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Efekty funkcjonowania specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w polsce w kontekście realizacji celów ich tworzenia oraz wykorzystywanej pomocy publicznej

100%
Lizińska W., Marks-Bielska R.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2013
|
issue 2(62)
92-105
XX
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effects of the functioning of special economic zones (investment expenditures and newly created and maintained jobs) and public aid. Analyses were carried out at the end of 2011, based on data published in the reports of the Ministry of Economy: Information on the implementation of the law on special economic zones. The chief aim of the empirical research conducted in the first half of 2011 was to assess the extent of the implementation of the objectives of SEZ, the degree of compensation for the cost of public aid for SEZ, and to review opinions on the prospects of the zones. The study was conducted by means of a questionnaire among the representatives of 10 out of the 14 of thespecial economic zones. Until the end of 2011, the value of investments that businesses had incurred in all the (14) zones exceeded PLN 79.6 billion. The zones vary widely in terms of investment expenditure value and the number of provided jobs. Katowice Zone is the leader in both of these categories. The value of public aid granted up to the end of 2010 amounted to PLN 8.9 billion (11.1% of the capital expenditure incurred by businesses). Since 2002, this share has remained at a comparable level of 10.1-12.1%. The results of the authors’ own studies show that individual goals are not fully achieved. In the opinion of managers, the zones best meet the goal of increasing the number of created jobs.
2

PUBLIC AID FOR POLISH ENTERPRISES AFTER THE EUROPEAN UNION ACCESSION

100%
Baczko T., Peczkowska J.
Studia Ekonomiczne (Economic Studies)
|
2008
|
issue 1-2
62-79
EN
Based on field research relating to adjustment of the Polish enterprises to the integrated European Union market the paper is dedicated to public aid impact and efficiency on the level of enterprises in the period 2004-2006. Analysis related to purposes of applying for aid, impact of public aid, assessment of the procedure and criteria of public aid allocation, reasons of not applying for public aid, instruments of public aid, effectiveness of impact exerted by public aid instruments and assessment of effectiveness of public aid for companies in the period of 2003-2006. Conducted analyses show directions in the allocation of structural funds point to quality-based competitive factors. Majority of observed companies have recorded public aid as improving competitiveness and innovations. They have noted increase in investments, R&D expenditures, and expenses relating to enhancement of employee qualifications. Subsidies and allowances were the dominant form of public aid that enterprises used in the years 2003-2006. At present, interests are growing in other forms of public aid, in particular loan guarantees and sureties and also capital and investment subsidies. In the group of companies that generate more income tax than aid received in the period of 2004-2005 important role are playing small and medium firms (75%) which increased income (64%), fixed assets (100%), employment level (77%), investment into R&D (29%). It shows that there is possibility to measure micro efficiency of public aid granted to enterprises and it could be the base for development of institutional solutions for better public aid allocation.
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