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PL
Terrorism has been threatening modern societies for many decades. Legislative response to this issue includes creating various definitions and classifications of terrorist acts on one hand and introducing „repressive” counterterrorism laws on the other. This is not a new phenomenon, however, in the history of fight against terrorism there has been many „counterterrorism acts” which did not succeed in resolving the issue – which is illustrated in the article with appropriate cases of XIX century’s terrorist acts. Appropriate, evidence based counterterrorism methods should be sought rather than repressive methods relying mainly on the society’s fear of terrorism.
EN
The author presents the de-classified preliminary findings of the European Commission funded FP7 research project PRIME, dealing with extremism, radicalization and lone-actor terrorism (also known as “lone wolf terrorism”). The article provides partial results of the research consisting of a context analysis of the lone actor threat, that is a description of a range of identified contextual elements which may affect the relevance, adoption, implementation or exploitation of the PRIME Project’s final deliverables (counter- and communication measures requirements portfolios), including differences in culture and legislation across Europe, as well as operational (law-enforcement-related and stakeholder-identified) constraints. The article presents a host of definitional issues related to “lone wolf terrorism”, provides results of the surveys/questionnaires performed in Poland and India and ends with a summary of the problems, constraints and obstacles to the successful and efficient use of operational procedures available for the law-enforcement and security agencies and institutions, based on data gathered through engagement activities with security practitioners.
EN
The author presents the de-classified preliminary findings of the European Commission funded FP7 research project PRIME, dealing with extremism, radicalization and lone-actor terrorism (also known as “lone wolf terrorism”). The article provides partial results of the research consisting of a context analysis of the lone actor threat, that is a description of a range of identified contextual elements which may affect the relevance, adoption, implementation or exploitation of the PRIME Project’s final deliverables (counter- and communication measures requirements portfolios), including differences in culture and legislation across Europe, as well as operational (law-enforcement-related and stakeholder-identified) constraints. The article presents a host of definitional issues related to “lone wolf terrorism”, provides results of the surveys/questionnaires performed in Poland and India and ends with a summary of the problems, constraints and obstacles to the successful and efficient use of operational procedures available for the law-enforcement and security agencies and institutions, based on data gathered through engagement activities with security practitioners.
EN
The author presents the de-classified preliminary findings of the European Commission funded FP7 research project PRIME, dealing with the extremism, radicalization and lone-actor terrorism (also known as “lone wolf terrorism”). The Article provides the partial results of the research devoted to the preparation of portfolio of lone actor extremism counter-measures requirements based on the findings of the review of existing counter-measures used to defend against lone actor extremist events. The Article concludes with a list of recommendations, which shall be considered in order to prevent, interdict and mitigate the threat of lone actor extremism and terrorism and to support public security and safety. These recommendations are based on the extensive consultations with law-enforcement and security services practitioners and Subject Matter Experts of the PRIME Project domain, representing a wide range of areas (police, intelligence, border protection, military, government, civil defence, non-governmental organizations, and the academic community) and different jurisdictions and law practices (several countries of Europe, United States, Canada, India, Japan, Georgia, Mexico, Australia and New Zealand).
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