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Antyczne źródła pojęcia mimezis

100%
Michalski R.
Filo-Sofija
|
2005
|
vol. 5
|
issue 5
45-64
EN
In this article I show the evolution of meaning of the term ‘mimesis’ in ancient Greece. I distinguish its two basic meanings: copying (imitation) and expression. The older meaning (mimesis as expression) comes from the Pythagorean tradition, whereas the newer one (mimesis as copying) can be traced back to the philosophy of Plato. Analysis of Plato’s dialogues step by step reveals ambivalence of the notion, and, what is most important, points out how useful it can be in epistemology, philosophy of language, psychology and aesthetics.
2

An Apology of Pythagorean Mathematics

100%
Krol Z.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
|
2007
|
vol. 16
|
issue 1(61)
5-20
EN
The paper emphasizes the role of ancient mathematics in the philosophical considerations in Pythagorean school and contains a reconstruction of some basic mathematical ideas giving reason for the explanation of many early-Pythagorean fragments. Some contributions to the discovery of incommensurability within Pythagorean school are presented. Their importance for mathematics cannot be overestimated. Then the course of mathematically oriented inquiries is set against some purely philological studies.
3

HELENISTICKÁ VEDA A KORENE JEJ TEORETICKEJ ARGUMENTÁCIE

75%
Sipko A.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2010
|
vol. 13
|
issue 1
-
EN
Hellenistic science was centred in the city of Alexandria in Ptolemaic Egypt. It flourished there for three centuries. Many of works of its representatives were preserved to our times. These works show that predominant majority of the ancient scholars used observation and deductive reasoning exclusively to explain natural phenomena. They did not verify the theoretical conclusions of their reasoning by means of simple experiments. This approach caused that alongside with objective conclusions the works of ancient Greek scholars contain also many erroneous ones. The root of this approach lies in abstract tradition of Greek thinking and its distrust to experience coming out off sensory perceptions. In a modified form of a system of deductive logics, this approach was implanted into Hellenistic science through the authority of Aristotle. On the other hand we can find traces of experimental approach in the works of Pythagoras, Archimedes and Heron of Alexandria.
4

OD ZOROASTRA K SÓKRATOVI: VZŤAH ANTICKEJ FILOZOFIE A MÁGIE V 5. A 4. STOROČÍ PRED KR. (I)

63%
Kalaš A., Škvrnda F.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2018
|
vol. 73
|
issue 2
85 – 96
EN
The first part of this study offers a contextual analysis of the terms mageia and goe-teia in the Greek literature of the 5th century B. C. These terms have obviously oriental, namely Persian origin. Consequently, the magical terminology of some of pre-Socratic philosophers is scrutinized. By textual analysis of Gorgias’ Encomium of Helen, Empedocles’ fragments, and various ancient reports on Pythagoras, an essential bond between „magic“ and „philosophy“ is established. These authors understood philosophy as a magical craft working primarily with verbal persuasion and alternation of emotions (Gorgias) that were part of a broader phenomenon including mysticism, eschatological beliefs (Empedocles) and oriental way of life (Pythagoras).
5

HOMÉR A PREDSÓKRATOVSKÉ MYSLENIE

63%
Kalaš A., Škvrnda F.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2014
|
vol. 69
|
issue 10
813 – 823
EN
The paper questions the modern approach to ancient philosophy as a linear movement from mythos to logos. It analyses the circumstances of „the beginning“ of ancient philosophical thinking. It tempts to see the whole movement of the pre-Socratic philosophy as a literary undercurrent of the Homeric schools, the Homeridae. The allegorical interpretation of the Homeric poems is crucial for this type of argumentation. This interpretation goes back to their very origins. The emphasis is put on the resemblances between the cyclic eposes Ilias and Odyssey and early pre-Socratic philosophies, namely those of Xenophanes, Heraclitus, Pythagoras and the Milesian School. It is argued, that in physical and ethical conceptions of these philosophers, many traces of Homeric world-view can be unveiled. Therefore, it seems viable to suppose that some allegoric interpretations of Homer´s poems pre-existed as a theoretical background behind these philosophical theories.
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