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EN
Al-Munāǧāt in its two extant versions belongs to the shortest writings of Šihāb ad-Dīn Yaḥyà as-Suhrawardī (1154-1191), the founder of Illuminationist school of Islamic philosophy. The article aims at analyzing the philosophical terminology that this prayer is composed of. It demonstrates how much the terminology agrees with that used in his other works and how the prayer combines some major elements of the thought of As-Suhrawardī in a very concise form. All it is done based on the critical edition of the text as well as Polish translation by the author.
EN
The idea of meditation is a multivocal expression in current discourse. First, there is a need to proceed from the context of semantics. The fact is that the usual level of usage of this term covers several levels of understanding: meditation as a mental prayer in the Christian tradition; the method of internalization with Eastern, non­‑Christian spiritual movements; the reflection of excerpts of holy Islamic texts; or a philosophical treatise, a literary essay or a psychotherapy technique including popularizing approaches to the usage of this term (meditative music or meditation with a picture). That is why the term meditation is part of broader elements in religious life and, being a phenomenon of human culture and religiousness, has common features. At the same time, however, the term Christian meditation has principal and unmistakable specifics. The biblical basis of early monastic practice, expressed in the terms meditari – meditatio, determines the use of criterion as to what meditation is from the Christian and theological point. The starting point for understanding the relationship between the Scripture reading and the oldest forms of meditation is monastic religiousness, when the reading of Scripture became a certain kind of sacrament and an important guideline for searching one’s conscience. In meditation Christ gives himself to us as nourishment.
EN
In the paper, one of the oldest Syriac Anaphora of St. James was analyzed in its present form. Numerous words and phrases related to God’s mercy are compared to those used in modern Jewish prayers. Even though Jewish and Christian prayer traditions split long ago, there are still too many common details. Jews and Christians use even similar phrases seeking God’s mercy. This is particularly observable in the case of phrases related to atonement and sins, where Syriac Anaphora uses typical Jewish terms absent in the Western tradition represented by the Roman Catholic Church. The similar understanding and similar lexical forms in the living prayer tradition known to every religious Jew and Christian are emphasized.
EN
The goal of this article is recollection of traditional forms of penance often called; Three Good Deeds: fasting, almsgiving and prayer. Looking at the main object of these reflections from the point of view of social moral theology allows one to see how influential are these three good deeds on one’s life, in the fulfillment of oneself, in the relationship with God as well as in the relationship with others. Apart from the above and through the use of Biblical tradition, teaching of the Fathers and the rich teaching of the Church, it also reflects on their source of vitality from antiquity to modern times. The final part of the research focuses on threats in practicing these three good deeds, which includes: secularism, lost sense of sin, consumerism, and permissivism. It is worth mentioning that this refection gains an additional value during this “year of faith,” especially if interpreted in the context of living faith. Often due to the lack of faith fasting, almsgiving and prayer are forgotten and misunderstood.
EN
The basis of the analysis is the anonymous publication Prayer for the preservation of purity, dated back to the second half of the 18th century. Academic reflection in the article focuses on the text indicated in the title, bulleted warnings, regarding benefits and methods of maintaining purity, the dangers which a virtuous lady should be wary of and also prayers to Mary, Jesus, and the saints, at the text’s conclusion. The aims of the analysis are to characterize the composition, find its purpose, and the elements it contains relating to the catechism, admonition and the bill of conscience. Discussion of the method of realization of a model of prayer is especially relevant for concrete, sociologically defined group of recipients. Contemporary eschatological perceptions and realities of the environment (salon flirtation, provocative dress) are cited as part of the context for the academic analysis. The investigation is completed with remarks on the relationship of the discussed text with warnings on maintaining the virtue of purity, issued by the Carmelite Jakub Kulczycki (1796).
PL
Podstawą rozważań podjętych w rozprawie jest anonimowy druk Modlitwa o zachowanie czystości, datowany na drugą połowę XVIII wieku. Refleksją badawczą objęte są: tekst wskazany w tytułowej formule edycji, wypunktowane przestrogi, dotyczące pożytków i sposobów zachowania czystości oraz a także niebezpieczeństw, których powinna wystrzegać się cnotliwa panna, a także zamieszczone na końcu modlitwy do Maryi, Jezusa i świętych. Podjęte rozważania mają na celu charakterystykę kompozycji i przeznaczenia tego zbioru, a także zawartych w nim elementów, znamiennych dla katechizmu, parenezy i rachunku sumienia. Szczególnie istotne jest omówienie sposobu realizacji wzorca gatunkowego modlitwy przeznaczonej dla konkretnego, socjologicznie określonego kręgu odbiorców. Na potrzeby podjętych rozważań przywołane są również informacje na temat ówczesnych wyobrażeń eschatologicznych oraz realiów środowiskowych (salonowy flirt, wyzywający ubiór). Całości dociekań dopełniają uwagi dotyczące związków omawianego druku z przestrogami o zachowaniu cnoty czystości, wydanymi przez karmelitę Jakuba Kulczyckiego (1796).
EN
The paper presents Augustine’s exegesis of curses and imprecations in the Psalms, as present in his Enarrationes in Psalmos. Firstly, the early stage of his interpretation of curses as prophecy is exhibited. Secondly, a major broadening of Augustine’s hermeneutics is shown, due to his acquaintance with Tyconius’s exegetical rules. Thirdly, a study of exemplary verses demonstrates that all seven of Tyconius’s rules are present in Augustine’s interpretation of the Psalms. This attests that Augustine’s allegorical exegesis of the cursing psalms is not arbitrary, but remains faithful to the Bishop’s approach to the interpretation of other difficult biblical texts.
Verbum Vitae
|
2011
|
vol. 20
115-138
EN
The idea of God’s fatherhood seems very obvious in the Sermon on the Mount. Jesus presents God as the Father who wants all what is good for all His children and invites all His children for a deep, spontaneous and intimate rela­tionship with Him. The idea of God’s fatherhood is present especially in the prayer which Jesus taught His disciples. The “Our Father” is a Christian prayer but it has Jewish roots. Jesus was a Hebrew and prayed according to Jewish faith. The structure of “Our Father” is as follows: invoca­tion followed by seven requests. The contents of the prayer reveal many references to Jewish prayers, known already at the time of Jesus (Abinu malkenu, Kaddish, Shemoneh Esreh). The similarities between “Our Father” and vari­ous prayers of the Jews do not exclude uniqueness of the prayer which Jesus taught His disciples. The idea of God’s fatherhood is present also in other parts of the Sermon on the mountain: the blessings of the peacemakers (Mt 5,9), the role of the disciples (Mt 5,13-16), love for enemies (Mt 5,43-45); the call to follow Christ (Mt 5,48); the Father who sees in secret (Mt 6,1-6.1618); Father’s forgiveness (Mt 6,14-15); Father’s care (Mt 6,25-34); Father’s good­ness (Mt 7,7-11) and God’s fatherly will (Mt 7,21). All these passages, just like the prayer “Our Father”, underline the importance of filial trust in God as the Father.
PL
The idea of God’s fatherhood seems very obvious in the Sermon on the Mount. Jesus presents God as the Father who wants all what is good for all His children and invites all His children for a deep, spontaneous and intimate rela­tionship with Him. The idea of God’s fatherhood is present especially in the prayer which Jesus taught His disciples. The “Our Father” is a Christian prayer but it has Jewish roots. Jesus was a Hebrew and prayed according to Jewish faith. The structure of “Our Father” is as follows: invoca­tion followed by seven requests. The contents of the prayer reveal many references to Jewish prayers, known already at the time of Jesus (Abinu malkenu, Kaddish, Shemoneh Esreh). The similarities between “Our Father” and vari­ous prayers of the Jews do not exclude uniqueness of the prayer which Jesus taught His disciples. The idea of God’s fatherhood is present also in other parts of the Sermon on the mountain: the blessings of the peacemakers (Mt 5,9), the role of the disciples (Mt 5,13-16), love for enemies (Mt 5,43-45); the call to follow Christ (Mt 5,48); the Father who sees in secret (Mt 6,1-6.1618); Father’s forgiveness (Mt 6,14-15); Father’s care (Mt 6,25-34); Father’s good­ness (Mt 7,7-11) and God’s fatherly will (Mt 7,21). All these passages, just like the prayer “Our Father”, underline the importance of filial trust in God as the Father.
EN
Saint Teresa of Ávila intrinsically connects discernment of the spirits with her principal theme of inner prayer. The main constituents of her doctrine of prayer (obedience, humility, charity, detachment) also represent key motifs in her view on discernment. From this perspective, Santa Teresa’s sparse assertions can be integrated into a coherent doctrine on discernment of the spirits, founded in her deep religious experience. Discernment emerges as the core of Christian life and the genuine way in which the Divine Friend gives light for choices that make human persons grow in virtues and in inner freedom.
PL
Święta Teresa z Avili łączy rozeznawanie duchów z jej głównym tematem wewnętrznej modlitwy. Główne elementy jej doktryny na temat modlitwy (posłuszeństwo, pokora, miłość, dystans) stanowią również kluczowe motywy w jej spojrzeniu na rozeznawanie duchów. Z tej perspektywy skąpe stwierdzenia Świętej Teresy mogą być włączone w spójną doktrynę rozeznawania duchów opartą na jej głębokim doświadczeniu religijnym. Rozeznawanie jawi się jako rdzeń życia chrześcijańskiego i ważny sposób, w jaki Boski Przyjaciel daje światło dla wyborów, które sprawiają, że ludzie wzrastają w cnotach i w wewnętrznej wolności.
EN
The phenomena observable during an African Christian prayer session, which is hardly ever short, quiet and devoid of externally expressed emotions, would not be unanimously described as “ecstatic” by researchers, but at least some of those praying strive towards attaining a kind of ecstatic experience or state. Traditional African religions are not ecstatic religions, but ecstatic elements form an integral part of the African experiential religiosity that found its way into the Christian expressions of religiosity. After a period of suppression, these experiences are being sought after at present, especially in the neo-Pentecostal movements, and contribute to a new dynamism of Christianity in Africa. The article, after some clarifications concerning terminology, highlights some of the ecstatic elements in the religiosity of contemporary Ghanaians.
Vox Patrum
|
2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
563-572
EN
L’auteur de cet article montre la fonction de la priere dans la fondation de l’Eglise, dans rćvćlation du mystere de l’Eglise et de la communion de l’Eglise. L’Eglise croit comme elle prie. II expliquait le sens d’adage fameux „Lex orandi, lex credendi”: la regle de la priere est la regle de la foi. Dans sa priere, l'Eglise dit ce qu’elle croit, mais aussi, coinjointement, dans sa priere l’Eglise manifeste ce qu’elle est credible.
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Mluvní akty prosebné modlitby ve Starém zákoně

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EN
After previously constructing the classification of the speech acts of faith we now address specifically the speech acts of asking in prayer in the Old Testament from the perspective of Austin’s and Searle’s theory. We firstly analyze the declarative and directive dimensions of human blessing while also considering the “sincerity condition”. Searle’s condition of “non‑obviousness”, which is valid for the request, is not relevant in the case of asking in prayer. However, it opens the field of inquiry into the perlocutionary intentions of the one who prays. The last part of the essay examines the connection between the “preparatory conditions” of asking in prayer with various relations between different speech‑acts in the discourse of prayer.
PL
Tekst przybliża ten wymiar religijności, który wiąże się bezpośrednio z życiem mieszkańców dawnej Polski. Kolejno zatem omawia następujące zagadnienia szczegółowe: 1. Tradycja i wzorce modlitwy chrześcijańskiej. 2. Definicje i znaczenie aktu modlitewnego w przekazie wybranych pism teologów siedemnastego stulecia w Polsce. 3. Różne formy modlitewnej aktywności i praktyk modlitewnych w życiu religijnym siedemnastego wieku w Polsce. 4. Przykłady rozumienia potrzeby i wartości modlitwy w życiu codziennym: osobistym, rodzinnym i społecznym w przekazie wybranych utworów literatury barokowej. 5. Najpowszechniejsze intencje modlitewne w zwyczajach naszych przodków
EN
The text takes on a dimension which relates directly to the life of inhabitants of the old Poland. It describes the following issues in detail: 1. Tradition and patterns of a Christian prayer 2. Definition and meaning of a devout act in the tradition of selected writings of theologians from the 17th century in Poland 3. Different forms of prayerful activity and practices in the religious life of the 17th century in Poland 4. An example of understanding the need and value of a prayer in the daily life: personal, family and social life in the tradition of selected pieces of baroque literature 5. The most popular prayer intentions in the customs of our ancestors.
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