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Geneza i rozwój włoskiego katolicyzmu społeczno-politycznego do 1919 roku — zarys problemu

100%
Łyżwa P.
Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne
|
2015
|
vol. 19
66 - 79
EN
The article is dedicated to the origins and development of the Italian socio-political Catholic movement before 1919. It analyses the implications of the ideological-political conflict between the Church and the State (mainly the so-called “Roman question” — the problem of temporal Pope’s power, and the non expedit principle which did not allow Italian Catholics to participate in parliamentary elections) in the context of the Risorgimento that is the movement for and process of national and political unification of Italy. The text not only presents the birth and functioning of particular Catholic organisations but also clarifies the origins and nature of the divisions in the Italian Catholic camp until 1919 when the first modern Christian democratic political party — Italian Popular Party — was established.
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Community (Custom) vs. State (Law): The Debate about Property in the Papal States in the 18th – 19th Centuries

100%
Rosati S.
Studia Iuridica
|
2019
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vol. 80
335-353
EN
During the 18th century, an increasingly strong individualistic attitude in the way of understanding the relationship between man and the tangible world spread throughout Europe. The legal institution which, more than any other, suffered from the effects of this reductionism was the Property as victim of incredible compression in comparison to medieval world. The exclusive model that the new Enlightenment and the bourgeois mentality wanted to adopt was the individual Property, to the detriment of all those forms of possession documented in the Middle Ages. The present study intends to investigate, in the geographical context of the Papal States, the great juridical dispute between the individualistic model – endorsed by the Sacred Legislator – and that of a collectivistic nature defended by the Community.
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