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THE ARCHITECTURE OF WOODEN ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN 19TH CENTURY LATGALE (Pareizticigo koka baznicu arhitektura Latgale 19. gadsimta)

100%

Bistere A.

Makslas Vesture un Teorija

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2004

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vol. 2

29-38

EN

Wooden Orthodox churches, built in Latgale during the 19th century, combine both ethnographic building traditions such as horizontal beam structures and other traditionally Latvian means of construction with influences of Russian church architecture. This is especially evident in the architectonic layout of buildings, the decorative finish of facades, and the architecturally plastic design of towers as well as in the spatial arrangement of interiors, especially iconostases. We should also remember the features of the architectural styles predominant in 19th century Latvia. These are particularly pronounced in the Neo-Classicism influenced architectonic solution of the Skeltova Church; other churches feature eclectic combinations of forms representing different architectural styles. Wooden Orthodox churches in 19th century Latgale have mostly a prolonged type of planning. The belfry, narthex and catholicon are most commonly completed by an apse at the eastern end and placed on a longitudinal axis. There are exceptions; the Skeltova Church and the Alexander Nevsky Church in Daugavpils feature central square-type planning. On the other hand, the layout of the Tilza Church was influenced by the fact that the building had previously been used as a school prior to its adaptation for the needs of a church. Three types of spatial layout can be distinguished in the exteriors of Latgale's wooden Orthodox churches. The first type is represented by the Skeltova and Daugavpils Alexander Nevsky churches, which feature central planning; this resulted in a square layout covered by a dome in Skeltova but by a four-pitched roof with small towers in Daugavpils. The Orthodox churches in Goliseva, Pudinava and Vjortulova, chronologically later than the Skeltova Church, feature a rectangular layout with a prolonged catholicon covered by an octagonal structure making up about 1/5 of the building's height.

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KRISTOLÓGIA VO SVETLE VYBRANÝCH KATECHIZMOV VÝCHODU A ZÁPADU

88%

Haraj I.

Slavica Slovaca

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2016

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vol. 51

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issue 2

103 -117

EN

The first major schism in Christianity represents the separation of the Oriental Orthodox Churches from the rest of the Church. Political tensions between the Byzantine Empire and the separatist provinces and also cultural and linguistic differences contributed to the Christological controversies in the 5th century AD. Today the both parties recognise, that their Christology is orthodox, it is only expressed by different theological formulations and terms. The common theological assumption was confirmed by analysis of selected Oriental, Eastern Orthodox and Catholic catechisms. Doctrine of the Oriental catechisms is made available in Slovakia for the first time.

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ARCHITECTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES DESIGNED BY JANIS FRIDRIHS BAUMANIS FOR URBAN AREAS (Jana Fridriha Baumana pilsetam projekteto pareizticigo baznicu arhitektoniska veidola attistiba)

75%

Bistere A.

Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei

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2007

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vol. 6

137-150

EN

Janis Fridrihs Baumanis (1834-1891) was the first professional Latvian architect with academic training and one of the most renowned masters in the history of Latvian architecture. His professional activities are most related to Riga and its boulevards after the removal of Riga fortifications in 1857-1863, but Baumanis was a noted public and cultural figure as well; from 1870 to 1880 he combined private practice with the architect's position at Vidzeme (Livonia) Province Board. This period features his designs of Orthodox churches in Vidzeme and southern part of Estonia that was part of Vidzeme Province at that time. 17 Orthodox churches built by Baumanis in Vidzeme Province during the 1870s are based on a certain pattern as a source of variations. Valmiera St. Sergius Radonezhsky Orthodox Church (1878) is an example of bringing these architectonic principles into town environment. Baumanis' church projects feature a cross-shaped planning. Rubble and red brick are used as building materials. A belfry stands over the building entrance; a huge dome is placed at the centre of the church with four smaller cupolas on the corners of the building. Windows have semicircular endings but entrance doors are rectangular. Bauska Orthodox Church (1881) follows the principles commenced in Valmiera, both chronologically and architectonically. Its planning is very close to that of Valmiera. Bauska church exterior consists of more delicate forms, rubble is replaced by white plastered bands altering with parts made of red brick

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1 Makslas Vesture un Teorija

1 Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei

1 Slavica Slovaca

1 2016

1 2007

1 2004

2 Bistere A.

1 Haraj I.

THE ARCHITECTURE OF WOODEN ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN 19TH CENTURY LATGALE (Pareizticigo koka baznicu arhitektura Latgale 19. gadsimta)

KRISTOLÓGIA VO SVETLE VYBRANÝCH KATECHIZMOV VÝCHODU A ZÁPADU

ARCHITECTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES DESIGNED BY JANIS FRIDRIHS BAUMANIS FOR URBAN AREAS (Jana Fridriha Baumana pilsetam projekteto pareizticigo baznicu arhitektoniska veidola attistiba)