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Political correctness, czyli o etycznej wrażliwości języka

100%

Leśniak A.

Studia Ekonomiczne

2017

vol. 313

147-160

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja zjawiska politycznej poprawności i jej wpływu na językową komunikację. Wyrastając ze słusznego skądinąd programu sprawiedliwości i otwartości na drugiego człowieka, ma w swym podstawowym zamierzeniu polegać na unikaniu w dyskursie publicznym stosowania obraźliwych słów i zwrotów oraz zastępować je wyrażeniami bardziej neutralnymi. Opiera się na założeniu, że stosowanie obraźliwego, atakującego języka przyczynia się do zwiększenia poziomu uprzedzeń oraz wyrządza krzywdę przedstawicielom dyskryminowanych grup. Co jednak zrobić, jeśli tego typu działania mogą służyć wprowadzaniu językowej autocenzury lub być początkiem manipulacji, tym bardziej, że nieuchronne stają się nawiązania i porównania do orwellowskiej nowomowy, a to znane nam z historii doświadczenia.

The purpose of this article is to present the phenomenon of political correctness and its impact on the linguistic communication. Growing up with the right program of justice and openness to the other person has in their primary intention to rely on avoiding the public discourse the use of offensive words and phrases and replace them with more neutral expressions. It is based on the assumption that the use of offensive, attacking language helps to increase the level of prejudices and harms representatives of discriminated groups. But what if this type of activity can help to implement the linguistic self-censorship or to be the beginning of manipulation, perhaps more sophisticated and at a higher level, but still, all the more reason, that references and comparisons to Orwellian newspeak are becoming inevitable, and these are the experiences we know from history.

Deconstructionism And Language Shift – The Scientific Troubles Of Political Correctness

99%

Simon C.

Media Literacy and Academic Research

2020

vol. 3

issue 1

46-56

Deconstructionism teaches us, that power lies within language, or rather that power decides, what language is supposed to mean. The old question asked in Alice in Wonderland: „Who decides, what words mean?“ builds up to the discrepancy in any language between the individual speaker’s intention and his or her position in the political power hierarchy. In recent decades calls for a more humane language have arisen, giving birth to movements of political correctness in the Western hemisphere, making it an issue of globalisation being fairly paired with left-wing ideology, making everyday conversation a subject of critique, calling for normative changes in language and ultimately facing the same question everywhere: Does it in fact help? This paper will shed light on the empirical linguistic knowledge we possess on the connection between form and content, going back to De Saussure and following the discourse of language and power in an historical manner, thus taking a hard look at the theoretical background of the dynamics of power and language, building a chronology of deconstructivist theorists like Derrida, Foucault, Bourdieu, and Barthes. These theories will be paralleled with the so-called linguistic turn from its beginning to the nowadays so popular Neo-Whorfian approach. Finally the deconstructivist method will be put in contrast to what we know about the connection between language on action following John Austin, circling back to the postmodern discursive approach known in everyday life: The language policing of everyday conversations by individual speakers, representing the deconstructivist movement, comparing it to the empirical data about language and culture, the named and the unnamed, empowerment and the mechanics of language shifting that were subject to studies already more than a hundred years ago, focusing on the shift of meaning and tabooing of vocabulary, dissecting what critics of political correctness call the „euphemism treadmill“, building up to the effects of political correctness we have come to experience so far. The goal is to finally answer the question, whether language policing and the growing public attention to the use of language do have an egalitarian effect on reality.

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Political correctness, czyli o etycznej wrażliwości języka

Deconstructionism And Language Shift – The Scientific Troubles Of Political Correctness