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1
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Funkcjonowanie systemu emerytalnego w Polsce trzynaście lat po reformie. Konsekwencje dla gospodarki

100%
Kulpaka P.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2013
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vol. 129
153-163
EN
The article analyses the impact of the reformed in 1999 the social security system on the state of public finance in Poland. The influence of public transfers to pension funds on the creation of budget deficit and public debt was studied in the context of the Maastricht convergence criteria.
2
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Zasada solidarności między pokoleniami w repartycyjnych systemach emerytalnych w dobie przemian społecznych

100%
Maciejewski S.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 179
163-171
EN
The subject of this article it is extremely important and relevant issue since financing of benefits in the majority of pension schemes is based on the solidarity between generations. Of special significance is the fact, that the current pension benefits are financed from the current pension fund. Changes of social lives should realize principles of stability and certitude of legal orders. Particularly, it concerns it pension system, procurement has lasting character in which for pension law. Finally, it should be emphasized that the pension systems play a significant role in life of an every person. First of all, they not only provide and guarantee the financial sources to someone who is retired but also protect the dignity of a man of an advanced age. The immutability and stability of the social security law is very important. Everyone who undertakes any work shall know in advance when and on what principles they can retire.
3
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Reforma emerytalna we Włoszech w 2012 r.

100%
Plak J.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 179
173-185
EN
From 01.01.2012 Italians are going for the retirement according to new, reformed principles. A failure of the current pension scheme and a need to adapt it to the changing demographic reality are a main reason of implemented changes. The presented most essential cells and main assumptions of the newest reform of the Italian pension scheme will stay in the present article; with the division into regulations concerning employees of the public sector, private, of autonomous employees.
4
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Konsekwencje przemian demograficznych w świetle adekwatności i stabilności systemów emerytalnych

75%
Pleśniak A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 167
43-53,
EN
The challenges posed by demographic changes such as increase of old-age dependency ratio and change of the proportion between working and retirement period can affect the stability of pension systems. The aim of this paper is to present: 1. The impact of population ageing on stability and sustainability of pension system in Poland, 2. The impact of pensions reforms conducted over the last twenty years on stability and sustainability of pension systems in Poland and other European countries.
5
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Student Opinions about Their Retirement Future

75%
Płonka M.
Olsztyn Economic Journal
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2019
|
vol. 14
|
issue 4
357-368
EN
The paper aims to identify respondents' attitudes to and awareness of the retirement age and social protection, as well as their expectations with regard to educational activities in this area. The research was carried out in 2018, using an anonymous PAPI type interview on a non-random sample of economics students (N = 703 people) who were either full-time or part-time students. The detailed objectives of the analysis were related to the following issues: - elementary knowledge of social insurance (an open question), - attitudes towards future retirement, care for the elderly, and social solidarity (semantic differential technique combined with the Likert scale), - expectations and opinions regarding the attractiveness and importance of social insurance as a subject of education (techniques as above), - the desire to deepen knowledge in this area (a dichotomous question). The conducted research has shown that despite a lack of expressive attitudes towards social and pension insurance, respondents were interested in deepening their knowledge in this area. This implies the need to create teaching programmes that would broaden this knowledge and build a new insurance awareness based not on demanding attitudes but on the conviction that the retirement future is created independently of the existing system and institutions.
6

Wpływ modyfikacji systemu emerytalnego na finanse Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych

75%
Łuczka-Bakuła W., Jabłońska-Porzuczek L.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2012
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issue nr 8
67-81
XX
Celem artykułu jest analiza przychodów i wydatków FUS od 1999 r. do 2010 r. Okres ten obejmuje pierwsze lata działalności zreformowanego systemu ubezpieczeń społecznych oraz czas, w którym wprowadzano zmiany opóźniające realizację zamierzonych pierwotnie celów reformy. (fragment tekstu)
EN
The paper analyzes the revenue and expenditure of the Social Insurance Fund (SIF) from 1999 to 2010. This period covers the first years of the reformed social security system and the time at which a number of regulatory change was introduced. In the analyzed period both revenue and expenditure of social insurance increased, while revenues grew faster than expenses. The higher revenue growth marked by subsidies from the state budget than revenues from social security premiums. Among the largest share of expenditure accounted for transfers to the population, which were paid primarily in the form of pensions. The analysis shows that the reform of social security system, despite the delays in the implementation of certain objectives, contributed to many positive changes. It affected the growth of insured persons, a drop in payments of inability to work, and the increase in the average age of persons who have been granted pension benefits. (original abstract)
7

Tendencje zmian przynależności do otwartych funduszy emerytalnych

75%
Żmudzin K.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2002
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issue nr 4
44-56
XX
Przedstawiono czynniki wpływające na wielkość zmian uczestnictwa w otwartych funduszach emerytalnych (OFE). Następnie przeprowadzono analizę w celu pokazania poziomu i kierunku dokonywania się zmian uczestnictwa w OFE w okresie od IV kwartału 1999 r. do IV kwartału 2001 r. oraz identyfikacji współzależności między strukturą zmian w tym okresie.
8
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Efektywność inwestowania w ramach III filara systemu emerytalnego

75%
Chorkowy B.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 180 cz 2
55-66
EN
The research results of pension system in Poland (the first and second pillar) indicate that retiring will be connected with necessity of significant expenses reduction, what consequently will lower the current life level. The forecasted low level of new pension system effectiveness (the first and second pillar) leads to necessity of saving capital by instruments belonging to the third pension pillar of voluntary character. This paper presents the effectiveness of investment funds which constitute the basis of this part of the pension system, as well as chosen investment strategies used by pension system participants.
9

Miary charakteryzujące zmiany na rynku OFE

75%
Chybalski F.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2005
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issue nr 12
41-51
XX
Od 1999 r. funkcjonuje w Polsce rynek otwartych funduszy emerytalnych (OFE), na którym oferowane są obowiązkowe kapitałowe ubezpieczenia emerytalne. OFE stanowią II filar systemu emerytalnego. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja oraz omówienie zalet i wad niektórych miar charakteryzujących zmiany na OFE. Istotnym elementem opracowania jest także wskazanie błędów interpretacyjnych, jakie mogą zostać popełnione podczas analizy wartości poszczególnych mierników.
EN
From 1990 in Poland is functioning a market of open pension funds (OPFs) which offers obligatory capital pension insurance. OPFs are the second pillar of pension system in Poland. The target of article is identification and presentation of advantages and disadvantages of selected measures describing changes on the market of open pension founds. These measures are divided into two categories: absolute and relative. The article presents also interpretation mistakes which can be made during analysis of value of particular measures. The author drew also the attention to the necessity of complex interpretation of many measures in order to make a detailed analysis of changes on the market of OPFs. It is also ascertained that majority of described measures are used not only in relation to the whole market of OPFs, but also in relation to the particular of OPFs.
10

Grupowe oszczędzanie na cele emerytalne

63%
Strzelecka K.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2002
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issue nr 12
37-42
XX
Nowy system emerytalny daje możliwość dodatkowego zorganizowanego oszczędzania z myślą o przyszłej emeryturze, tzw. III filar. Zgodnie z przepisami ustawy z 22 sierpnia 1997 r. o pracowniczych programach emerytalnych (Dz.U. Nr 139/1997, poz. 932 z późniejszymi zmianami) źródłem dodatkowych dochodów przyszłych emerytów mają być formy grupowego oszczędzania zorganizowane przez pracodawcę w formie pracowniczych programów emerytalnych (PPE). Zwrócono uwagę, że najdynamiczniej rozwijającą się formą PPE stał się pracowniczy fundusz emerytalny. Drugie miejsce zajmują PPE realizowane w formie umowy o wnoszenie składek do funduszu inwestycyjnego. Najmniej PPE prowadzonych jest w formie grupowego inwestycyjnego ubezpieczenia na życie pracowników z zakładem ubezpieczeń. Podkreślono konieczność reformy III filaru i wprowadzenia bodźców zachęcających pracodawców do wprowadzenia PPE.
11
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Podnoszenie wieku emerytalnego a problemy polskiej polityki społecznej

63%
Tkaczuk M.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 179
196-205
EN
Broadening the scope of social security coverage against diverse social risks is one of relevant part of social development. However, when the state tries to withdraw existing social privileges, or pursues a policy which induces worsening quality and access to public services, this evokes discontents or even protests in society. Ageing society is a graduating feature of many modern states. Even though it is associated with extending life expectancy, it is also related to decreasing fertility and finally to high net migration outflow, as many jobseekers are looking for better working and living conditions abroad. That is the reason why the efforts undertaken towards balancing the pay-as-you-go pension system only through raising retirement age is not only injustice, but also ineffective in the longer term. What is worse, it can have a negative impact on both the economy and the society, which form together a complex and sensitive system. At the expense of saving financial solutions and under the name of higher and more reasonable pensions, extending retirement age may trigger many other negative consequences, primarily concerning future retirees and new labour market entrants.
12

Ocena efektywności inwestowania otwartych funduszy emerytalnych

51%
Mikulec A.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2004
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issue nr 9
26-39
XX
Zwrócono uwagę na niedoskonałość średniej ważonej stopy zwrotu służącej do oceny efektywności inwestowania otwartych funduszy emerytalnych. Zaproponowano miary oparte nie tylko na stopie zwrotu, ale również ryzyku istniejącym na rynku finansowym. (Podstawowe miary służące do oceny ryzyka inwestycyjnego to odchylenie standardowe i współczynnik beta.) Omówiono miary stosowane do oceny rentowności porfela inwestycyjnego, takie jak: wskaźnik Treynora, wskaźnik Sharpe'a i wskaźnik Jensena. Analizę oparto na danych miesięcznych, dzięki czemu uzyskano 44 obserwacje od X 1999 do V 2003 r. Przy obliczeniach wykorzystano szeregi czasowe miesięcznych: stóp zwrotu dla każdego OFE, stóp zwrotu z aktywów wolnych od ryzyka (bony skarbowe) oraz stóp zwrotu z portfela rynkowego - wzorcowego.
EN
The target of this article is to describe some issues connected with questions on evaluation of investing efficiency of Open Pension Funds (OPF) running in Poland since J 999. On the beginning the article presents method of evaluation of running of pension funds used by supervision body, including disadvantages of this method. Then the author describes basic measures using for evaluation of investment risk, which were applied toanalyse a pension market. The article also presents the theory on profitability indicators of investment portfolio, which were recommended for evaluation of profitability of Und pillar entities. The conducted data analyse is a short description of evaluation, information progressing and time series methods. The article shows a manner of creation of return rates from particular assets categories applied in order to build d market portfolio and idea of portfolio based on comparisons of particular funds. The author draws also into attention to the tabular composition of indicators value evaluated for OFF and its interpretation. Then, the article presents analyse of elements that probably had an influence on received results. (original abstract)
13

Wpływ przemian demograficznych na system emerytalny na przykładzie Polski i Niemiec

51%
Mikulec A.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
|
2005
|
issue nr 12
52-66
XX
Systemy emerytalne na świecie mają długą tradycję. W Polsce tematyka ta zyskuje na znaczeniu od 1999 r. - od momentu przeprowadzenia reformy emerytalnej. W artykule omówiono czynniki demograficzne mające wpływ na funkcjonowanie i dalszy rozwój systemu emerytalnego. Ze względu na krótką historię polskiego zreformowanego systemu emerytalnego, jako punkt odniesienia i porównań przyjęto niemiecki system emerytalny. Na początku scharakteryzowano reformy obu systemów - polskiego i niemieckiego. Autor prezentuje procesy demograficzne zachodzące w omawianych państwach i wskazuje liczne podobieństwa dotyczące kierunków kształtowania populacji w Niemczech i w Polsce. Przedstawia wpływ zjawisk demograficznych na system emerytalny. W artykule przedstawiono także prognozę demograficzną dla Polski i Niemiec do 2030 r.
EN
Retirement pay systems have a long tradition in the world. In Poland this topic is known since 1999 -from the moment of conducting a retirement pay reform. This article describes demographical conditions impacting on functioning and further development of retirement pay system. Taking into consideration a short history of Polish (reformatted) retirement pay system as a point of view and comparisons a German retirement pay system was drawing into attention. Considerations were preceded by short characteristics of retirement pay system and reforms conducted in Germany and Poland. The authors of article presented demo-graphical processes taking place in these countries and indicated a number of similarities concerning direction of population formation in Germany and Poland. The main aspects described in the article covers: impact of population structure by age and sex, and impact of lifelong on retirement pay system. The article presents impact of indirect conditions i. e. female fertility and reproduction, natural increase of the population and deaths on retirement pay system. Prognosis of the population to 2030 for two countries and cumulative problem of the population growing old in the context of retirement pay system were also presented.
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