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Vox Patrum
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2010
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vol. 55
617-628
EN
L’analyse de la nature et de la structure de la prière dans le traité De oratione d’Origène (vers 234), présentée dans cet article, démontre que cette oeuvre peut être considérée comme une synthèse de théorie de la prière, mais qu’elle n’est pas une conception définitive et précise de celle-ci. En suivant fidèlement l’enseignement de saint Paul (1Tm 2, 1), Origène distingue quatre genres de prière: supplication, action de grâce, imploration du pardon et louange; mais en même temps il est convaincu qu’en pratique ils ne doivent être séparés, car ils forment un act intégrale de la prière. Par exemple, l’imploration du pardon pour lui ne peut constituer à elle seule une prière autonome, mais doit être une condition nécessaire de préparation à chaque prière. De même, Origène considère l’adoration de Dieu comme un élément indispensable de chaque prière. La conception d’Origène a été reprise en Occident au Ve siècle par Jean Cassien et elle est devenue une base pour le développement postérieur de la théologie de la prière.
Vox Patrum
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2010
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vol. 55
171-182
EN
Origen (about 185-254 AD) , an outstanding theologian and scholar who, after being banned from Alexandria, set up didaskaleion in Palestinian Caesarea. This term concerns not only the early Christian educational institution with a particular teaching and upbringing conception, but also the pointed by Adamantios thought stream. At his early educational stage Origen organised logic and dialectics classes. Next he lectured sciences, mainly mathematical ones. One important element of studies in didaskaleion was teaching ethics, based on the following four virtues: justice, prudence, moderation and courage. The scholar intended not so much to share theoretical knowledge about the quoted virtues but to help students shape their life policy based on them. The main subject touched upon by Adamantios was theology preceded by philosophy lectures. The echoes of the thought stream created in Origen’s School, in spite of the Scholar himself being condemned centuries later, have gone deeply into the ecclesial science and have borne fruit till today.
Verbum Vitae
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2005
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vol. 7
187-200
PL
The author explains Origen's unusually original concept of the Word of God. From various texts by Origen, it is apparent that he understood the Words of Scripture as one of the two forms of the incarnation of the Divine Logos. The eternal Word at a particular moment of Divine activity became a person, and throughout the annals of salvation history became the word of the Bible which through Him confronts every person.
Verbum Vitae
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2003
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vol. 4
213-226
PL
La polémique avec les Juifs au sujet de la signification de la circoncision est l’un des motifs les plus importants de l’interprétation d’Origène sur l’alliance d’Abraham. Origène prouve qu’i l n’est pas possible de comprendre la circoncision au sens corporel. Dans son argumentation il se réfère à la typologie de Paul, voyant dans les événements de l’Ancien Testament l’annonce des événements du Nouveau Testament, mais il ne développe pas ce genre de typologie. On peut même constater qu’il évite radicalement des discussions détaillées quelle que soient, en pouvant rendre concrète cette typologie. Cette concision contraste nettement avec la prédilection pour l'interprétation spirituelle. Là, Origène approche des mentions de l’Ancien Testament sur la circoncision de la bouche, des oreilles, du coeur et il interprète en détail chacune d’elles en tant qu’un appel vers la perfection. En plus il déploie cette image sur tous les membres du corps, en attribuant à chacun d’eux une signification spirituelle. En conséquence de cette orientaton chez Origène la typologie: l’alliance-le baptême soit l’alliaince-l'Eucharistie n’apparaît pas. La matière - les signes de l’alliance n’annonçaient pas de signes materiels de sacrements. Surtout l’association de la circoncision avec le baptême serait entièrement opposée a la logique de son raisonnement. Dès qu’il souligne vivement que le signe corporel de la circoncision doit être saisi dans la perspective spirituelle, il ne peut pas désigner le baptême. Pourtant le baptême est aussi le signe matériel. Telle juxtaposition reduirait alors l’Eglise au même niveau sur lequelles Juifs demeurent, cependant l’Eglise n’est pas une simple continuation de la nation juive: les Juifs saisissaient Dieu d’une façon corporelle et les chrétiens, en revanche, - d’une façon spirituelle. L’accent mis sur «la vieillesse» et non sur la perfection d’Abraham est l’élément suivant, mais de deuxième ordre, qui éloigne l’alliance de l’interpretation d’Origène du baptême. L’alliance avec Abraham annonce alors une perfection définitive, une pleine union avec le Christ.
PL
Artykuł rozważa możliwość i warunki zaistnienia architektury i przestrzeni inkluzywnej, reinterpretując i „uprzestrzenniając” idee powszechnego zbawienia (Orygenes) oraz punktu Omega (Theilard de Chardin, w interpretacji Paolo Solierego). Powołując się na chrześcijański „problem piekła” jako przestrzeni z definicji ekskluzywnej, artykuł konstruuje model architektury, która ów ekskluzywizm przezwycięża. Artykuł przywołuje przykłady zrealizowanych obiektów oraz elementy postmodernistycznych teorii architektonicznych, by pokazać możliwość dalszego rozwoju architektury poza obecnie obowiązujący paradygmat autonomicznego obiektu o zdefiniowanych funkcjach.
EN
Article considers the possibility and conditions for the occurrence of inclusive architecture and space, re-interpreting and 'spatialising' ideas of universal salvation (Origen) and the Omega point (Teilhardde Chardin, in the interpretation of Paolo Solieri). Referring to the Christian 'problem of hell', as a zone of exclusion the article constructs a model of architecture that overcomes this exclusivity. Article uses examples of buildings and elements of postmodernist architectural theory to show the possibility of further development of architecture beyond the current paradigm of autonomous object.
EN
Origen attempts to interpret the biblical texts about the creation. The crucial words for him are those saying that God created man in His own image. The creation of man in God's own image guarantees him involvement in God. A rational being, even in all contingency of its being, regardless of its limitations (particularly resulting from sin) is allowed to divinity and can develop in it by reason of Jesus Christ. Rational beings may become gods, of whom Psalm 82 says (Ps 82, 6), and whose deifying will only be fulfilled in everlasting life, as the divinizing will develop into perfect likeness in image. Thus, the involvement in God is a dynamic term – the image aspires after a certain connection with the model and then regenerates it. The perfect fulfillment of the likeness would be apocatastasis. The doctrine itself is the subject of hope of universal salvation, and not exactly a doctrinal certainty.
Verbum Vitae
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2004
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vol. 6
205-226
PL
In Origens theological research, the term Church has a very wide meaning, which conveys the framework of the earthly religious institution and the community of believers. In its fundamental sense, it means the family of all rational beings created by God and His works relating to the history of angels and people. According to this Alexandrian, God created beings gifted with rational thinking, to make up one community closely bonded with Him, meaning the Church understood in a broad sense. There turned out to be an impediment to achieving this eternal plan of God because of the incorrectly used gift of free will by rational beings. The fall through sin caused a breakdown of the first heavenly and earthly Church, and at the same time initiated the long process of a return to the original state of harmony. It is divided into two stages: the Old Testament Church and the Church of Christ. The later, being the fullest manifestation of the community of united people by God in the annals of the visible world, does not have a status as the ultimate Church and only comprises an image of the eschatological reality. There will be a bringing together of the heavenly Church with the earthly Church and a complete union of rational beings with Christ. The Church understood in this way crosses the limits of the present time and becomes an everlasting reality, prepared in the preexistence and also having a continuation and fulfillment in eschatology. It is not eternity understood in an absolute way, pertaining only to God, but in the sense of a lengthy continuation which had a beginning but does not have an end. Origens ecclesiology wastonic teaching on the preexistence of the soul and the Platonic-formed in a climate of ancient Greek philosophy, under the strong influence of Platonic teaching on the preexistence of the soul and the Platonic-stoic theory of the wandering of worlds, which was a normal phenomenon in the Alexandrian environment at the turn of the II and III centuries. Despite such a dependency on erroneous philosophical theories and certain logical inconsistencies, Origen's concept of the eternal Church on many essential points turned out to be an inspiration for later Catholic ecclesiology, particularly in her ecumenical and mystical tendencies. It presents all of humanity as chosen from the beginning by God and called to be His Church. It acknowledges Christ as the foundation and Bridegroom not only of the Christian Church instituted by His incarnation, but the entire community of people for whom this Church of Christ is the visible sacramental sign and invitation to return to unity with God. It is proof that the world was created for Church which does not pass away but grows and changes, in order to finally become the perfect coronation of works as the only family under Christ as the Head, and through Him the Father of the universe.
Vox Patrum
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2010
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vol. 55
535-552
EN
Pour l’auditeur de jadis et aujourd’hui lecteur, la réflexion d’Origène († 253/54) sur Abraham est organiquement liée à un appel à la réflexion, à la puissance, à la richesse et à l’efficacité de sa foi. Cette dimension existencielle de son exégèse homiletique reste toujours actuelle. Le Maître d’Alexandre enseigne surtout comment approfondir les mystères de la révélation inclus dans l’Ecriture Sainte. L’apprentissage de ce savoir-faire est pour lui beaucoup plus important que l’interprétation concrète du texte qu’il présente. Origène tient beaucoup à ce que les auditeurs sachent eux-mêmes plonger dans le texte inspiré, s’approchant ainsi mieux du Dieu vivant. Origène, attribuant à Abraham des capacités extraordinaires de connaissance, révèle sa façon gnostique de penser.
Vox Patrum
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2011
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vol. 56
289-297
EN
L’article présente l’interprétation allégorique des textes bibliques sur la vieillesse dans l’exégèse alexandrine des III et IV siècles, principalement dans les commentaires et les homélies sur la Genèse d’Origène et de Didyme l’Aveugle. Dans ces oeuvres on trouve plusieurs textes sur les patriarches en tant que personnes âgées. Origène, en analysant les événements de la dernière période de vie d’Abraham, se concentre sur la compréhension spirituelle de la vieillesse comme la maturité et la per­fection morale. Didyme veut plutôt démontrer son érudition en arithmétique et c’est une symbolique spirituelle des nombres relative à l’âge des patriarches qui l’intéresse. Selon les deux alexandrins, chaque homme doit considérer la vieillesse non pas telle­ment comme une période plus pénible de la vie, mais avant tout comme un état de maturité morale et spirituelle, et essayer d’en arriver à ce stade. Dès lors, la vieillesse physique pourrait être mieux acceptée et serait moins douloureuse et pesante.
EN
What can be said about Jesus while gazing at the Old Testament? The answer is provided by Origen who rereads the figures of the Old Covenant, and in an extremely precise and totally original way discovers in them the promised Messiah. Typological exegesis becomes for this Alexandrian the source of knowledge of Jesus Christ, his humanity, work, themes, missions, as well as ways to recognize him in his everyday life and establish a closer relationship with him.
EN
Hilary in his teachings uses the terminology of war to describe the spiritual struggle of human being. He shows that the first warrior is God, who on the cross defeated the hostile powers and triumphed over them. A believer - a soldier of God, must fight with the enemy with the help of spiritual weapons. For the victory over himself and God’s enemy, he will receive an unfading crown of glory. In his teaching, the Bishop draws on many authors, incl. Tertullian and Origen, whose war terminology was also introduced in the article.
EN
The article displays the concept of the path leading to saintliness found within the extant early Christian works of the renowned theologian – Origen of Alexandria (185-253/254). The Alexandrian theologian creatively construes Saint Paul’s notions simultaneously employing allegorical exegesis to the biblical texts of the Old Testament. According to Origen, a Christian life is a dynamic process driven by two important life moments: 1) the conversion and baptism as a recovery of the slurred by sin God’s image and attaining of the state of initial holiness; 2) complete state of saintliness in the last days, towards which a Christian is progressing in his earthly life in order to perfect the semblance to God in himself through the acquisition of virtues. In Origen’s view of holiness, it is neither a state intricate to attain nor reserved only for the chosen ones, yet a bequest given by God at baptism, and at the same time tasked to every believer for life.
PL
Artykuł ukazuje na podstawie zachowanych dzieł wybitnego teologa wczesnochrześcijańskiego Orygenesa z Aleksandrii (185-253/254) jego koncepcję drogi prowadzącej do świętości. Aleksandryjczyk twórczo interpretuje myśl św. Pawła, odwołując się także do egzegezy alegorycznej starotestamentalnych tekstów biblijnych. Według Orygenesa życie chrześcijanina jest dynamicznym procesem rozciągającym się między dwoma istotnymi momentami: 1. nawrócenie i przyjęcie chrztu jako odzyskanie obrazu Bożego zatartego przez grzech i uzyskanie wstępnej świętości; 2. osiągnięcie pełni świętości w czasach ostatecznych, do którego chrześcijanin zmierza w ziemskim życiu, rozwijając w sobie podobieństwo do Boga przez zdobywanie cnót. W koncepcji Orygenesa świętość nie jest stanem trudnym do zdobycia i zastrzeżonym dla wybranych, ale darem udzielonym przez Boga podczas chrztu, a równocześnie zadanym każdemu wierzącemu człowiekowi na całe życie.
PL
W artykule przeanalizowano wybrane motywy literackie Psalmu 77 (78), które posłużyły Orygenesowi do sformułowania interpretacji ponaddosłownych. Metodologię badań nad procesami tworzenia skojarzeń alegoryczno-symbolicznych zastosowano w odniesieniu do następujących motywów literackich: rozdzielenie wód Morza Czerwonego, obłok i słup ognia prowadzący Izraelitów przez pustynię, woda ze skały oraz manna z nieba.
EN
The article analyzes selected literary motifs of Psalm 77, which were used by Origen to formulate more-than-literal interpretations. The methodology of research on the processes of creating allegorical and symbolic associations has been applied to the following literary motifs: the separation of the waters of the Red Sea, the cloud and the pillar of fire leading the Israelites through the wilderness, water from a rock, and manna from heaven.
EN
Composed into the letter of Ignatius of Antioch to the Church of Rome, perhaps the most famous evocation – ho emos eros estaurotai – has a long tradition of interpretation, which being initiated by Origen and taking somewhat turbulent course reaches our times. Its manifestation is visible in the translations themselves, where already from the Latin rendering a significant diversity can be observed, and the wide range of interpretations is being reflected with its spread in the modern translations. Those of Greek Fathers who spoke after Origen essentially upheld the interpretation of the Alexandrian, seeing under eros – as he did – the Christ Himself. Finally they fastened so conceptualized eros in the spiritual theology and inscribed the Ignatius’ evocation into the liturgy of the Eastern Church for ages. However in the Western Church, it seems that the significant influence on the mod­ern interpretation of the Ignatius’ evocation – starting from the nineteenth century – had the ongoing in the background discussion on authenticity of the Antiocher’s letters. The time of extensive research, beyond the contribution to the determina­tion of the middle recension, from exacting blade of critics had adjudicated about fundamental error of Origen and the other Greek Fathers in the interpretation they adopted. The dominance of the newly discovered interpretation coincided with the adoption of middle recension and spreads to the present day. The resulting dis­sonance to the voice of the ancient Church born an undying question which – al­though with different intensity at different times – continues resounding. Could the Greek Fathers be so much wrong in taking the comment to the famous Ignatius’ evocation? How is it possible that those for whom the ancient Greek was the lan­guage of everyday life, and appropriate for the letters of Ignatius „Sitz im Leben” was the environment in which in the chronological proximity they grew up and lived, diverge from the actual socio-cultural and literary context from the inside of which Ignatius spoke? These and other questions have intrigued many scholars of the last century. It is, perhaps, their echo that outlines a certain circle being formed by modern translations and commentaries, running back to the beginning, to the first interpretations. This movement, presumably, shows unextinguished disagree­ment for leaving such a significant dissonance to the voice of the ancient Church. Perhaps it is also a hunch that in the content of the Ignatius’ words there is still something else, what more clearly saw the Fathers, and what in some sense re­mains hidden from modern researchers. By the same token, following the path of these assumptions, the undertaken analysis of the Syrian translation combined with the conclusions of the recent philological study on the Greek text put a question mark on the popular interpretation and allow to hypothesize in a way that is getting closer to the voice of Fathers again. It seems that the meaning of Ignatius’ evoca­tion could have been more positive than it is used to be frequently commented.
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63%
Vox Patrum
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1987
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vol. 12
49-60
EN
Ab amicis suis Ambrosio et Tatiana rogatus Origenes anno 234 in Caesarea Palaestinensi opus "De oratione" scripsit.
Vox Patrum
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2014
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vol. 61
179-194
PL
Orygenes z Aleksandrii († 253), jeden z najwybitniejszych pisarzy wczesno­chrześcijańskich, w apologii Contra Celsum podjął rozważania nad teologiczną wizją państwa. Dominuje w niej idea afirmacji oraz wola współpracy dla wspólne­go dobra. W myśl nauczania biblijnego Adamantios podkreśla Boskie pochodze­nie władzy, której należy się szacunek i lojalność. W przypadku jednak nadużycia kompetencji państwa w kwestii sumienia i wyznania obywateli, chrześcijanin wi­nien bardziej słuchać Boga. Religia domaga się wolności i uszanowania jej zasad. Chrześcijaństwo nie tylko nie przeciwstawia się w swojej doktrynie założeniom państwa i jego celom, lecz może mu służyć na wielu płaszczyznach. Państwo pełniąc rolę służebną względem obywateli, do których należą chrześcijanie, sza­nując ich zasady życia, zyska przez to Boże błogosławieństwo, jak również naj­lepszych i najwartościowszych obywateli. Ideałem, który kreśli Orygenes, byłoby zbudowanie instytucji państwa na wartościach Chrystusowych, z chrześcijańskim władcą na czele. Świat rzymski, a szczególnie jego elity, muszą zrozumieć, iż chrześcijaństwo, które ciągle jest jeszcze w ogromnej mniejszości, jest pragma­tycznie potrzebne Imperium, a Imperium chrześcijaństwu. Rzym, jeśli chce oca­leć i zwyciężyć swoich wrogów, winien stać się chrześcijański. Kościół, według Scholarchy z Aleksandrii, może być źródłem scalenia i unifikacji społeczeństwa, co zawsze stanowi podstawę siły i trwałości państwa. W tym miejscu historii myśl taka była jedynie teoretycznym marzeniem. Jednak w niedługim czasie cesarz Konstantyn, który przejdzie do historii z przydomkiem Wielki, podejmie próbę urzeczywistnienia tego ideału.
18
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"Blisko ognia"

63%
Vox Patrum
|
1984
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vol. 6
268-271
EN
Im kurzen Kommentar zu Logion 82 von Thomasevangeillum von Nag Hammadi wird die gnostische Interpretation vom Feuer mit der Interpretation von Origenes Zusammengestellt.
20
63%
EN
Origen was one of the greatest biblical scholars of the early Church, having written commentaries on most of the books of the Bible. He recognized great au­thority of the scripture. In anthropology he gave attention to the text of saint Paul: “May the God who gives us peace make you holy in every way and keep your whole being – spirit, soul, and body – free from every fault at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ” (1Thess 5:23). According to this text Origen recognized in hu­man being three elements. He tried to unite trichotomy with a concept of division of human being into two parts: interior and exterior man. Spirit in this concept is soul’s teacher and a special form of participation in the divine being. In a sense spirit is ontological image of God in man and for man it is impossible to lose it. Soul is the center of man in which he makes decisions. Soul was originally cre­ated in close proximity to God, with the intention that it should explore the divine mysteries in a state of endless contemplation. The body unites man with the whole created world and gives him material aspect. Origen’s anthropology is very com­plicated but more dynamic then static division on body and soul. If the soul is go­ing to spirit, it become more spiritual, otherwise if the soul is close to the body, it become more materialistic. In this view without any doubt the human soul is posed between spirit and body and is able to acquiesce the desires of spirit but is able to let itself to be led by carnal desires, too. According to Origen man is body, because is creature, which dies, but through the body is able to communicate with mate­rial world. Man is soul because lives and is able to choose. Man is spirit because is open to God and is able to recognize and love God. Trichotomic anthropology shows that ontological and moral aspects of human being permeate each other and it demonstrates the interior drama and struggle, which always exists in man.
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