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EN
We are living in times of great interest in human potential in organizations. Human resources are universally treated as the primary capital of a company and an important component of an organization's strategic objectives. Much has been written and said about the need to improve HRM, enriching the forms of managing people, and molding an appropriate organizational culture, while stressing the import of these processes not only to engender employee comfort, but also for business efficiency. Paradoxically however, the strong accent placed on these matters is not always reflected in actual care for the social aspects of company operations.
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EN
The authoresses analyze social changes within the family in western countries during the transformation towards modern individualized society. They based their statement on the theory of Ulrich Beck and Elisabeth Beck Gernsheim and further on the theory of François de Singly. In accord with these theorists the authoresses define individualization as a process continuously proceeding for many centuries. Among the consequences they place growing of differences between individuals, preference of individual interests to collective ones but foremost the growing possibility for free choice and decision. They also discuss the growing of uncertainty as the negative aspect of individualism. The process of individualization is irreversible and because of the ambiguity between autonomy and the fact that we are living in community, voluntary love partnerships become of crucial importance as the main pattern of social relationship in contemporary societies. ( www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2005112901)
EN
The article comprises a concise synthesis of the so-called strategic partnership between the European Union and the Russian Federation. Starting from presenting historical context and legal foundation of this partnership, paper presents the main areas of its implementation, namely: area of international security and foreign policy; area of economic cooperation and area of democratization of Russian political life. Finally, the article tries to analyse the results and key problems in realising of the UE-Russia strategic partnership, as well as its future perspectives.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2015
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vol. 47
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issue 1
113 – 138
EN
The article attempts to pose questions about the political character of the Slovak non-governmental „development“ organizations. It first uses three typologies to ask what kind of actor they are. Then it focuses on the period before 1998 to ask about the continuities in the political activities of the NGDOs after 1998 with the NGOs before the fall of Vladimír Mečiar’s government. In the last section it focuses on their advocacy work, reproduction of colonial stereotypes, corruption abroad and the problem of ownership as political issues that are salient for the Slovak NGDOs.
Lud
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2009
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vol. 93
35-48
EN
The beginnings of cultural anthropology were characterized by a paternalist approach to the societies under study. The metaphor of the child who needs care, applied to the recipients of developmental projects, has remained its expression until today. For decades anthropologists nurtured the documentary paradigm in which the viewpoint of a Western man dominated; there was no place for dialogue and for the equal status and symmetrical position between the anthropologist and the natives and between the researcher and the researched. The process of empowerment of inhabitants of Third World countries and the related post-colonial discourse introduced a new paradigm of dialoguism. It no longer divides the cognitive process into two stages: a field-documentary stage and an analytical stage, taking place in the researcher's study and assumes that the researchers get as close to the local people's point of view as possible. The anthropology of development and the practice of developmental activity also assume this perspective. When the evolutionist paradigm of development has been questioned, the principle of partnership has been elevated to the position of the key element in the modern development discourse. However, the principle of partnership and the accompanying dialogue approach have many traps, which result, among other things, from the lack of symmetry between the researcher and the researched or the donor and the beneficiary. New phenomena and problems appear, for example the category of intermediaries in the development dialogue between 'local people' and 'global people', differences in the evaluation of the aims and effectiveness of development projects, etc. The paradigm of partnership has not proved to be a miraculous panacea for all the problems of the globalising world; in fact, it has given rise to new challenges.
PL
Artykuł omawia rolę pytań jako kluczowego narzędzia w sprawnym zarządzaniu ludźmi, zwiększającego efektywność komunikowania menedżera z pracownikami; na przykładach z autenty­znych interakcji autor analizuje poszczególne warstwy przekazu językowego i ich wpływ na postawę rozmówcy oraz potencjalne długofalowe konsekwencje dla współpracy w miejscu pracy.
EN
The paper describes the role of questions as critical tools in the efficient management of people by increasing the effectiveness of communications between the manager and employees. The author provides examples of actual interaction and analyzes the individual layers of language-based messages as well as their impact on the stance of the listener and potential long-term consequences for collaboration in the workplace.
EN
Subjective aspect plays important role in the regulation of economic activity. The basic problem in this respect concerns the definition of an entity which carries on business. The article is an attempt to submit comments to the legal solutions for businesses, included in the Law on Freedom of Economic Activity. In this regard, the paper analyses legal regulations of such normative acts, as the Law on the Business (the concept of the business entity) and the Act of Business Law, which were in force in Poland since the late eighties until the entry into force of the Law on Freedom of Economic Activity. The author also drew attention to the concept of merchant and the enterprise as legal institutions, occurring earlier in the Polish legislation. The article comprehensively discusses types of entrepreneurs. In this respect, it presents the problem of natural persons, legal persons and organizational units without legal personality (the flawed legal persons). Much attention is devoted to the presentation of commercial companies' issues (partnerships and associations of capital). The paper also explains aspects connected with running a business or professional activity by the entrepreneur in his own behalf. In addition to examining the development of normative acts in the Supreme Court, the author used the judgement of Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court, and views of doctrine.
EN
Once again Russia plays a significant role in a current redistribution of political and economic power structures that affect formation of multipolar world economy. Strong interest of Slovakia is promotion of bilateral cooperation with Russia in future. Slovak and Russian companies search for new possibilities and effective ways of economic partnership. Participation of Slovak Republic has special priority on the perspective energy partnership between European Union and Russian Federation, especially on providing of raw materials and development of already existing transit infrastructure. There are three possible scenarios for trade and economic cooperation between Slovakia and Russia in next decade, which is a crucial indicator of the level of bilateral political relations.
EN
The article presents information about the co-operation between the local government sector and the local business sector. In particular, the purpose of this article is: 1. to discuss the role of local actors in economic development, 2. to present the cooperation forms between local government and the business sector, 3. to empirically analyse local government initiatives for local businesses (an assessment based on surveys). The article leads to the conclusion that the support of cooperation between sectors on a local level gives positive effects for local economic development.
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Autorytaryzm i partnerstwo

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PL
W artykule przedstawiono psychologiczne i  społeczno-kulturowe uwarunkowania dwóch przeciwstawnych systemów organizacyjnych: autorytarnego i  partnerskiego. Punktem wyjścia ich rozróżnienia jest różnica w  poczuciu umiejscowienia kontroli nad własnym działaniem wśród członków organizacji. Zewnętrzne lub wewnętrzne poczucie umiejscowienia kontroli jako cecha psychologiczna decyduje o  stosunku do hierarchii władzy, jej stabilności i  przedmiotowym lub podmiotowym traktowaniu podwładnych przez przełożonego oraz związanych z  tym wzorach kulturowych. Chociaż w  artykule nie usiłowano formułować jednoznacznych ocen wartościujących, to jego treść wyraźnie wskazuje na potrzebę rozwijania organizacji partnerskich i  eliminowania systemów autorytarnych. Tendencja ta wynikać powinna nie tylko z  powodu technicznych i  ekonomicznych warunków funkcjonowania współczesnych organizacji, ale także, a  może przede wszystkim, ze względów moralnych.
EN
This paper presents the psychological and socio-cultural conditions of two contrasting organizational systems-authoritarianism and partnership. The starting point for differentiating them is the difference in sense of location of control over one's actions amidst members of the organization. An external or internal sense of location of control as a psychological quality determines the relationship to the hierarchy of authority, its stability, and the objective or subjective treatment of subordinates by the superior as well as related cultural models. Although this article makes no attempt to formulate unequivocal valuations, its contents clearly points to a need to develop partnership organizations and eliminate authoritarian systems. This tendency should not only be the result of technical reasons and economic conditions under which today's organizations function, but also, or perhaps primarily, for moral reasons.
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