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Influence of the strength of the ankle plantar flexors on dynamic balance in 55-65-year-old women

100%
Esparza Montero M. Á.
Atena Journal of Public Health
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2021
|
vol. 3
3-3
ES
Objetivos: La pérdida de fuerza de los flexores plantares del tobillo relacionada con el envejecimiento puede limitar el rendimiento de equilibrio en las actividades funcionales de la vida diaria en adultos mayores. El déficit de fuerza de esta musculatura y un inadecuado equilibrio dinámico han sido correlacionados con un incremento del riesgo de caídas en los adultos mayores. Por tanto, el principal objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la asociación entre la fuerza de los flexores plantares y el equilibrio dinámico en mujeres mayores. Métodos: Un total de 79 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre 55 y 65 años participaron en el presente estudio. Los sujetos participaban en un programa sistemático de ejercicio físico en un centro de fitness privado de la Región de Murcia durante el curso 2019. Un estudio transversal correlacional fue diseñado para correlacionar el equilibrio dinámico valorado mediante los tests Y-balance Test (YB) y Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) con la fuerza de los flexores plantares del tobillo, medida mediante el test Calf-raise (CR). Una prueba de Wilcoxon se llevó a cabo para evaluar las diferencias entre los valores de los lados dominante y no dominante en el test de equilibrio Y-Balance test. Un análisis de correlación de Spearman fue aplicado para observar si la fuerza de los flexores plantares del tobillo se asociaba con los dos tests de equilibrio dinámico. Resultados: Una correlación “pequeña” significativa entre la fuerza de los flexores plantares del tobillo y el equilibrio dinámico Y-Balance postero-lateral (p = 0,023; r = 0,256) fue encontrada en los sujetos del presente estudio de investigación. Conclusiones: El principal hallazgo del presente estudio fue que las mujeres de 55-65 años precisan entrenar la fuerza de los flexores plantares del tobillo para mejorar el equilibrio dinámico unipodal y minimizar el posible riesgo de caída.
EN
Objectives: The loss of strength of the plantar flexors of the ankle associated with aging may limit the performance of balance in the functional activities of daily life in older adults. The deficit of strength of this musculature and an inadequate dynamic balance have been correlated with an increased risk of falls in older adults. Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to analyse the association between the strength of the plantar flexors and the dynamic balance in older women. Methods: A total of 79 older women, between the ages of 55 and 65, participated in the present study. Subjects participated in a systematic program of physical exercise in a private fitness center of the Region of Murcia during the year 2019. A cross-sectional correlational study was designed to correlate the dynamic balance, assessed with the Y-balance Test (YB) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), with the strength of the ankle plantar flexors, assessed with the Calf-raise test (CR). A Wilcoxon test was carried out to evaluate the differences between the values of the dominant and non-dominant sides in the balance test Y-Balance test. A Spearman correlation analysis was applied to observe if the strength of the plantar flexors of the ankle was associated with the two tests of dynamic balance. Findings: A significant "small" correlation between the strength of the plantar flexors of the ankle and the postero-lateral dynamic balance "Y-Balance" (p = 0.023, r = 0.256) was found in the subjects of the present study. Conclusions: The main finding of the present study was that 55-65-year-old women need to train the strength of the plantar flexors of the ankle to improve the unipodal dynamic balance and minimize the possible risk of falling.
2
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Developing efficient foreign language classroom environment for older adult learners

88%
Słowik-Krogulec A.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2019
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vol. 10
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issue 2
189-200
EN
Aim: The aim of the research is to present which elements related to teaching English to older adult learners have the greatest influence on creating a propitious and friendly learning environment. In order to achieve this firstly, I wish to present older adults’ observations regarding problems encountered in the classroom environment related to the lack of teaching materials, mixed age and ability groups or being discriminated against by fellow students and teachers. Secondly, I would like to propose some solutions to improve the efficiency of both students and teachers in the classroom environment. Methods: The subjects of the study were 40 older adult learners of English who attended the classes at the University of the Third Age in Wrocław. In the study the participants were asked to choose the answers which, according to them, have the greatest influence on their learning the foreign language in later life. The participants also wrote additional comments that explained their choices. The analysis was qualitative in nature. Results: The analysis shows that teachers (n=35) and teaching materials (n=31) are considered to be the two most important factors in learning a language in later life. The third most vital factor in creating a good classroom environment is related to other students (n=17). The subjects’ comments, however, point to numerous problems encountered in the aforementioned areas that affect the process of foreign language learning in later life. Conclusions: Older adult learners’ needs, abilities and learning preferences should be taken into account while designing language courses as, according to the subjects of the study, at present it is not the case. Moreover, there should be more awareness on behalf of the teachers as to the age-related changes that make certain tasks difficult and the learning environment unnecessarily hostile.
3
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Sexual intercourse and sleep in older age: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

88%
Grabovac I., Pizzol D., McDermott D. T., Swami V., Ilie P. C., Forwood S., Yang L.
Atena Journal of Public Health
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2021
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vol. 3
EN
Objectives: To investigate associations between sexual intercourse and sleep quality and duration, controlling for a range of confounders, in a large, representative sample of older English adults. Methods: Data were from 2,743 men and 2,990 women aged ? 50 years, participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Participants reported whether or not they had engaged in sexual activity in the last year, and those who were sexually active reported frequency of intercourse in the past month. Information on sleep disturbance and duration and socio-demographic and health-related covariates was also collected. Findings: Being sexually active was not associated with sleep disturbance or sleep duration. Men who had less frequent intercourse reported greater sleep disturbance than those who reported no sexual intercourse (OR=1.29, 95% CI 1.02-1.65), but had lower odds of reporting longer than optimal sleep duration (OR=0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.86). Men who engaged in sexual intercourse once a week or more (OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.23-0.80) also had lower odds of long sleep relative to those who reported no sexual intercourse. Women who engaged in more frequent (? once a week) intercourse reported less sleep disturbance than those who reported no sexual intercourse in the last month (OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.86), and women who reported sexual intercourse once in the past month had lower odds of long sleep (OR=0.51, 95% CI 0.26-0.996). Conclusions: In a population-based sample of older men and women in England, there was inconsistent evidence of an association between sexual activity and sleep disturbance and sleep duration.
4
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We Must Protect Children but Also Their Grandparents: A Qualitative Understanding of Older Adults’ General Perceptions and Understanding of Social Networks

75%
Tkáčová H., Gadušová Z., Sotirofski K., Yusupova M.
Journal of Education Culture and Society
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2023
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vol. 14
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issue 2
297-316
EN
Aim. Research on older adults (≥ 60) repeatedly confirms that the use of social networks has a rather positive effect on these users. The indicated trend leads us to the research of older adults with a focus on their motivations and challenges when using social networking sites. Methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-four older adults in Slovakia. The aim was to uncover the deeper processes and details that the members of the selected sample experience when using social networks. Results. The thematic analysis revealed a disproportion between low knowledge of social networks and willingness to use them in theresearch sample (Q1). While older adults rated their knowledge of social networks with a school grade of 4, they do not see this as an obstacle to their increasingly frequent use of social networks. Within the second research area (Q2), a set of seven motivations derived from the use of social networks among respondents were identified. Finally, four main challenges (Q3) were identified in the research. Conclusion. Research findings confirms not only older adults’ growing interest in using social networks, but also the need for adequate media education with a focus on ‘digital citizenship’, which emphasises both, skills and also knowledge. Cognitive value. When using social networks among older adults, their family members are the driving force behind respondents’ understanding (knowledge) and technological progress (practical skills). There is the necessity of advancement of digital competencies of older adults.
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