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Pottery production in Egypt: the Chaîne Opératoire as a heuristic tool

100%
Nicholson P.
Studies in Ancient Art and Civilization
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2017
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vol. 21
25-52
EN
The main steps in the production of pottery are well known and are often similar across much of the world. However, the loci of production where such steps took place, namely the workshops/workspaces, have traditionally attracted less attention from Egyptologists than have the major religious and funerary monuments. In the past three decades or so, however, there has been an increased emphasis on settlement archaeology and ‘daily life’ and this shift has increased the importance of understanding production loci. This paper attempts to use the concept of the chaîne opératoire in association with spatial information in the way which Monteix (2016) has done in his study of Pompeian bakeries in an attempt to better understand the layout of workshops and to identify potential gaps in the archaeological record.
2

“Shaping” and “Painting” during the Early Bronze Age: the Case-study of Pottery of Colle della Croce (Scicli, Ragusa)

100%
Veca C.
Open Archaeology
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2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
Pottery technology, although largely neglected in studies of the Sicilian Early Bronze Age (Castelluccio culture, 2200-1450 BC), represents a strategic field of research for focusing on main steps of manufacturing of Castelluccian vessels. In this perspective, the evidence from the archaeological deposit of Colle della Croce (Scicli, Ragusa) has allowed us to emphasise some new technical features that can be observed in the production within other cultural districts. The most significant phase of the study was the autoptic examination of materials and surfaces that led to the definition of this production as medium and coarse ware, with the use of different kinds of technical solutions in relation to different uses and functions. The manufacturing techniques, especially when surface treatment is clearly recognizable on fragmentary specimens, can be conditioned by several factors, such as the shape type and the function of the vessel. Features such as working plans and supporting systems were observed quite frequently, as well as polishing techniques and joints slots for the handles that could be interpreted as ‘workshop standards’ rather than simply local traditions.
3
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The pottery from the site of Wakarida

100%
Benoist A., Bernard V., Verdellet C.
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
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2020
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vol. 29(1)
EN
Excavations carried out between 2012 and 2014 at Wakarida in north-eastern Tigray has brought to light a huge quantity of pottery distributed in the different levels identified on the site. This contribution presents the different pottery assemblages collected and proposes a periodization of the occupation of Wakarida city in two main periods called Period I and Period II, with period I including two successive phases (IA and IB). Pottery comparisons and 14C dating allow a first dating of both assemblages.
4
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Pottery from Burgut Kurgan and Kayrit Oasis, Preliminary Report for Season 2015

86%
Lhuillier J.
Studia Hercynia
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2016
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vol. 20
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issue 2
112-121
EN
This report – making part of a series of mutually related texts – evaluates a newly uncovered assemblage of Yaz I pottery from the Czech‑Uzbekistani‑French excavations at the site of Burgut Kurgan, south Uzbekistan. This body of material shows remarkable characteristics, linking it with related Handmade Painted Ware cultures both to the north and to the southwest of Burgut Kurgan.
5
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Study of Pottery Technology in Kura-Araxes Culture of Astanakroud 2 Site of Kojur County Using Petrographic Method

86%
REZAEI M. H., MASJEDI KHAK P., MOTAVALI RAMEH A.
Historia i Świat
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2023
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issue 12
97–110
EN
The pottery samples under investigation in this study include the findings of the Astankroud 2 Site in the Kojur region of western Mazandaran Province. The site was uncovered during an archaeological survey of the region in 2010 and has been thus far the easternmost site of Kura-Araxes. Considering the importance of discussions concerning the characteristics of this culture and the reasons for its spread in a vast geographic area extending from the southern coast of the Caspian Sea to the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea, 15 pottery pieces of Kura-Araxes were subject to petrographic study in order to determine the mineralogy structure of the pottery recovered from Astanakroud Site. The experiments on these pieces were conducted using a polarizing microscope (James Swift) at the Petrographic Laboratory of the Institute for Protection and Restoration of Works affiliated with Cultural Heritage Research. According to the results of experiments, it was revealed that all the pottery had been locally produced. A petrographic study of Astanakroud pottery reveals that the pottery has been produced using soil resulting from erosion of geological structure in the northern part of the Kojur region (with volcanic structure) that has been washed up by natural currents traversing the valleys of Nimvar, Avil, and Kouhpar to the foot of the site.
6
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Deconstructing the ‘Greekness’ of Bactrian pottery. On the Greek-Mediterranean influences on the local pottery production in Bactria during the Hellenistic period

72%
Junker K.
Studia Hercynia
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 2
42-63
EN
It is often assumed that the Hellenistic pottery production in Bactria was highly influenced by Mediterranean ceramic shapes, a process, which was mainly caused by the settling of Greek immigrants. Nevertheless, the implementation of new pottery shapes is the result of a local transformation process, that had already begun before the Macedonian conquest. The first evidence of Greek -Mediterranean shapes and decoration techniques, which were produced in Bactrian pottery workshops, are dated to the Greco -Bactrian phase, most likely to the 2nd century BC. Since their number is limited in relation to the whole pottery collections, the assumed Greek influence should not have been too significant. Throughout the early Hellenistic phase (late 4th and 3rd centuryBC) new pottery shapes and techniques were introduced in Bactria, like the so -called fish -plate, which are thought to mark the Greek -Mediterranean influence on the local pottery production. Because of their morphological differences to Mediterranean types, these shapes cannot be identified as a Greek -Mediterranean vessel. Only with the emergence of the Greco -Bactrian dynasty does a Greek influenced pottery production appear to become observable at a few sites, mainly in Ai Khanoum (2nd century BC). One of these shapes is the mould -made relief bowl, also known as a Megarian bowl. It was produced first in Athens at the end of the 3rd century BC and appears in Bactria probably not earlier than the 2nd century BC. But the most frequent vessels stand in the local tradition, like the so -called Bactrian cup -bowl and attest the actual character of the Bactrian pottery. Consequently, the assumed strong Greek influence on the Bactrian pottery is in my opinion overstated in scholarly discourse.
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A systematic survey of Ardashir Palace’s Stronghold at Tol-e Khezr, Firuzabad Plain in Fars Province, Iran

72%
ABBASNIA H., ASKARI CHAVERDI A.
Historia i Świat
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2023
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issue 12
111–138
EN
This research investigated the archaeological site of Tol-e Khezr in Firuzabad with the purpose of establishing a relative chronology. This site is among those whose pottery has been less extensively studied, and it also boasts a strategic location. Therefore, the site of Tol-e Khezr was selected for systematic sampling and investigation of its structures to ascertain its relative chronology and usage as accurately as possible. A methodical approach was chosen for the investigation of Tol-e Khezr, consisting of three steps: mapping, sampling, and documentation of the findings (including washing the pottery, registering the pottery fragments, entering the information of the findings into SPSS software, selecting the diagnostic samples, drawing the diagnostic samples, and photographing the samples). In this methodical way, 50% of all grids were sampled, with the form of every other grid. This included 30 grids of 10 x 10 meters. The number of all gathered pottery comprised 644 pieces. To interpret the pottery, we considered 12 variables for them, and the information on each piece was entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) according to these variables. One of the most essential classifications relates to the typology of Tol-e Khezr pottery forms, which parallels various surveyed and excavated areas' findings in Iran and beyond. Furthermore, the survey revealed that, in addition to typical pottery, three distinct types of ceramic were identified: coarse with raised bands, glazed (alkaline), and ceramics with a dark slip coating. At this firm, architecture and its details in visible and exposed areas were documented, described, analyzed, and compared.
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Nieznane cmentarzysko ludności kultury łużyckiej z Kępki Szlacheckiej, pow. włocławski

72%
Purowski T.
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2022
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vol. LXXIII
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issue 73
241-244
EN
In the 1950s, cremation graves of the Lusatian Culture were discovered by chance at Kępka Szlachecka. The archaeological site is located on a hill surrounded to the south and west by Kępskie Lake and to the east by the River Lubieńka (Fig. 1, 3, 4). Two small earthen vessels and few fragments of cremated human bones have survived to this day in the hands of private owners. It is known that at least one more, larger, vessel – a cinerary urn, now lost – complemented the assemblage. The preserved pottery consists of:1. A small amphora, decorated at the base of the neck with a horizontal groove (Fig. 2:a–c); 2. A small cup or mug (Fig. 2:d–f). The dimensions of the artefacts suggest that they served as accessory vessels. The dating of the pottery falls within a broad chronological range extending from Bronze Age IV to Hallstatt D. The cemetery at Kępka Szlachecka has not been previously mentioned in the literature. A map of the Archaeological Polish Record shows five archaeological sites located to the north of Kępskie Lake (Fig. 3), but only one of them (no. 4) yielded three pottery sherds that may date to the time of the development of the Lusatian Culture.
PL
W latach 50. XX wieku w Kępce Szlacheckiej zostały przypadkowo znalezione groby ciałopalne ludności kultury łużyckiej. Stanowisko archeologiczne położone jest na wzniesieniu otoczonym od południa i zachodu Jeziorem Kępskim, zaś od wschodu – rzeką Lubieńką (Ryc. 1; 4). Obecnie niewielka część odkrytych przedmiotów znajduje się w rękach prywatnych. Do dziś przetrwały dwa nieduże naczynia gliniane oraz pojedyncze fragmenty przepalonych kości ludzkich. Wiadomo, że zbiór uzupełniała przynajmniej większa popielnica, która zaginęła. Zachowana ceramika to: 1. Mała amfora, zdobiona u nasady szyjki poziomo rytą bruzdą (Ryc. 2:a-c). 2. Niewielki czerpak lub kubek (Ryc. 2:d-f). Opisane przedmioty są pozostałością po zniszczonym grobie ciałopalnym ludności kultury łużyckiej. Wymiary naczyń glinianych wskazują, że w przeszłości pełniły funkcję przystawek. Ceramikę można datować w szerokim przedziale chronologicznym, od IV okresu epoki brązu do podokresu Hallstatt D. Nekropola z Kępki Szlacheckiej nie była do tej pory znana w literaturze. Na mapie AZP na północ od Jeziora Kępskiego zlokalizowanych jest 5 stanowisk archeologicznych (ryc. 3), ale tylko na jednym (nr 4) znaleziono 3 fragmenty ceramiki, które być może pochodzą z czasu rozwoju kultury łużyckiej.
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