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A cor de uma ausencia: representacoes do negro na narrativa brasileira contemporânea

100%
Dalcastagnè R.
Studia Iberystyczne
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2010
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vol. 9
169-183
EN
Black characters are frankly minoritary in Brazilian contemporary narrative, as a wide research has demonstrated. This article analyses some exceptions to this rule, identifying different ways that literature represents racial relations in a society marked by discrimination.
2

The Efficacy of Three Interventions Modifying Stereotypes and Prejudice Towards People with Schizophrenia

100%
Walachowska K., Janowski K., Tatala M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2009
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vol. 40
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issue 4
96-102
EN
Little is known about the efficacy of various interventions aimed at fighting stereotypes and prejudice towards people with schizophrenia. This study evaluated the efficacy of three interventions: film, meeting a person with schizophrenia, and educational presentation, in reducing stereotypes and prejudice towards people with schizophrenia. Three groups of students were assessed by the Stereotypes and Prejudice Questionnaire before, directly after, and one month after the intervention. A reduction in both stereotypes and prejudice was observed following the educational presentation, and a further decrease in the unfavorable attitudes was observed a month later. Watching the film was found effective in reducing prejudice, however it did not lower stereotypes. Meeting a person suffering from schizophrenia was found to minimize stereotypes but its effects on prejudice were relatively insignificant and temporary. The findings from this study showed that various types of intervention had diverse effects in reducing stereotypes and prejudice.
3

Wpływ wstrętu na uprzedzenia etniczne kobiet i mężczyzn

100%
Sinacka-Kubik E.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 1(16)
24-33
EN
The article explores the role of disgust in generating ethnic prejudice. The study investigated the effects of experimentally induced emotions (disgust, fear, sadness and neutral mood) on psychological distance taken towards pictures of people with different skin color (a modified Approach-Avoidance Simulation method of A. Fila-Jankowska and K. Jankowski was used). Disgust made participants withdraw from pictures presenting faces of ethnic groups different from own group. The psychological distance taken under influence of disgust was the largest in comparison with remaining conditions of experiment. Participants withdrew from faces of members of the out-group only but not members of the in-group (European faces). The psychological distance was larger in case of groups that are targets of stereotypes in the society than in case of those who are not subject to stereotypization. The results also showed that women judged the pictures of the outgroup members more harshly than men, as manifested in larger distances taken.
4

O motywach sprzyjających vs. przeciwdziałających powstawaniu uprzedzeń

100%
Kossowska M.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2006
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vol. 1
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issue 2(2)
101-110
EN
The article is a review of the empirical literature that examines the role of motivation (and of various motives) that contribute to formation and use of prejudice. The article describes motivational mechanisms that promote and reduce prejudice. Discussed are different motives linked with prejudice and their situational and personal determinants. Individual differences in the motives are also considered. Finally, there were analyzed situations where one and the same motive (need for cognitive closure) promotes prejudice at some time and at some other time reduces it.
5

Kiedy kontakt osłabia uprzedzenia? Kategoryzacje społeczne i temporalne jako warunki skuteczności kontaktu międzygrupowego

100%
Bilewicz M.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2006
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vol. 1
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issue 2(2)
164-175
EN
Theory and research are presented relating the impact of social and temporal categorizations on the effectiveness of intergroup contact. The author reviews and compares previous proposals and his own more recent hypotheses concerning the role of intergroup perception in the processes of reducing prejudice and improving intergroup relations after successful contact. Three major approaches (personalized cognitions, salient categories, common ingroup identity) are discussed in the context of author's research on Polish-Jewish encounters. The new conception based on perspective-taking (namely: intergroup transgressions) is proposed as a possible alternative to current approaches.
6
Content available remote

STEREOTYPY V ŽIDOVSKO-KŘESŤANSKÝCH VZTAZÍCH

88%
Samohýl J.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 1
65–78
EN
This article aims at highlighting certain stereotypes in the perception of Jewish-Christian relations. Over the course of history these religions have undergone a dramatic and complicated development, and these stereotypes concerning the evaluation of mutual relations certainly remain the hallmark in current thinking about the dialogue between Judaism and Christianity. The substitution theory associated with considerations on the condemnation of Israel is the most influential stereotype. These theses lead to the contrary belief that the Jews were constantly persecuted throughout history, not only due to ideological reasons, but also because of economic, cultural and political issues. In the third part, the text briefly argues against the stereotype of Czech society as the most atheistic in Europe within the context of Jewish-Christian dialogue.
7

VLNA ANTISEMITIZMU V ČESKOSLOVENSKU VYVOLANÁ POLITICKÝM PROCESOM S RUDOLFOM SLÁNSKYM A SPOL.

88%
Šromovský M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2015
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vol. 18
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issue 2
-
EN
The beginning of 1950s in Czechoslovakia was a period of political processes, among which the Rudolf Slánsky et al. trial had possibly the largest impact on the society. It was accompanied by a massive media campaign, characterized by a strong anti-cosmopolitan, anti-Zionist and anti-Israel spirit. Articles in newspapers that tried to accuse, inter alia, the Zionists, cosmopolitans (thus people of Jewish descent) and the State of Israel of the negative economic situation in the country, could not cause any other reaction but the anti-Semitism. In contrast to the so-called Popular anti-Semitism, which was on the scene mainly in Slovakia after the Second World War, in the early '50s the anti-Semitism was caused by government – so-called government anti-Semitism.
8

SLOVAK VERSION OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MOTIVATION TO RESPOND WITHOUT PREJUDICE SCALE

88%
Michalko D., Plichtová J.
Studia Psychologica
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2021
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vol. 63
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issue 3
252 – 265
EN
Internal and external motivation to respond without prejudice scale (IEMS) provides a self-report tool sensitive to individual tendencies to control implicit and explicit prejudice without directly inquiring about attitudes toward an outgroup. The current study verified the scale’s psychometric properties and construct validity on a Slovak sample. In line with the predictions, the principal component analysis suggested, and confirmatory factor analysis validated the presence of two uncorrelated factors of internal and external motivation. Additionally, while internal motivation was positively associated with adherence to egalitarianism and negatively with authoritarianism, external motivation did not demonstrate any of these relationships. Furthermore, only external motivation was found to be positively related to expressive self-control that parallels propositions claiming greater self-regulatory demands when egalitarian norms are followed to avoid social disapproval. Finally, both factors were positively correlated with concerns from appearing prejudiced, although internal motivation in a significantly greater degree, reflecting larger dependency on self-oriented concerns. With appropriate values of internal consistency for both factors, the IEMS scale provides a reliable self-report measure that might be used for systematic control of individual differences in the research of social cognition in intergroup context.
9
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Stereotypy i uprzedzenia w środowisku wojskowo-cywilnym Marynarki Wojennej RP

75%
Białopiotrowicz-Buczko E., Baryła W.
Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW
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2013
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issue 2
83-108
EN
Based on the Tajfel’s and Turner’s Social Identity Theory an own research was constructed. The aim of the study was to check whether stereotyping and prejudices occur in relations between groups of army civilians and soldiers working together in the Polish Navy. In a questionnaire, 96 soldiers and 104 army civilians reported perceptions of their own vocational group and of the out-group and expressed dehumanization of the in- and out-group members. Respondents showed in-group favoritism in trait and emotion evaluations, but mutual dehumanization did not occur. However, it is interesting to note that, the group of regular soldiers was dehumanizing itself. The most important finding for practice is that members of both groups who have participated in integration workshops showed lower in-group favoritism, than integration non-participants. The implications of these results are discussed.
10
Content available remote

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ISLAM AND PERCEPTION OF ISLAM AMONG CZECH AND SLOVAK UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: DOES IGNORANCE DETERMINE SUBJECTIVE ATTITUDES?

63%
Novotný J., Polonský F.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2011
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vol. 43
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issue 6
674 – 696
EN
In this article, authors examine existing levels of knowledge about Islam and other characteristics of respondents in regard to attitudes towards Islam and anti-Muslim prejudice. The analysis uses expectations derived from the integrated threat theory and inter-group contact theory when drawing on a questionnaire survey conducted among 716 university students interviewed in seven Czech and Slovak cities. Our results showed that the level of knowledge about Islam is negatively associated with perceived threats (such as fears of Islamic terrorism, and perception of problems with integration of Muslims into Czech/Slovak society) and, indirectly through the latter, with prejudice against Muslims. The analysis also confirmed some other (statistically more important) correlates of both perceived threats and anti-Muslim prejudice. These are personal contacts with Muslims and the Islamic world that are associated with more positive attitudes and affiliation to a church which is associated with more negative attitudes towards Islam.
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