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EN
It has been known for many generations that a human's freedom is strongly connected to the possibility of satisfying personal educational ambitions. According to J. Lackowski9 it should be remembered that in the contemporary world education belongs to the group of the particularly desired goods, as attaining a good education is one of the most effective ways to the achievement of a significant social position. Taking into account equalization of the young people chances in respect to their access to education and attaining knowledge, there should be considered the situation of students with special educational needs, as they require support of both teachers and pedagogues, but most of all they need support at home from their families. The surveyed group of the youth, Year Three students in lower secondary schools, characterise a lot of variation. There are observed some disproportions between the cities, although they are not significant. Much more significant problem comprises territorial variation within the cities, which is clearly observed. However, it cannot be explicitly concluded that lessened educational chances of the youth are directly linked to the student's place of origins or living. Both local educational policy and schools as the place where this policy is being implemented play a huge role in the process of equalization of chances. Very important are the opportunities offered by educational programmes, teachers' attitudes, as well as financial resources of a particular school. The highest number of problems regarding the adequate satisfaction of educational needs of young people is connected with organizational and material barriers within this field.
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W artykule poruszono zagadnienie warunków szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce. Przeanalizowano kondycję sektora, określono czynniki determinujące jego funkcjonowanie i wskazano ewentualne kierunki jego zmian. Tekst zawiera kompleksową diagnozę sektora szkolnictwa wyższego, porównania międzynarodowe oraz odniesienia do prognoz demograficznych w Polsce. Analiza wskazuje, że najbliższe lata będą bardzo trudne dla szkolnictwo wyższe z powodu nałożenia się szeregu niekorzystnych zjawisk. Podkreślono, iż promocja różnych form kształcenia ustawicznego i rozwoju kwalifikacji zawodowych, jak również oferta w celu zwiększenia liczby studentów zagranicznych, powinny być integralną część działalności polskich szkół, nie zapominając o innych działaniach tj. zwiększanie jakości kształcenia, dywersyfikacja i elastyczność form działalności badawczej instytucji.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the higher education conditions in Poland as well as to determine factors affecting its functioning and to indicate directions of its changes. The text includes comprehensive characteristics of the higher education, international comparisons as well as references to demographic forecasts. The analysis indicates that the next years will be very difficult for higher education due to an overlap of unfavourable phenomena. Promotion of different continuing education forms and professional qualification developing as well as activity to increase number of foreign students should be an integral part of the activity of Polish high schools. Such activities as increasing education quality, diversification and flexibility of activity forms of research institutions as well as promotion of education should be considered. (original abstract)
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