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1

Recovered Territories in Source Materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas: Selected Examples of Socio-Cultural Change in Post-Migration Areas

100%
Drożdż A.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
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2021
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vol. 31
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issue 3
213 - 224
EN
After the Second World War, significant territorial changes took place in Poland. As a result of the decisions at Yalta and Potsdam, Silesia, the Lubusz lands, Western and Eastern Pomerania, Warmia, and Masuria were granted to Poland, while the so-called Eastern Borderlands were taken away from Poland. This resulted in the forced migration of several million citizens. The displaced German population was replaced by Polish settlers from the regions which ended up outside the country’s eastern border after the war, as well as from other parts of the country. It was a voluntary migration resulting from a desire to improve own material situation, and a forced migration based on political decisions adopted by the then government. The new settlers faced different natural and cultural conditions in the new place. Despite war damage, western villages and towns made a great impression on the new arrivals. The civilisation development was most surprising. Contact with a different social environment often caused a culture shock. This situation forced those displaced and those newly resettled to test their own standards and values. Materials collected within the “Polish Ethnographic Atlas” project can contribute to the research on strategies for building a new identity in post-migration areas, as well as strategies related to the memory of the place of origin. These materials represent an interesting and still little recognised source of knowledge. The interviewers’ personal data and records, concerning mainly the processes of spreading selected cultural elements, are most notable.
2

The Polish Ethnographic Atlas: Research Achievements and Prospects

88%
Pieńczak A.
Ethnologia Actualis
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2015
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vol. 15
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issue 2
81-94
EN
In 1998, the source materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas - collected over many decades with the participation of the Institute of History of Material Culture (a unit of the Polish Academy of Sciences) and several leading ethnological centres - were moved to the Cieszyn Branch of the University of Silesia (currently the Faculty of Ethnology and Education). It was then that Z. Kłodnicki, the editor of the PEA, came up with the idea to continue and finish the atlas studies. However, the work on fulfilling the PEA, the biggest project in the history of Polish ethnology, is still going on. Nowadays, the materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas constitute a precious, unique in the national scale, documentary base. For several years, a lively cooperation has taken place between the PEA staff (representing the Faculty of Ethnology and Education of the University of Silesia) and various cultural institutions, government and non-government organizations. The discussed projects are usually aimed at the preservation and protection of the cultural heritage of the Polish village as well as the broadly related promotion actions for activating local communities. The workers of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas since 2014 have been also implementing the Ministry grant entitled The Polish Ethnographic Atlas - scientific elaboration, electronic database, publication of the sources in the Internet, stage I (scientific supervision: Ph.D. Agnieszka Pieńczak). What is an integral assumption of the discussed project is the scientific elaboration of three electronic catalogues, presenting the PEA resources: 1) field photographs (1955-1971) 2) the questionnaires concerning folk collecting (1948-1952), 3. the published maps (1958-2013). These materials have been selected due to their documentary value. The undertaking has brought about some measurable effects, mostly the special digital platform www.archiwumpae.us.edu.pl. This material database of ethnographic data might become the basis for designing various non-material activities aimed at preserving the cultural heritage of the Polish village.
3
Content available remote

The digital platform of the polish ethnographic atlas - from Idea to implementation

75%
Pieńczak A.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2018
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vol. 105
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issue 4
459-473
EN
With growing frequency, many digitalization projects aimed at the popularization of various issues concerning so-called traditional culture have been implemented in East-Central Europe over the past years. To meet the current needs associated with easy access to ethnological information, the Research Team of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas, functioning within the Faculty of Ethnology and Education (seated in Cieszyn) of the University of Silesia in Katowice, has undertaken an innovative attempt to process, digitalize and provide access to atlas materials (the deposit of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences). Since 2014, the Faculty of Ethnology and Education in Cieszyn has been running the project Polski Atlas Etnograficzny – opracowanie naukowe, elektroniczny katalog danych, publikacja zasobów w sieci Internet, etap I / Polish Ethnographic Atlas – scientific elaboration, electronic database, publishing resources on the internet, stage I. The Polish Ethnographic Atlas is the only ethnographic archive in Poland which covers the whole area of the country. The PEA archives are a unique source of information on the history of rural Poland, collected by ethnographers, ethnologists and folklorists in the second half of the 20th century. However, they have been insufficiently disseminated. This study is aimed at disseminating the effects of the research project under discussion, with a special focus on the specificity of the unique digital platform of the PEA, which functions as the Cyfrowe Archiwum Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego / Digital Archive of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas. Currently, there are three collections of ethnographic data available on the platform: the photographs of the PEA (1954–1971), all published maps (1958– 2013) and the PEA questionnaires on the collection of wild plants for consumption and healing purposes (questionnaires with the numbers I–IV) (1947–1953) – about 13,200 objects. All the collections are worth sharing as they are of particular historical value for people interested in rural culture and are the most typical atlas activity.
4
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The State of Atlas Studies in Poland and Russia into Folk Demonology (On the Example of Zmora and Other Mythological Creatures with Features in Common)

75%
Pieńczak A., Миронова П.
Slavia Orientalis
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2020
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vol. LXIX
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issue 3
5
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Wigilijne tradycje kulinarne osadników na Dolnym Śląsku w świetle materiałów źródłowych Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego

51%
Drożdż A.
Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne
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2022
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vol. 22
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issue 1
EN
The text discusses the content of the source materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas relating to the culinary customs accompanying the celebration. Information from settlers and displaced people who came to Lower Silesia (current borders of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship) after World War II was taken into account. First of all, the researchers’ records and representations of the memory of the interviewees concerning Christmas Eve dishes eaten in their new place of residence were analyzed. These messages indicated both the process of transmission of some culinary traditions brought by the settlers and the changes taking place under the influence of intercultural contacts. The newcomers brought with them the knowledge of dishes appropriate for times of fasting. The most popular products were groats, selected vegetables (previously preserved) and forest mushrooms foraged in autumn. Despite the fact that the settlers came from different places, the dishes they prepared had almost the same composition; only the methods of their preparation and serving showed some differences. The status of these dishes was not uniform; some of them were still common during the research, while in the case of others, a gradual departure from the tradition of eating them was noticed. The impulse for these transformations was contact with people who often had very different culinary traditions.
PL
W tekście została omówiona zawartość materiałów źródłowych Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego odnoszących się do zwyczajów kulinarnych towarzyszących świętowaniu. Uwzględnione zostały wiadomości pochodzące od osadników i przesiedleńców, przybyłych na Dolny Śląsk (obecne granice województwa dolnośląskiego) po II wojnie światowej. Przeanalizowane zostały przede wszystkim zapisy badaczy i reprezentacje pamięci rozmówców dotyczące potraw wigilijnych spożywanych w nowym miejscu zamieszkania. Wiadomości te wskazywały zarówno na proces transmisji niektórych tradycji kulinarnych przywiezionych przez osadników, jak również na zmiany zachodzące pod wpływem kontaktów międzykulturowych. Nowoprzybyli przywieźli ze sobą znajomość potraw o postnym składzie. Do najpopularniejszych produktów należały kasze, wybrane warzywa (wcześniej poddane procesowi konserwacji) oraz zebrane jesienią grzyby leśne. Pomimo, iż osadnicy pochodzili z różnych stron, to przygotowywane przez nich dania posiadały niemal ten sam skład, jedynie sposoby ich przygotowania i serwowania wykazywały pewne różnice. Status tych potraw nie był jednorodny; niektóre z nich cieszyły się powszechnością jeszcze w czasie badań, w przypadku innych zauważono stopniowe odchodzenie od tradycji ich spożywania. Impulsem do tych przekształceń był kontakt z osobami posiadającymi nieraz bardzo odmienne tradycje kulinarne.
6
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Metoda etnogeograficzna w ukazywaniu zróżnicowania kulturowego w mikroskali. Przykład pożywienia wigilijnego na Śląsku Cieszyńskim

51%
Księżnik K.
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2022
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vol. 28
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issue 2
125-161
EN
The article is the first attempt to familiarize with the possibilities of using the ethnogeographic method to present cultural diversification in a microscale (in the case of Cieszyn Silesia). Among other things in the text, the following are brought closer: the specificity of the ethnogeographic method, the current state of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas studies on traditional (also Christmas Eve) food, the specificity of the analysed source materials, and the general context of celebrating the Christmas Eve in Cieszyn Silesia. However, the research focus is on an attempt to show the cultural diversity of several villages in Cieszyn Silesia in the early 21st century on nine ethnographic maps, for the first time elaborated in a (regional) microscale. At the same time, the following questions are raised: 1) Do the Christmas Eve dishes served in the examined villages in the early 21st century preserve the cultural specificity of Cieszyn Silesia?; 2) Are the examined villages relatively culturally homogeneous or do they distinguish against the background of the others?; 3) Can the ethnogeographic method enable the presentation of cultural diversification in smaller territories?
PL
Celem artykułu jest pierwsza próba przybliżenia możliwości wykorzystania metody etnogeograficznej do ukazywania zróżnicowania kulturowego w mikroskali (przykład Śląska Cieszyńskiego). W tekście przybliżono m.in. specyfikę metody etnogeograficznej, stan dotychczasowych badań Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego nad pożywieniem ludowym (w tym wigilijnym), ogólny kontekst świętowania wigilii Bożego Narodzenia na Śląsku Cieszyńskim. Szerzej skupiono się jednak na próbie przedstawienia zróżnicowania kulturowego kilkunastu wsi Śląska Cieszyńskiego na początku XXI w. na dziewięciu mapach etnogeograficznych, po raz pierwszy opracowanych w mikroskali (regionalnej). Autorka stawia jednocześnie następujące pytania: 1) Czy potrawy wigilijne podawane w badanych wsiach na początku XXI w. zachowują specyfikę kulturową Śląska Cieszyńskiego?; 2) Czy omawiane wsie są jednorodne pod względem kulturowym, czy może wyróżniają się na tle pozostałych?; 3) Czy za pomocą metody etnogeograficznej można ukazać zróżnicowanie kulturowe na mniej rozległych obszarach?
7
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“Young people don’t even know the dish…” Disappearing day-to-day dishes in the memories of settlers in Lower Silesia Analysis of selected materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas

51%
Drożdż A.
Zeszyty Wiejskie
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2023
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vol. 29
115-137
PL
Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie stanu wiedzy na temat potraw dawnych, przywiezionych po zakończeniu II wojny światowej na Dolny Śląsk przez osadników i przesiedleńców ze wschodnich rubieży kraju oraz Kresów Wschodnich. Badany region jest obszarem postmigracyjnym, w obrębie którego w okresie powojennym dochodziło do procesów przewartościowania, przejmowania lub zarzucania elementów dziedzictwa kulturowego przywiezionego, jak i zastanego. Procesy te dotyczyły również dziedzictwa kulinarnego. Problematyka tradycji kulinarnych dość często pojawiała się w trakcie rozmów z osobami starszymi, które w swych wspomnieniach sięgały do okresu przedwojennego w rodzinnych stronach oraz do pierwszych lat powojennych po przesiedleniu. Niniejsze rozważania będą dotyczyć przede wszystkim dań płynnych – polewek/zup, rzadziej potraw gęstych i pieczonych. Tym, co je wyróżniało jest fakt, iż jeszcze w kilka lat po przesiedleniu były przygotowywane, niemniej stopniowo traciły swą popularność, by w końcu ulec zarzuceniu. Interesujące wiadomości na ten temat przynoszą materiały źródłowe, zebrane w czasie badań terenowych, w ramach projektu Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego. Podstawą źródłową będą wiadomości zgromadzone w oparciu o kwestionariusz „Ludowa kultura materialna”.
EN
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the state of knowledge of age-old foods brought to Lower Silesia after the end of World War II by settlers and resettlers from the eastern corners of the country and the Eastern Borderlands. The studied region is a post-migration area, within which – in the post-war period – there were processes of reevaluation, adopting or abandoning elements of the new and found cultural heritage. These processes also involved culinary heritage. The issue of culinary traditions surfaced quite often during conversations with elderly people, who in their recollections reached back to the pre-war period in their hometowns and to the first post-war years after resettlement. The present discussion will focus primarily on liquid dishes – soups/pottages, less often on thick and baked dishes. What distinguished them is the fact that they were still prepared a few years after resettlement, but nevertheless, gradually lost their popularity and eventually were abandoned. Interesting details on the subject are provided by source materials collected during field research, as part of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas project. The source basis will be the information obtained in the questionnaire “People’s material culture.”
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