficacy”, whereas others were of “average efficacy” (32.3%) and “low efficacy” (10.9%). The overall assessment of the nursing profession was higher in participants who presented higher values on GSES scale (R=0.12). The average general level of satisfaction in terms of 20 aspects of professional work was connected with self-efficacy which proved statistically significant. Analysis of self-efficacy score did not indicate statistically significant differences among workplaces. Conclusion: Over half of the participants represented the category of “high efficacy”. The group of nurses employed in district hospitals presented the least instances of low self-efficacy assessment. Individuals who were satisfied with their nursing professional development opportunities had a higher self-efficacy. The higher the perception of self-efficacy, the higher the workplace satisfaction. The average level of satisfaction resulting from various aspects of nursing profession depended on the perception of selfefficacy in the following areas of assessment: professional development opportunity, decisionmaking autonomy, sense of purpose at work, and, to a lesser extent, occupational safety, maintaining work-life balance, and the possibility of communicating with people.
EN
Forming action plans is expected to move people from intention to action. We hypothesized that the effects of planning interventions may depend on changes in self-efficacy beliefs. Participants (182 nurses and midwifes, 89% women, aged 19-50) were assigned to the control or the planning intervention (three planning sessions) groups and reported their self-efficacy, sweet and salty snack intake at the baseline and four months later. The results suggest that an increase of efficacy beliefs over time augmented the effects of the planning intervention and resulted in the lowest snack intake (the enhancing effect of self-efficacy). Planning intervention also prompted lower unhealthy snacking if efficacy beliefs were decreasing (the protective effect of planning). Those who have stable-high self-efficacy were able to achieve low snack intake regardless of the group assignment (the buffering effect of self-efficacy).
EN
Purpose: To determine the level of knowledge regarding cervical carcinoma risk factors and to evaluate selected health behaviours presented by nurses in primary prevention of the reproductive organ malignancies.Materials and methods: The diagnostic survey with the use of self-constructed questionnaire was applied in the study. Data was collected among 184 nurses from two provinces in Poland.Results: According to the nurses, family history of cancer was the major risk factor in cervical carcinoma. The second most frequently enumerated risk factor, determining the incidence of cervical carcinoma, was oncogenic HPV types of infections. Nurses also mentioned frequent changes of sexual partners and early sexual initiation. More than 50% of respondents (54.3%) declared family history of various types of cancer including cervical carcinoma (3.8%). The majority of nurses were sexually active (82.6%) and had one partner (79.9%). Almost all nurses (93.5%) reported they had the cytological examination done regularly and 52.7% had it during last 12 months.Conclusions: The level of nurses’ knowledge regarding predisposing factors of cervical carcinoma development is good. Behaviours declared by the majority of them, belonged to the category of pro-health behaviours, which helps in the early detection and treatment of cancer.
EN
Introduction: Continuing nursing education and the practice of newly acquired skills in clinical practice consist of increasingly important tools for improving patients’ care in today's health environment. Purpose: The purpose of this review study is to delve into the evaluation of continuing nursing education and its outcomes along with the educator’s role and obligations. Materials and Methods: A review of Greek and international literature was carried out, focusing on views regarding continuing nursing education and lifelong learning. The material of the study consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link). Results: Evaluation of continuing nursing education is an integral part of improving the quality of educational activities. This assessment designates whether nurses meet the desired learning outcomes and provides feedback on ways to improve educational experiences that ultimately improve patient care. Conclusions: The final results of continuing nursing education activities should be aimed at improving nursing professional practice, and therefore, the care provided to patients by nurses.
PL
Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie przewidywanej liczby pielęgniarek w Polsce na przestrzeni dziesięciu lat (2017-2027). W badaniu uwzględniono dopływy i odpływy z grupy pielęgniarek uprawnionych do wykonywania zawodu. W sposób iteracyjny obliczana jest przewidywana liczba zarejestrowanych pielęgniarek dla kolejnego roku w danej iteracji. W modelu wykorzystywane są dane historyczne i prognozowane zmiany z okresu od roku zerowego do roku obecnie badanego, przy uwzględnieniu niepewności prognozy. Wyniki badania umożliwiają ocenę stanu personelu pielęgniarskiego w nadchodzących latach. Przedstawiają przewidywane trendy zmian w liczbie osób uzyskujących i tracących prawo wykonywania zawodu.
EN
Public health care is one of the most important public goods for every citizen. Patients require doctors’ and most of the time nurses’ care. Shrinking number of nurses may result in worse health care in hospitals and overwork for the remaining workforce. In exceptional situations, it may lead to greater risk of patient’s death. In this paper, I try to find the future number of nurses in Poland. I compare a set of smoothing models and predict the trends of number of registered nurses, new registers, deaths and nurses gaining pension age. The forecast was made for the period between 2017 to 2027. The simulation’s results present expected situation in nurse workforce and allows for assumptions about patients’ safety.
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