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EN
The Year for Priests concluded on 11 June 2010 was a special opportunity for the Church to reflect on priesthood in the changing situation. Contemporary attempts made by priests to give priority to ago over esse (acting over being) urgently require thinking over the essence of priesthood again with respect to that esse, and in this task defining it as a gift and mystery may be helpful. Such a definition of priesthood is not a new thing, but also today it may be considered a topical key for understanding its essence. The Holy Scriptures and the Tradition of the Church emphasize that the gift of God is the source of priesthood and its nature. The gift is presented to the very person who is ordained, but also to the Church, or even to the whole mankind. The statement saying that priesthood is a gift also leads to recognizing a mystery in it. It is the mystery of God's love why He summons only some people, and not others, why He grants his grace only to some people. The gift of priesthood is a mystery also in the sense that it makes one able to celebrate God's mysteries. The particular connection between the ordained person and Christ is a mystery, which is expressed in the statement that a priest acts in persona Christi. If priesthood is God's gift and at the same time a mystery of God's choice, one may not demand it as if it were his due right. Nobody possesses the right to receive the sacrament of Holy Orders. It is God's gift that is the foundation of priest's service and of this exceptional dignity of the one who accepts the gift. At the same time the gift gives rise to obligations on the part of the one who is presented with this dignity, but also on the part of all those to whom the service is directed. It requires agreement and cooperation from the one who receives the gift. The duties of the community are reduced to accepting the gift with gratitude. Talking about priesthood as of a gift and a mystery is ultimately a defense of the primacy of grace in the priestly vocation. It also agrees with the whole vision of moral life based on a gift and demanding a free answer from a man.
EN
The Author of the publication departed from the classic division of the patrology periods and applied a mixed chronological and geographical criterion in order to emphasize the ideas that had beed accompanied by the Fathers of the Church and the early Christian writers on celibacy of the clergy. The Author referred to the early fourth century (Counsil of Elvira) and then, by applying the geographical criterion, He examined the development of the whole idea of celibacy in the West and East.
EN
'Vocation' and 'pastoral work' are the two key terms that determine the character and activity of the Church. Vocational chaplaincy belongs to the nature of the Church and should be one of its main aspects. It illustrates the idea of the Church as a Mother, constantly opening itself to God's intention to give birth to new life within it. The vocational character of the Church is expressed in the very etymology of the word 'Ecclesia', which means 'the congregation of the chosen' (by Jesus). John Paul II called the Church mysterium vocationis. The mystery of ecclesiastical vocation is being revealed and fulfilled in pastoral work, which is an organized activity. Its main aspects are preaching the Word of God, administering of the sacraments, living in a religious community and being witnesses of Christian life. Thus the very idea of pastoral work is dei ned by its vocational character.
EN
There is no doubt that Catholic Church activity abroad (outside of Poland) is very important element in building national-cultural awareness in life of Poles. Often times one can see in Catholic Church just the institutional structures. Of course, these structures have a huge meaning and important place in life of Church. But beside that dimension Church is most of all spiritual. That spiritual dimension points on the fact that in life of the Church on emigration participate more people than in life of organization. There should be a question raised: what is going to happen to Poles abroad? Are they going to give up to assimilation process in European Union, or maybe not: because of easy contact with Poland they will deepen their awareness and develop even more their cultural activity? Everything depends on the level of development of the national awareness. John Paul the Second often mentioned about this very important heritage of Church’s presence in polish emigration.
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2014
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vol. 16
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issue 2
213-239
EN
Roman Catholic parish Lips at the Biebrza is situated at the borders of Augustowszczyzna and Grodzieńszczyzna. In its turbulent history there have been collisions of cultures from eastern, Black Ruthenian with elements of Latin culture, polish from Mazovia. In XIX century, the cultural influences, has brought massive conversions of Russians who wanted to became Polish. In consequence it led to the reaction of tsar, namely to the oppressions of member of Uniate Church and closing down of Roman Catholic parish in Lipsk. Lack of unity has brought distrust to both laic and church authority. During wars the parish was twice deprived of priest. In 1915-1917 when P. Kotlewski was interned in Guterloh and in 1943-1944 after S. Dąbrowski escaped and B. Rutkowski and J. Płoński were murdered. During absence of priests the church was destroyed twice and two times after the priests came back the church was rebuild. The parish is „anointed” with blessed martyrs from Second World War. Blessed Marianna Biernacka was born there and spent all her life there, she was shoot dead at forts in Naumowicze. Blessed sister Sergia M. Julia Rapiej was born and spent her childhood there, she was shoot near Nowogródek. Also blessed father Adam Bargielski also worked there for some time in 1936, he died in concentration camp in Dachau. During cultural freedom P. Kuklewicz and in interwar period T. Zajączkowski together with vicar W. Sawicki and J. Dzieniszewski managed to revive cultural and social activity so much that the admiration and even envy appeared in people from neighborhood. All priests of those days put their hearts and souls into their work with entrusted them people.
EN
The changes occurring in our society on the religious plane result, among others, in a decline of priestly vocations. Hence the need of cooperation between the family, priests and the people who are responsible for the vocations is of prime importance, so that a young man to whom Christ turns with the call 'Follow me' can be aided in his response to this call. Through a Christian atmosphere of its life, through an everyday testimony of faith and religious life the family helps one be formed, develop and become mature in his priestly vocation. The significance of the parents' agreement to the son's decision about entering the seminary as well as the attitude of support that the parents and other members of the family should assume and show the called one on the spiritual, moral or emotional plane, so that Christ's invitation would not prove in vain, is also stressed in the article.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
169–177
EN
The paper describes particular norms of the Polish Conference of Bishops dealing with the investigation of accusations of sexual delicts committed by Catholic clergy. Firstly, it informs about the history of such legislative norms from 2009 and the reasons for their amendment. Subsequently, the author offers an analysis of the new instructions from 2012: its goals, its legal sources in the material and procedural area, the means for verifications of accusations, the instruments for necessary help for victims of delicts, and the relationship between the canonical and secular penal procedure. Finally, he indicates requests for the formation of clergy, as they result from the experiences of dealing with such crimes and accusations, and for their prevention as well.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
112–127
EN
The paper describes positives and negatives requests for candidates of the holy orders given by the actual norms of the Catholic Church. First it clarifies the reasons for such requests and their foundation in the Code of canon Law from 1983 and in extra- codified norms and basic requests for the validity and lawfulness of orders as well. Subsequently, the author deals with concrete requests and their verification in the three stages of the formation for priesthood: the initial one connected with acceptance to the major seminary, further during the formation in seminary and finally immediately before ordination.
EN
Priesthood on the Internet must be marked by a critical approach to that very device, by full awareness of its good and bad sides, with a priest being primarily concerned with making virtual reality activities, however attractive and tempting, lead to a genuine, live community outside the Internet. The Church proposes conducting a wide media education, especially among children and adolescents, as well as undertaking specific actions with the aim of increasing safety in the Web. It is around these basis theses that the analyses in the present paper revolve. They are based on the Internet-related teaching of the Church and on empirical research into the mustitasking phenomenon.
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