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Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 2
178 – 186
EN
The archaeological sources are the only and hence key witnesses of the prehistoric period. This exclusivity puts them in a different light in comparison to the sources available for the following periods, where e.g. written sources are available. Most of the museums have the funds of items obtained by archaeological research. Archaeology as a discipline of special museology, like any other discipline presented in the museums, has its specifics. These are reflected, in particular, in the methods of work, in the form of records and documents, care, but also in the possibilities of field research and, ultimately, in the form of their presentation to the public. Their common feature is the protection of our cultural heritage and its legacy for future generations.
2
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Franciszka Brentana koncepcja istnienia

100%
Filo-Sofija
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 4(15)
899-909
EN
The paper presents Franz Brentano’s theory of existence. In particular, we discuss Brentano’s arguments for the thesis that existence is not a predicate. The most important role in the defense of such a concept of existence is played by the theory of judgment, according to which, judging consists in the acceptance or rejection of the object of presentation. However, the analysis of Brentano’s arguments for the existential theory of judgment demonstrates that there are no sufficient reasons to accept Brentano’s thesis concerning the nature of existence.
EN
The article discusses Giorgio Colli's writings on philosophy. Its past and its destiny. Colli's work on the pre-Socratics is compared with Heidegger's analyses of early philosophers.
EN
Translation studies has experienced several paradigmatic turns since James Holmes presented his seminal paper in 1972. Each turn has provided the field with new insights. However, it has often seemed that each turn has somehow forgotten the legacy of its predecessors. Moreover, after Popovič and Levý’s untimely departure from the translation community, memories and references to their work started to fade away and were usually reduced to a footnote, as if their ideas were no longer valid and had nothing to offer the field today. However, we have seen an unprecedented boom in international interest in “Eastern” translation studies/translatology, and various conferences were organized dedicated to their legacy (Prague, Bologna, Leuven, Vienna etc.), suggesting that their ideas are worthy of further exploration, reinvestigation and testing against the new environment. Therefore, the paper suggests naming this new phenomenon relating to “Slavic” TS as the “re-turn”, which has been enabled by the development of the cultural and social situation in the post-socialist world in which we saw the mental Iron Curtain enduring much longer than the actual, physical one.
EN
The paper is focused on the theoretical museology. It deals with the theory of communication, theory of presentation, description of different contexts of museum exhibits, the use of different exhibition languages and the use of modern technologies. The author attempts to define the basic principles of the museum exhibition formation.
EN
There are approximately ten historical synagogue buildings left in Ukraine today which continue, to varying extents, to preserve their original wall paintings and decoration. A number of these were only recently discovered. The attempts underway, beginning in the early 2000s, to preserve as well as uncover old paintings often produces the opposite effect, destroying authentic works. The cultural significance of these historical landmarks requires that they be included in a single international register, along with supervision and an agreed upon preservation program designed individually for each. Synagogue wall paintings will inevitably perish unless ways of transferring this heritage are sought that will move these works to a different and more reliable “medium of cultural memory”. Different, innovative approaches to museum preservation and ways of presenting these works to public view are called for. Among the tried and tested options are: reconstructing old synagogue interiors which contain wall or ceiling paintings; using motifs taken from the original paintings in new works being produced for the Jewish community; and work on exhibition projects, catalogues and two-dimensional reconstruction models.
EN
The author focuses on the analysis of the problems of 'time' of images. They may be approached as the alternative counterparts to real time, or just as images. The relationship between the time of images and the real time is characterized by such concepts as presentation and currentness. The presence of each visual information, its 'here and now' is being understood as a relationship between the image and its presentation to the audience. This element of time is omnipresent and in the case of cinema, it is coincident with the present time of the image (the shot). Only convention defines whether it has to be understood as the past time (the retrospect). Within this meaning, only the present time identical with the time of the image, or, viewer's time, is distinguished. Another important concept concerning the relationship between the technical image and time is currentness (which relates to the current situation, the most immediate presence, attractiveness from the point of view of time, temporality, urgency, immediacy) of an information. It is determined by the difference between its 'here and now', i.e. by its presentation, and 'ontological' reference represented by a visual information. For instance, live broadcast is current presentation. A great number of images are produced to serve this sole purpose. If they are not current, they have no information value. The relationship of the time of images and images is especially characterized by authenticity. The authenticity of an image (veracity, credibility, genuineness, originality) is largely determined by the relationship between the information and realism. A feature fiction film may give a realistic impression, however it is not authentic. If it is not authentic, it works with the presentation of actual reality as one of the possible interpretations of realistic authenticity. All visual information, captured in a technical image, generates a meaning, which is inseparably connected with these three aspects. This holds especially for the domain of technical images, for which the presentation in the present time, currentness, and authenticity of information is a natural component and a part of their functioning, as they work with images and time aspect.
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