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1

POLISH WOMEN WORKERS IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA: WHAT MADE THEM TO COME?

100%
Klipa O.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
|
2011
|
vol. 98
|
issue 1
31-52
EN
Post-war Czechoslovakia needed foreign labour and the ineffective system of planned economy even increased the demand. Polish labour was preferred in a significant way by Czechoslovak companies during the whole period of the communist regime. Therefore, some companies from certain industrial sectors, such as glass and textiles, became almost dependent on Polish labour. Overwhelming majority of the workers were women. At the same time, governments and central planning bodies of both countries tried to control and sometimes even limit the foreign workforce both from economic and political reasons. After the arrival of Polish guest workers, rumours about their immoral behaviour, perceived as hunting for husbands in Czechoslovakia in order to stay in an economically better developed country, spread among their Czech neighbours. This stereotype is based on facts in some cases but do not necessarily evince a relationship between cause and effect. It is likely that negative opinion on the Polish workwomen was influenced by a stereotypical view of their country of origin (and of foreigners in general) and their gender. Other reasons for taking a job in the CSR, like a wish to escape from social control at home as well as to obtain scarce commodities, played an important role.
2

BRATISLAVA COMMODITY EXCHANGE (1922 – 1952). THE VARIED FUNCTIONING OF AN INSTITUTION

100%
Fabricius M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2013
|
vol. 61
|
issue suppl. issue
107 – 128
EN
The Bratislava Commodity Exchange (Bratislavská plodinová burza) was established in 1922. It had two sections, one for trade in agricultural crops and the other for trade in timber. Its organizational structure, administration and the activity of the exchange court were regulated by a statute. In an attempt to contribute to the development of grain production, it established exhibition markets for Slovak barley in the framework of the Danubian Trade Fair (Dunajský veľtrh), and strove to facilitate the international exchange of goods through the port of Bratislava. After the establishment of a grain monopoly and the resulting purchase of grain, animal feed and milled products only at official prices, the exchange lost its function in the field of fixing prices. After the formation of the Slovak Republic in 1939, it was transformed into the Bratislava Exchange (Bratislavská burza), and its activity was widened to include a financial section. It traded in securities and foreign currencies, but in shares only sporadically. The introduction of a planned economy and centrally planned direction of the economy narrowed its activity to an arbitration function and expert activity. It was dissolved in 1952.
3

ZMĚNY V SOUSTAVĚ PENĚŽNICTVÍ V KONTEXTU ŠIKOVY EKONOMICKÉ REFORMY V ČESKOSLOVENSKU VE DRUHÉ POLOVINĚ 60. LET

100%
Chalupecký P., Johnson Z., Fabianková K.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2011
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vol. 59
|
issue 7
719 – 736
EN
Although banking was not initially considered as essential, the planned implementation of selected elements of market economy and rehabilitation of money functions forced founding of an appropriate institutional environment. Besides the role of money and banks in socialist economy, the paper analyses the proposed modifications in the banking system and management of foreign currencies. During reorganization of the State Bank of Czechoslovakia the concept of separate emission and commercial banking was promoted. Changes in constitutional arrangements were to be initially reflected in the organization of monetary policy. After August 1968 reform proposals were gradually left. Finally, de facto no major changes were made. Despite this, changes in the banking sector endured to a certain extent, and they became a basis for attempts at activation of money in the following twenty years.
4

BRATISLAVSKÁ PLODINOVÁ BURZA (1922 – 1952). PERIPETIE FUNGOVANIA JEDNEJ INŠTITÚCIE

84%
Fabricius M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 2
215 – 234
EN
The Bratislava Agricultural Exchange was established in 1922. It had two sections, one for trade in agricultural crops and the other for trade in timber. Its organization structure, administration and the activity of the exchange court were regulated by a statute. In an attempt to contribute to the development of grain production, it established exhibition markets for Slovak barley in the framework of the Danubian Trade Fair, and strove to facilitate the international exchange of goods through the port of Bratislava. After the establishment of a grain monopoly and the resulting purchase of grain, animal feed and milled products only at official prices, the exchange lost its function in the field of fixing prices. After the formation of the Slovak Republic in 1939, it was transformed into the Bratislava Exchange, and its activity was widened to include a financial section. It traded in securities and foreign currencies, but in shares only sporadically. The introduction of a planned economy and centrally planned direction of the economy narrowed its activity to an arbitration function and expert activity. It was dissolved in 1952.
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