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EN
The paper deals with twenty-two economic and forest maps which were created for the Plzen branch. Using them we can get an idea about the Plzen demesne from the late 18th century till the mid-19th century; at that time no significant changes in land ownership of the town occurred. The set includes manuscript and coloured maps with German keys. Oftentimes they are in italics. We can distinguish two main topic-based groups. The first larger unit comprises maps created by the forester and the town surveyor Frantisek Emanuel Recht (MP 583/1-11 and probably MP 616) which were created during the 1820s. Their main purpose was to depict the ploughed territory, i.e. town plots adjoining private plots which were illegally used by owners of the private plots. This illegal occupation often applied to town forests the edges of which would be turned into fields or meadows. The second group comprises maps which were created while forester Frantisek Erazim Ullmann (MP 50, 52, 695, 857 and 865) was in office. They were created at the turn of the 19th century and were used in the process of forest systemization. Unlike Recht's maps, this group survived whole and shows all forests in the demesne. Other maps were used for example for planning of roads (MP 9, 59, 842) or were included in a larger map set (MP 138). Map MP 677 is an exception, since it is the only one which shows the whole Plzen demesne with all forests and villages as they appeared in 1842. The map set could become a very valuable source of information about the development of forest and agricultural units in Plzen demesne during the monitored period. We can find lots of village and place names some of which have been used till now. And last but not least, these maps can be used as an interesting insight into the property and legal relations at that time.
EN
Designed landscapes were more or less a clear demonstration of status, power and entitlement in all time periods: in their relationship to the audience as well as the landscape itself. In this elementary framework, a medieval castle is a good analogy, visually commanding a landscape and embodying the political and military potential, or a baroque castle complex with extensive gardens, expressing the social status of its owner and his place in the contemporary hierarchy. The design of the landscape – adaptation of natural elements and (primarily) its cultivation and combination with architecture – can be generally regarded as a status symbol. It is evident that the interplay of the ideal and reality affected also a contemporary vedute (views / prospects) of towns, manor houses with designed micro-worlds of manorial gardens, as well as cultural landscapes. Depictions of individual types of environments, landscape frameworks and landscape compositions were based on general idealized models of environments, into which painters and engravers inserted real panoramata of towns and villages as well as other structures (such as castles and chateaux, manor houses and whatever else might interest the public), and did so with greater or lesser degree of adaptation or, if we prefer, invention. This study presents fundamental characteristics of the given genre on selected examples from Bohemia around the year 1700 (pictorial maps, manuscript and printed prospects of cultural landscape with architecure).
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Geografické informační systémy v práci historika

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EN
This article defines GIS applications; it summarises their genesis and the history of their use; it describes their application especially in the humanities with an emphasis on historical disciplines. Examples of seminal HIS-GIS systems created abroad are given and scientific platforms where these outputs are presented are mentioned. It introduces in more detail the new Czech web map portal of the Historical Town Atlas of the Czech Republic created on the GIS principle in 2010. In connection with GIS issues, the author draws attention to a number of web map servers and web map portals available to the historian to utilise in his work. Old maps are often part of these portals. The process of digitalisation is closely linked with old maps in an internet environment and the author summarises this and describes various stages of the subsequent processes dealing with digitalised maps.
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63%
EN
The study surveys the current state of Czech research in historical landscape across academic disciplines in the early modern period in the Czech lands (16th to 18th century). It notes the most important lists and editions of cartographic and iconographic material as well as periodicals and monographs, which are devoted to the study of individual sources. It also mentions research into historical landscape in the focused period and also on-going projects.
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