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Medzi poriadkom a chaosom: právo v období post-komunistickej transformácie na Slovensku

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Capikova S.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 4
617-640
EN
In this article the authoress attempts to evaluate and conceptualise how the law and legal institutions function during the period of post-communist transformation in Slovak society, taking into consideration the fact that there are other social processes in addition to transformation that contribute to the challenges that the law is faced with. To begin the authoress introduces the topic's theoretical and methodological background, followed by a discussion of the legal code and its developmental trends, with a focus on the causes and impact of changes. She also analyses the particular functions and dysfunctions of the law within the broader social context, in an effort to highlight those areas where the law and legal institutions do not function sufficiently and may contribute to the establishment of a dysfunctional, anti-legal culture.
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Továrna na právo. Otázka politické reprezentace v polské Třetí republice

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Kurczewski J.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 4
583-600
EN
This article can be described as a legal-sociological take on the constitutional norm that defines the character of political representation in democratic Poland. Although this norm refers to the purely representative character of democracy, it differs from the expectations of society, which regards elected representatives as dependent on the will of the electorate even beyond election day. Research shows that elected representatives have very varied opinions on their role. When they consider the voting prerogatives of national minorities or the quota representation of women, it is sociographic representation that they have in mind. As for the representation of opinion, they agree on some points and differ over others, recognising the latitude of their mandate, supporting referenda, but also limiting their legal significance. They also describe the subject of representation and the nature of the ties it is based on in different ways. Some feel themselves entirely dependent on society, while others aim to express the interests of only certain segments of society. This leads to the claim that such variability in conceptions and interpretations is the strength of representation. Sociologists in general, and sociologists of law in particular, must bear this fact in mind when interpreting the process that takes place within the great legislative factory.
3
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Architekti demokracie

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Fleck Z.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 4
601-615
EN
In this short essay the author sets out to demonstrate the relevance of the sociological perspective in examining the role of legal professions and shed light on the somewhat neglected field of legal sociology. In this regard there are valuable historical analogies to draw on, but the new democracies of Central Europe also constitute a rich field of research for exploring this role. Given that constitutional institutions in this region still suffer from a poor level of legitimacy and the effects of a pre-democratic cultural background, the impact that professional legal actors, as active agents, have on the rule of law and democracy can be of exceptional significance. In newly established legal traditions, law-makers become the architects of the emerging democracy. In some cases, however, this historical role is encumbered by an etatist, pre-democratic value system, which is the legacy of forty years of state socialism.
4

JEDNA Z TVÁRÍ POSTSOCIALISTICKÉHO TURIZMU (PRÍPADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA Z REGIÓNU ZÁPADNÉHO SLOVENSKA)

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Danglová O.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2005
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vol. 12
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issue 2
31-40
EN
In the first part of the contribution the authoress presents a brief account of ethnological concern with the research of tourism. She further shows the connection between the phenomenon of tourism and post-communist transformation. She describes how tourism has become the crystallizer of the social reality of hosting communities and how it manifested the clash of individual and group preferences in various spheres of tourist activities.
5

THE ROLE OF CONSENSUS AND SOCIAL HEMOGENEITY IN THE PROCESS OF BUILDING CAPITALISM IN POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES

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Bielinski J.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2006
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issue 1(180)
89-118
EN
The focus of this article is on interpretation of progress of post-communist transformations. Classical approaches, particularly those of Max Weber and Karl Polanyi, rather than modern ones are used as basis for the empirical analysis.The author argues that the success of capitalist project, both now and in the past, stems from the ability to work out a general consensus about the preceding economic order. He also claims that ethnic homogeneity can be a favorable factor for the post-communist transformation, especially in its initial phase. Moreover, unlike in fully developed market systems which are more stable and socially diverse, the success of market reforms in post-communist countries negatively correlates with their diversification.One of the main goals of this analysis is to describe empirically what this consensus refers to. Survey research shows that market reforms in former socialist block run more smoothly if the level of social consensus about key values, not necessarily liberal, is high. The author analyzed values and attitudes defining the consensus and also the degree of their popularity among economic elites and non-elites. Data used in the analysis comes from the first edition of European Social Survey.
6

UNDP A SOCIÁLNY ROZVOJ V 21. STOROČÍ

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Riečanská E.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
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2004
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vol. 11
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issue 1
76-81
EN
In May 2004, Slovakia became the member state of the European Union. Through this step the country officially entered a broader geo-political and socio-economic context. However, the EU, in spite of its principal importance for the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, is not the only transnational structure that has been influencing the direction of development of the Slovak society and definitions of its political and economic priorities. This article looks at the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) from the perspective of its role in defining the concept of human development in the new millennium and briefly discusses the activities of UNDP in the countries of the former Soviet block as these have unfolded over the past decade. The article suggests that the activities, roles and impact of development aid in general and UNDP in particular in the former communist countries merit a closer attention of ethnology due to their relevance for setting developmental priorities and influencing the nature of social change in the region.
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