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1

GENETIC DETERMINANTS AND PERSONALITY PREDICTORS OF SOCIO-ECONOMICAL ATTITUDES

100%
Oniszczenko W., Jakubowska U.
Psychological Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 3
55-64
EN
The aim of the study was to assess the heritability as well as the personality predictors of socio-economical attitudes. Attitudes were examined on two separate dimensions: moral conservatism - liberalism and free market economy - state interventionism. The studied sample comprised two groups of subjects: 242 twin pairs aged 18 to 25 (119 monozygotic and 123 dizygotic same-sex twins reared together), and 197 male and female students of the technical university aged 19 to 25. The authors detected a substantial input of the genetic factor exclusively in the variability of results on the conservatism-liberalism scale (0.28). Results on both scales were to a large extent explained by the impact of shared environment, and, to a lesser extent - of nonshared environment. Results of regression analysis have shown that only two personality traits: neuroticism and agreeableness may serve as best predictors of economical attitudes (high level of both dimensions was associated with state interventionism).
2

SENSATION SEEKING, ALCOHOL USE AND ALCOHOL OUTCOME EXPECTANCIES

80%
Urban R., Czegledi E., Kovacs K., Kelemen A.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2008
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vol. 63
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issue 3
499-518
EN
Objectives: The authors examined the associations among alcohol use, alcohol expectancies and sensation seeking. Their main goals were 1. to verify the original factorial structure of Alcohol Outcome Expectancy Questionnaire in a Hungarian adolescent sample; and 2. to test the mediation effects of positive and negative alcohol expectancies between sensation seeking and alcohol use. Method: Research design was a cross-sectional, questionnaire study. Research participants were 428 adolescents (223 boys and 205 girls, mean age=16.9 years SD = 0.66). Measures: Alcohol use questions from ESPAD research, Hungarian version of Alcohol Outcome Expectancy Questionnaire; and Hungarian version of Sensation Seeking Scale - form V (SSS-V). Results: 1. The confirmatory factor analysis verified the original structure of Alcohol Outcome Expectancy Questionnaire in their Hungarian adolescent sample. 2. Positive and negative expectancies partially mediated the association between sensation seeking and alcohol use frequency (50% of the association is explained by the expectancies), and only the positive expectancies mediated partially between sensation seeking and underage problem drinking (22% of the association is explained by the expectancies). Removal of alcohol and drug related items from the sensation seeking scale did not affect the results significantly. Conclusions: The findings raise the importance of both positive and negative alcohol outcome expectancies in explaining the association between sensation seeking and alcohol use.
3
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RILKE UND NIETZSCHE ODER “DIE LUST AN DER MASKE”

80%
Zelinsky B.
World Literature Studies
|
2012
|
vol. 4 (21)
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issue 4
11 –23
EN
The poet Rilke and the philosopher Nietzsche have a great deal in common. They have no family, no employment, and no home and for both life and work form a whole. They are nearly exclusively preoccupied with the question of human existence. The similarities or affinities which connect the existential poet and the existential philosopher have been widely discussed. What has been neglected up to now is the fact that only Nietzsche but also Rilke attaches a lot of importance to the role and significance of the mask. That is why this essay focuses on: Rilke and Nietzsche agree on the fact that the mask is an essential and indispensable constituent of a creative personality. The poet and the philosopher create truth whatever mask they wear.
4

CREATIVE CLIMATE; TO WHOM DOES IT FIT BEST AND WHO MIGHT FEEL TO BE THREATENED BY IT

80%
Jurcova M., Stubnova L.
Studia Psychologica
|
2004
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vol. 46
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issue 1
3-19
EN
This is a synthesis of research data on three essential sources of a person's perception of creative climate, viz., original thinking, personality traits and social skills. Our sample comprised 227 adolescents in whom all the three components were compared in extreme groups of high (n = 32) and low originality (n = 37). The methods employed included: The Torrance Figural Test of Creative Thinking - TTCT, Riggio's Social Skills Inventory - SSI, Cattell's 16PF - Fifth Edition, The Creative Climate Questionnaire - CCQ (Isaksen, Kaufmann). Our findings permit a deeper insight into the interaction personality-environment as follows: 1) original thinking is an effective mediator for perceiving the characteristics of creative climate. 2) A key role is here played by its bonds with prosocial traits that are the components of extroversion, independence and receptivity. The most conspicuous source of social skills in relation to creative climate is empathy. A mutual interplay between high originality, prosocial traits and empathy permits not only to positively reflect, but also to generate a climate that stimulates creativity and promotes it - where precisely subjects with these particular traits can draw most profit from it. On the other hand, climate dimensions need not suit introverts and those with lower social skills and originality, with whom they are not compatible. For persons with lower originality (in its relations with anxiety and excessive self-control), creative climate may spell uncertainty and subjective threat which becomes reflected in a higher rating of the dimensions representing emotional safety.
5

ABOUT THE EFFECT OF RATIONAL, DIALECTICAL AND CRITICAL THINKING ON WISDOM

80%
Ruisel I.
Studia Psychologica
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2006
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vol. 48
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issue 2
81-93
EN
The essential characteristics of rational, dialectical and critical thinking are defined in relation to wisdom. Thinking influences wisdom through the quality of decision-making in the choice of strategies suitable for solving rather complex and badly defined problems. Rational thinking is closely related to a search for optimum alternatives and should be unbiased and objective. Dialectical thinking refers to knowledge of processes comparing or synthesizing facts, standpoints and opposite viewpoints. Critical thinking activates abilities and strategies that enhance the probability of desirable outputs, where definition of the desirable depends on an individual's varying goals and values. Acceptance of the principles of critical thinking considerably contributes to the regulatory role of wisdom. Critical thinking, together with wisdom, endeavors to bring men to acquire and use information more efficiently not solely in favor of selected groups, but also humanity as a whole.
6

VOCATIONAL ORIENTATIONS QUESTIONNAIRE - TOOL RELIABILITY AND ACCURACY ANALYSIS

80%
Zawadzka A. M., Szczygiel D.
Psychological Studies
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2007
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vol. 45
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issue 3
67-79
EN
The purpose of the article is to present Polish version of the Vocational Orientations Questionnaire. The Vocational Orientations Questionnaire is based on the Vocational Personality Life Style created by Holland (1985, 1997). Main psychometric parameters are presented. W-Kendall's coefficients of concordance of ratings of qualified judges indicated the internal validity of selected statements of the questionnaire. Factor analysis (N=455) identified six factors that are congruent with vocational types specified by Holland's model: realistic, investigative, artistic, enterprising, social and conventional. A confirmation analysis method (N=443) indicated, that six factors model was well adjusted to the group. The analysis of Cronbach Coefficient Alpha conformed reliability of the measure. Theoretical validity of the Vocational Orientations Questionnaire (N= 117) was estimated by analyze of the associations between the Vocational Orientations Questionnaire and personality traits and types of interests. Personality was measured by Personality Inventory NEO-FFI constructed by Costa and McCrae (Zawadzki, Strelau, Szczepaniak i Sliwinska 1998) and types of interest were measured by Interests Inventory (Frydrychowicz, Jaworska, Woynarowska i Matuszewski 1994).
7

DO EMOTIONALLY INTELLIGENT INDIVIDUALS USE MORE ADAPTIVE DECISION-MAKING STYLES

80%
Avsec A.
Studia Psychologica
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2012
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vol. 54
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issue 3
209 – 220
EN
Awareness of emotions, extensive emotional knowledge, and effective emotional management are characteristics of emotionally intelligent individuals. These competencies are expected to enable individuals using more adaptive decision-making styles (DMSs). Specifically, we predicted that trait emotional intelligence (EI) should be a positive predictor of intuitive and rational DMSs and a negative predictor of dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous DMSs, even after controlling for personality. Participants (N = 454) completed Slovene version of the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire, the Decision-Making Styles Questionnaire, and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire. Results supported the importance of trait EI on predicting DMSs: after controlling for personality, the trait EI accounted for 1 to 13% of the variance of the DMSs. Higher trait EI was associated with a more frequent use of intuitive, rational, and a less frequent use of dependent and avoidant DMSs. Results are in accordance with the assertion about the positive function of EI.
8
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POTŘEBUJEME KOREKTNÍ MANAŽERY ANEBO OSOBNOSTI?

80%
Vencálek J.
Annales Scientia Politica
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2016
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vol. 5
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issue 2
58 – 63
EN
Complexity of development of relations which originate on the European continent makes the need for a comprehensive approach to the organization and administration of the territory. The existing preference of loyal managers with their economic and operational focus to assessing reality comes into conflict with the need to analyse the complementary relations conditioning the potential of the area. The need for highly knowledgeable personalities with moral credit is particularly evident in the creation of fractal relationships between functionally and semantically established local, regional and global structures.
9
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Młodzież a przystosowanie się do otoczenia

80%
Olszak-Krzyżanowska B.
Rocznik Lubuski
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2010
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vol. 36
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issue 1
81-93
EN
This work is concerned with the complicated process of building young people's relations with the surrounding world. Analyzing this process, I tried to show possibly many factors influencing adolescents' assimilation and adaptation processes in relation to the living space. These include personality, identity, and orientation. I also present the constructed typology of people who are focused on themselves as well as those who are concentrated on and oriented towards others. During the process of constructing this typology, I took into account the type of personalities, interactions, relations to social norms, life orientation, and the feeling of identity.
10
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Individual differences in wild (WWCPS) rat — manifested in the exploration box

80%
Pisula W.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2010
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vol. 41
|
issue 1
31-35
EN
Thirty nine WWCPS rats were tested in the exploration box throughout fifteen sessions. Factor analysis was run to extract the main dimensions describing rat behavior. Two factors were extracted, confirming the validity of the concept of two dimensional structure of individual differences in rats. Hierarchical cluster analysis run on factor scores showed that only three out of a possible four types of factor combinations are actually present within observed group of animals. In terms of individual differences structure, the study provide support for the view that laboratory rats are still rats.
11
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Kim jest geniusz?

80%
Benisławska A.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2011
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vol. 47
|
issue 4(190)
667-681
EN
Cesare Lombroso created a basis of the consideration about genius as phenomenon. The similar subject analysed Ernst Kretschmer. The both authors underlined duality of genius nature distinctly. On the one hand genius is an emanation of unusual talent, on the other hand genius is connected with element of psychopatology and social rejection. Finding a new way of thinking will be possible, if a talented person’s mental structure is loosen. It means: previous solution must be rejection, researcher revolts against the authorities and he can come into conflict with a professional environment. From this point of view life of genius is full of dramatic evidences, the same like life of a polish researcher Julian Ochorowicz. In Ochorowicz case the most controversial were his studies over hypnotism and mediumism. These researches were a from of analyzing of human cognitional skills, special in the case of hysterics.
12

Psychospołeczne aspekty zdrowia i rehabilitacji

80%
Krupa B., Trzebiński P.
Zamojskie Studia i Materiały. Seria: Fizjoterapia
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2012
|
issue 1 (ZSiM 35)
63-74
EN
Introduction. Rehabilitation is a complex process rich in a number of biological, psychological and social conditions. Dimensions that make up the personality type D, in particular, a negative emotional determine the level of satisfaction with life, means that the greater tendency to experience negative emotions– the lower level of satisfaction with life and hence less effects of rehabilitation. Purpose. the purpose of this study is answering the question: what role the patients assign rehabilitation and therapists and that the evaluation of the effects of rehabilitation is associated with type D personality. In terms of a global analysis of the process of rehabilitation in the context of the biopsychosocial model. Material and method. Studies using diagnostic survey with questionnaire technique were undertaken on a group of professionally active and inactive adult patients in Zamość Rehabilitation Clinic WSZiA 2011. Two tools were used for measuring: Scale DS-14– in Polish version (N. Ogińska-Bulik, Z. Juczyński and Denollet) to assess personality (scale DS-14 contains fourteen statements, seven of them concern negative emotionality, the other seven social inhibition); Survey’s questionnaire-own authorship. Results. 1/3 patients have stressed personality (type D). Individuals with type D personality much lower rate their health than those who do not type-D. Sociodemo-graphic variables and personality type does not significantly affect the definition of rehabilitation and do not differentiate between the treatment groups in the context of the location of the line physiotherapy treatment — wellness. Personality type affects the assessment of the effects of rehabilitation. In the group of type D shows the tendency to attribute the positive effects of rehabilitation rather in the physical and non-group D, both physical and mental. Conclusion. Psychological and social factors should be taken into account and incorporated together with biological variables in the diagnosis of disease and the patient must be considered simultaneously.
13

Zastosowanie konstruktu osobowosci do oceny predyspozycji psow pracujacych i opisu psa towarzyszacego

80%
Reinholz–Trojan A., Szymańska J., Warońska M.
Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka
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2012
|
vol. 26
43-57
EN
Personality is a term which for years was associated only with humans. This paper presents a review of studies and reports showing that the construct of personality can also be successfully applied to animals. The specific role of dogs in our society and the diversity observed in the exterior and interior of this species, makes it, in our opinion, a very interesting model for the study of personality. Scientists investigating personality of dogs are pursued by both theoretical and practical goals which we try to present here. We persuade that the development and dissemination of techniques for selection of animals for specific tasks and the knowledge of personality of assistance dogs seem to be very useful.
14

Like father, like son. Intergenerational transmission of economic status through the channel of personality

80%
Keller T.
Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)
|
2008
|
vol. 18
|
issue 4
32-47
EN
In his paper the author demonstrates that in the intergenerational similarities of earning there is an indirect effect which can be observed through the intergenerational similarities in personality traits. Using the data of the Hungarian Household Panel Survey he decomposes the correlation coefficient in earning between the head of the household and his/her child. He also points out that personality traits are an important determinator of wages even beside human capital variables. Because personality may be shaped by success or failure on the labour market, he tries to analyse the data of those persons without labour market experience. The results show that personality has a long-term effect on wages.
15

MINDFULNESS AND THE FIFTH FACTOR OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF HUMOUR

80%
Özyeşil Z., Deniz M. E., Kesici S.
Studia Psychologica
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2013
|
vol. 55
|
issue 1
33 – 45
EN
The study aims to determine if mindfulness and the Fifth Factor of personality traits significantly predict humour styles. The participants of the study were a total of 502 undergraduate students, 300 (59.8%) female and 202 (40.2%) male. Humour Styles Questionnaire (HSQ), Adjective Based Personality Test (ABPT) and The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used in order to collect the data of the study. Pearson’s Product Moments correlation technique and multiple regression analysis were employed for the statistical analysis. The findings of the study show that mindfulness and the Fifth Factor of personality traits significantly predict the sub-dimensions of humour styles.
16

Personality and construing one's own future

80%
Timoszyk-Tomczak C., Zaleski Z.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2006
|
vol. 37
|
issue 3
172-184
EN
The authors report the study on what strategies the young people use in construing own future and to what extent the strategy preference in related to personality dimensions such as achievement motivation, optimism, locus of control, values and Big Five. Six strategies were identified: authority, realistic, wishful, carpe diem, pressure and awaiting. The group of 239 high school and university students filled the Questionnaire on Strategies of Construing own Future and standard personality methods. The more often are used authority, realistic and wishful while less frequently the carpe diem, pressure and awaiting strategy. Some Students tend to apply one strategy (monostrategic) others more than one (polistrategic). The statistical analyses based on the extreme group comparison as well as correlational/regression analyses revealed that the less preferred strategies are more linked to personality- the links being moderately strong. The reverse is for more preferred strategies, which may suggest that construing one's own future is relatively independent or separate personality characteristics (a possible Big Sixs). The strength and relationship value varies (positive or negative) depending on the strategy nature. The research outcomes are discussed within the frame of future time perspective.
17
Publication available in full text mode
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PRACA IMPERATYWEM KSZTAŁTOWANIA DOJRZAŁEJ OSOBOWOŚCI CZŁOWIEKA

80%
KLUZ M.
Studia Ełckie
|
2014
|
vol. 16
|
issue 3
375-390
EN
Work and education plays an important role in shaping the life of very person. Thanks to it a man perfects himself, gains the means to life, and learns how to sacrifice for others. Work makes people realize their value. It unfolds in all dimensions of human life: somatic, emotional, mental, spiritual and moral. For this reason, it is impossible to separate from it the operation and process of education. Education is an essential aid in the discovery of man's possibilities. Responsibility and work for functioning education is always carried out in a social context, and produces some specific environments of formation in the community. Natural educational environment is that of family, school, workplace and other institutions. The impact of the participation, interactions and role models is characteristic for all these groups. The human existence and society depends on the proper work in the field of education.
18

Osobowość a style radzenia sobie ze stresem u tancerzy sportowego tańca towarzyskiego

80%
Kowal P.
Studia Psychologica
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2011
|
issue 11/1
51-64
EN
The following article presents the theoretical basis and practical reasons related to the concept of personality and stress coping styles. Sport dance is not yet popular in the field of Psychology of Sports. Dancing is often referred to in the literature as a form of art. The aim of the study was to present a psychological profile of the dancer as an athlete. Dominant personality traits and styles of coping with stress among the dancers are indicated in this paper. Also differences between men and women who are committed to continually work together as a dance couple are shown. 94 dancers were studied (W-46, M-48), aged 15-24 years (mean age 17 years, standard deviation 2.25). Subjects presented different levels of advancein sports, meaning they have different dance class which definesa skill of a dancer. They had also diversified dance training time, calculated as the number of trained years. Subjects came from nine Polish dance clubs. In the study were used: NEO-FFI Personality Inventory of Costa &McCrae and Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations of Endler& Parker. In order to obtain additional data and personal information related to the training process of dancers a surveyconstructed by the author was used. The results show the differences between women and men in terms of personality traits and stress coping styles. Women show a style focused on avoiding the stressful situation and seek social contact more than men. Women are agreeable and conscientious. Studies also show a correlation between age and type of coping style in a difficult situation. Older dancers are more focused on the task, while the younger focus on experienced emotions, avoiding the task or problem, engage in alternative activities. In addition, studies have found an importanceof advancement of sport styles in somestress coping styles and in selected personality traits. The dancers with a higher dancing class, that are more advanced present style of coping with stress concentrated on the task, less advanced dancers are more emotional and neurotic.
19

Rola edukacji (edukacjologii) w ograniczaniu negatywnego wpływu nauki na kształtowanie osobowości i wyłanianie się podmiotowości

80%
Dembiński M.
Studia z Teorii Wychowania
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2012
|
issue 1(4)
68-98
EN
This article determines not only the scope of issues to be discussed in it, but above all a pretext to discuss a different view of the man whose space is sketched by his being, which is complementary. The mental sensations are a subject for ideological concretisation also dimensioned by scientific knowledge and above all educational knowledge referred to here as “educatiology”. As a result of human experience there is carnality normalized by education, a tool shaped by the nature of politics, ethics, history and aesthetics, contributes to the formation of personality.
20

IS IT THE END OF THE 'MAN OF LEISURE'?

80%
Golka M.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2007
|
vol. 51
|
issue 1
3-26
EN
The main thesis of this article is the claim that the demise of the 'man of leisure' is taking place before our very eyes - at least in so far as they were defined by Florian Znaniecki and George Herbert Mead, Roger Caillois, Boguslaw Sulkowski and other researchers who emphasised the socialising function of fun and its social character. Because of numerous processes - mainly the dominance of entertainment and the search for pleasure at any cost - fun is undergoing a process of atrophy or at least far reaching change and primarily desocialisation. Increasingly we find ourselves alone with music (because of its reproduction by walkmen and discmen), when dancing, in sport and alone in front of the television or the computer monitor. It would appear that this kind of escape from others, avoiding them and at the same time certain difficulties with complete relationships with other people. The concern arises that it will then never be possible to reach those 'others'. One of the causes of this effect could be the reduction (or change) in the role of games as a form of socialisation and interaction.
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