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THE IMPORTANCE OF MATERIAL POSSESSIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INDIVIDUAL VALUES AND SOCIAL ORIENTATIONS

100%
Gornik-Durose M.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
|
2007
|
vol. 16
85-102
EN
In the article the problem of the concentration on acquiring and possessing material goods and placing them at the central point of an individual's life, described in the literature as materialism, is located within the context of individual values and social orientation understood in terms of Inglehart's materialistic and postmaterialistic values. Empirical analyses, based on a data base created in the project 'Diagnoza Spoleczna 2005' ('Social Diagnosis 2005), aim to answer two questions: the first - related to the relationship between attitudes to material possessions among individual values recognized by Poles in the conditions of a developing market economy and consumer society, the second - addressing the relationship between attitudes to material possession and materialistic and postmaterialistic social orientation. The results show that despite the indisputably significant role of demographic variables, mainly income and age, in differentiating the level of materialism in people, there is a significant relationship between individual values and perceiving material goods as important prestige symbols a well as experiencing the joy of buying. On the other hand there are no significant differences between groups with certain social orientations (materialistic, postmaterialistic and mixed) in relation to prestige obtained through material possessions. However the joy of buying was stronger among postmaterialistically oriented people than among others. Taking into consideration the results obtained suggestions related to the understanding of materialism as a phenomenon with various facets were introduced.
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TRANSNATIONAL SOLIDARITY AND PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR THE EU ENLARGEMENT

88%
Rusu H., Gheorghiță A.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2014
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vol. 46
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issue 3
261 – 282
EN
What makes people support the European Union project has been a topic of constant research in the social sciences during the last decades. The key explanations of attitudes towards EU integration and enlargement processes are mainly related to identity issues, trust in political institutions, post-materialism, cognitive mobilization and utilitarianism. This paper revisits these explanations and adds a new ingredient to the debate, namely the role of solidarity in confining sceptical attitudes towards enlargement. We hypothesize that a deficit of transnational solidarity at the level of citizens is related to an attitude of reluctance about further EU enlargement. For this purpose, we employ a multilevel approach on individual-level data from the European Values Study 2008 – 2009 and contextual data for 42 countries. Our findings support the idea of a significant, positive relation between transnational solidarity and pro-enlargement attitudes.
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