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Consumer Protection as a Premise to Build Trust in the Financial Service Market

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Szustak G.
Journal of Economics and Management
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2014
|
vol. 16
113-133
EN
Consumers are very important participant of the financial market, generating high demand for its products and services. However, as non-professional clients, they require a special legal protection, securing their interests in contractual relations with financial institutions. The European Commission, as well as the national legislation of the Member States of the European Union seek to provide it for consumers, although it manages to varying degrees of success. The EU has no regulations, which for example might oblige member states to establish institutions of insured protection. Changes are also required when it comes to the protection of clients of failed investment companies, also in Poland, especially the amount of cover and the date of compensation payment. In Poland, there is a lack of a comprehensive law, aimed at the problem of inaccurate advertisement, misleading the customers. Conclusion of a fragmentary legislation in a number of different legal acts, certainly does not promote the elimination of unfair behavior of advertisers. Finally, there is too many 'abusive clauses' in contracts concluded with consumers, acting to their detriment. The aim of the study is to present the key elements of the consumer protection system, combined with the indication of the EU and the Polish legal basis, regulating the related issues and arising in connection with system operations the dilemmas. The individual client's protection system includes: guarantee schemes protecting customers of failed financial institutions; activities to eliminate information asymmetry, manifested by an increase in information obligations of financial institutions for their clients; prohibition of the use in contracts concluded with consumers prohibited contractual provisions, called "abusive clauses" by the professional side of the transaction; non-judicial institutions which settles disputes between clients and financial institutions, protection of personal data. The paper remains narrative and draws on the conceptual analysis of the current state of affairs supported by deduction and induction as core methodology (original abstract)
2
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Ochrona konsumentów korzystających z usług bankowości elektronicznej - na przykładzie ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród osób pracujących i/lub studiujących w Łodzi

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Staszczyk M.
Bezpieczny Bank
|
2016
|
issue 1 (62)
149-164
PL
Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie kwestii ochrony najsłabszych uczestników e-bankowości - konsumentów. W tej dziedzinie często istnieje konflikt interesów między uczestnikami, tj. użytkownikami, wydawcami i akceptantami instrumentów elektronicznych. Artykuł powstał w wyniku analizy ankiety przeprowadzonej w 2013 r. Ma na celu ukazanie na podstawie badania ankietowego poziomu ochrony oraz świadomości konsumenta bankowości elektronicznej. Weryfikuje również hipotezę, że rodzaj grupy społecznej ma wpływ na bezpieczeństwo e-bankowości.
EN
The subject of this paper is to present the issue of the protection of the weakest participants in e-banking - consumers. In this area, there is often a conflict of interest between participants, i.e. users, publishers, merchants and electronic instruments. The work is the result of an analysis of a survey conducted in 2013. The work aims to show, on the basis of a survey, the level of protection and consumer awareness of electronic banking. The work also reviews the hypothesis that the type of social group has an impact on the security of e-banking.
3
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Z problematyki ochrony praw konsumenta na rynki energii elektrycznej

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Czarnecka M.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 200
33-47
EN
Today, electricity is an important factor which ensure socio-economic development and improving the quality of society's life. It's hard to imagine the functioning households without electricity. The individual consumer, as the recipient of consuming electricity in the household must be treated in a special way and must be protected by law. We can see a trend occurring in all countries of the European Union to create instruments to protect individual customers. Energy law uses the new concept recipient acquiring power in the household. The new regulation of the Energy Law creates special protection of consumer rights. It introduces rules: concerning termination of contracts, the disclosure requirements of entrepreneurs energy and the specific rules for dealing with complaints. The legislature in order to protect the consumer has introduced the document constituting a compendium of knowledge about these powers - Collection of Consumer Rights. The energy market is unique, many of the concepts contained in consumer contracts - recipients have a technical nature, so was therefore necessary legislative interference in the consumer's rights.
4
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Nowe zagrożenia dla konsumentów wynikające z rozwoju FinTech

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Butor-Keler A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2019
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vol. 379
31-45
PL
W artykule podjęto problematykę dynamicznego rozwoju FinTech, rozumianego jako innowacje w usługach finansowych oparte na nowoczesnych technologiach. Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na zagrożenia dla interesów konsumentów wynikające z przemian w tym obszarze, będące w szczególności rezultatem niedostatecznej regulacji, ryzyka wykluczenia cyfrowego, asymetrii informacyjnej, zagrożeń dla prywatności i cyberprzestępczości. Zostały one ocenione na tle najbardziej charakterystycznych przejawów rozwoju FinTech. Przedmiotem analizy były także próby regulacji sektora FinTech w Polsce i na szczeblu Unii Europejskiej. W tym celu dokonano analizy najnowszego ustawodawstwa.
EN
The article discusses dynamic development of FinTech, understood as innovations in financial services based on modern technologies. The aim of the article is to present the threats to consumers’ interests resulting from changes in this area, which are in particular the result of insufficient regulation, risk of digital exclusion, information asymmetry, threats to privacy and cybercrime. They have been evaluated on the background of the most characteristic manifestations of FinTech development. The subject of the analysis was also attempts to regulate the FinTech sector in Poland and at the level of the European Union. For this purpose, the latest legislation has been analyzed.
5

Determinanty rozwoju rynku pożyczek pozabankowych w Polsce - perspektywa ekonomiczna, regulacyjna, technologiczna i socjologiczna

100%
Jakubowska-Branicka I., Walczak B., Waliszewski K.
Ekonomista
|
2020
|
issue 5
717-739
PL
Opierając się na badaniach wtórnych i pierwotnych dokonano charakterystyki determinant rozwoju rynku pożyczek pozabankowych w Polsce z perspektywy ekonomicznej, regulacyjnej, technologicznej i socjologicznej. Determinanty te wpływają na zmianę modelu instytucji pożyczkowej z uwzględnieniem średniej kwoty pożyczki, kanału dystrybucji i profilu finalnego nabywcy. Od 2015 r. sektor pożyczkowy w Polsce, początkowo zupełnie nieuregulowany systemem prawnym, jest obecnie prawnie uregulowany przepisami w znacznym stopniu ograniczającymi początkowo stosowane lichwiarskie praktyki, a także jest poddany nadzorowi ze strony Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego, która od 2017 r. prowadzi publiczny rejestr instytucji pożyczkowych. Klienci zaciągający pożyczki pozabankowe są wykluczeni kaskadowo, a ich zadłużenie pożyczkowe wynika najczęściej z przymusu ekonomicznego. Zapowiedziane zaostrzenie przepisów antylichwiarskich może doprowadzić do całkowitego zaniku tego sektora, przez to obecni jego klienci będą zmuszeni skorzystać z oferty pożyczek w szarej strefie (podziemiu pożyczkowym), gdzie nie obowiązują żadne przepisy prawne i reguły.
EN
Based on secondary and primary research, the determinants of the development of the non-bank loan market in Poland were characterized from an economic and sociological perspective. These determinants influence the change of the lending institution model, taking into account the average loan amount, distribution channel and final buyer profile. From 2015, the loan sector, which was initially completely unregulated by the legal system, is currently legally regulated by provisions that significantly restrict usury practices initially used, and is also supervised by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, which has kept a public register of loan institutions since 2017. Clients taking out non-bank loans are cascaded excluded, and their loan debt is usually due to economic constraint. The announced tightening of anti-usury laws may lead to the complete disappearance of this sector, which means that its current customers will be forced to take advantage of the loan offer in the gray area (loan underground), where no legal regulations or rules apply.
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