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PL
W Visitors (2013) Godfrey Reggio korzysta z podstawowych zabiegów formalnych charakterystycznych dla swej autorskiej stylistyki: alternacji zdjęć zwolnionych i poklatkowych oraz synergicznego związku obrazów z muzyką Philipa Glassa, która stanowi rodzaj rytmicznej partytury, determinującej ostateczną wersję montażową. Choć film można traktować jako kolejną części trylogii Qatsi, czyniącą z niej tetralogię, należy zarazem zachować świadomość, że różni się on znacząco od wcześniejszych realizacji twórcy. Autor rozpatruje Visitors jako przykład nienarratywnej formuły avant-doc, łączącej tradycje kina awangardowego i dokumentalnego. Lektura filmu Reggio skłania go do przemyślenia nienarratywnych form sztuki ruchomych obrazów oraz pozycji widza – nie jako odbiorcy, ale kogoś, kto jest głównym producentem znaczeń i w istocie sam staje się storytellerem.
EN
In Visitors (2013), Godfrey Reggio uses the fundamental formal procedures characteristic of his authorial style: the alternation of slow-motion and time-lapse cinematography and the synergic relationship between the images and Philip Glass’s music, which constitutes a kind of rhythmic score that determines the final editing. Although the film can be seen as another part of the Qatsi trilogy, making it a tetralogy, one should, at the same time, remain aware that it differs significantly from the filmmaker’s earlier works. The author considers Visitors as an example of a non- -narrative avant-doc formula, combining the traditions of avant-garde and documentary cinema. Reading Reggio’s film makes him rethink non-narrative moving image art forms and the position of the viewer – not as a recipient of the stories presented to him, but as someone who is the producer of meaning and – in fact – becomes a storyteller himself.
EN
The analytical method used in the text refers to the article by Ryszard Nycz, Intertextual Poetics: Traditions and Perspectives, in which he defines intertextuality as a category defining the construction and meaning of the text (work of art), making its creation and reception dependent on the presence of other texts and architexts. Philip Glass’ Symphony No. 5 “Requiem, Bardo and Nirmanakaya” is noted for the presence of numerous other texts and architexts. These are the ideas of Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism, multiculturalism, the reference to the ideas of Romanticism, and to the oratorio genres. The relationship of the 5th Symphony with the ideas of Tibetan Buddhism is reflected, among others, by the use of the texts from The Tibetan Book of the Dead and Shantideva’s Bodhicaryavatara (A Guide to the Boddhisattva’s Way of Life). The connection with the Hindu tradition manifests itself in the use of the texts from the Rig Veda, the Bhagavad Gita, and The Vishnu-Purana. The multiculturalism of Symphony No. 5 is reflected in the use of literary texts taken from a number of different sources. The reference to Romantic style in the Symphony No. 5 is manifested in such features as: melodious vocal parts, neotonality, varied formal structures, predominant use of homophony, contrasting various types of expression in different movements, and the occurrence of great culminations. In the “macroform” of the work the idea of the three parts is highlighted, which binds it to the cyclical form typical of the symphony. As noted by R. Maycock (2002), the sequence of the three themes discussed in the symphony: (1) creation and pre-creation myths, (2) fundamental problems of life and death, (3) visions of apocalypse and paradise and reference to the future, is reflected in the three sections of the composition plan. The relationship with the oratorio genre is demonstrated by setting the piece in 12 vocal-instrumental movements and the important role of the choir.
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