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EN
Paweł Smoleński adds an important voice to the critical discussion about Polish history. In his books such as Pochówek dla rezuna, Syrop z piołunu. Wygnani w akcji „Wisła” and Krzyżyk niespodziany. Czas Goralenvolk (written together with Bartłomiej Kuraś) the author reveals the dark side of incidents that occurred during the Second World War and soon after. With full consciousness of the stereotypes and tradition fixed in the Polish memory, shows his relation to the history of nation from, on the one hand, and excavates from it the essence that may and should lead to a better understanding of the present time, on the other. Using the biography of ordinary people, Smoleński, showing the full value of private, colloquial, sometimes internally discrepant voices, reconstructs the process of passing into silence, political control of reminiscences and historical falsehood. His books are stories written to warn. First of all, it is very good literature with a universal message. Smoleński shows in a very interesting way the “human measure of history,” helplessness of ordinary people in the face of politics and formal institutions, the easiness of controlling the reaction of masses and power of the language of propaganda. His books open the way for a better review of difficult past times but also, what is more important, help to better understand the present.
EN
In the article I examine Paweł Smoleński’s reportage “Wieje szarkijja. Beduini z pustyni Negew” (2016) in order to present the complexity and problematic situation of the Bedouin minority in the modern state of Israel. I mainly refer to the methodologies and tools proposed by researchers from the Ben-Gurion University center, e.g. O. Yiftachel, I. Abu-Saad or A. Amara, as well as to others (C. Parizot, R. Kanaaneh). Their research is characterized by a postcolonial approach, exposing the ethnocratic and discriminatory nature of the actions of the state of Israel. I am trying to highlight the critical discourse of Smoleński's project by analyzing successively the construction of a romantic story about Bedouins, the dynamic nature of their identity and the phenomenon of “shifting stereotypes”. I also discuss the delicate theme of Bedouin “complicity” in the formation and maintenance of their ethnic representation as the nomadic people of the Negev desert.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia analizę reportażu pt. "Wieje szarkijja. Beduini z pustyni Negew" (2016) Pawła Smoleńskiego. Autorka skupia się na ukazaniu złożoności sytuacji beduińskiej mniejszości zamieszkującej Izrael. Inspirację stanowią narzędzia i metodologie opracowane przede wszystkim przez badaczy z Uniwersytetu Ben Guriona (O. Yiftachel, I. Abu-Saad, A. Amara), ale też i innych (C. Parizot, R. Kanaaneh). Postkolonialna perspektywa badaczy pozwala na uwypuklenie krytycznego dyskursu Smoleńskiego, na który składają się m.in rozpoznania na temat romantycznego charakteru opowieści o Beduinach czy dynamiczna struktura ich tożsamości. Autorka podejmuje również delikatny wątek "udziału" społeczności beduińskiej w podtrzymywaniu mitu i utrwalaniu wzorca etnicznej reprezentacji Beduinów jako koczowniczego ludu z pustyni Negew.
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