Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  RADIOCARBON DATING
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

BOTANICAL IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD CHARCOAL REMAINS AND RADIOCARBON DATING - NEW EXAMPLES OF THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TAXONOMICAL IDENTIFICATIONS PRIOR TO 14C DATING

100%
Moskal-del H. M., Kozlowski J. K.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2009
|
vol. 61
253-271
EN
This paper illustrates how radiocarbon dating of charcoals could benefit from anthracological analyses. These analyses demonstrate that some charcoal assemblages coming from archaeological sites may encounter the problem of chronologically mixed materials. As a consequence, the charcoal fragments from these contaminated contexts give 14C age measurements that differ from a relative chronology observed at the archaeological site. However, in many occasions the sources of contamination cannot be easily observed during the archaeological fieldworks. For this reason, a taxonomical analysis of charcoal remains carried out before the materials are sent to radiocarbon dating facilities may help to detect some of the stratigraphic disturbances. Furthermore, other advantages of this method are discussed. First, the botanical analysis permits to choose a taxon that better corresponds to the climatic conditions of the site. Second, it is possible to select a plant fragment that represents a short life span.
2

IWANOWICE BABIA GÓRA I AND THE SETTLEMENTS WITH BADEN CERAMICS IN LITTLE POLAND. QUESTIONS CONCERNING THEIR DURATION

100%
Furholt M., Machnik J.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2006
|
vol. 58
325-354
EN
The article discusses a cultural transition at the end of the 4th and the beginnings of the 3rd Millennia BC in Little Poland on the wide Central European background. In Carpathian Basin and in western part of Little Poland an important role played in this time the Baden culture. A new series of radiocarbon dates and a rich pottery material from the Baden features on the site Babia Góra I at Iwanowice, site 21 at Zeslawice and site 5 at Wyciaze were analysed in detailed way. In a result the authors stated that classic Baden settlements in the neighborhood of Krakow existed in a relatively short time, i.e. between 3050 and 2900 BC.
3

ARCHAEOLOGY AS THE AVANT-GARDE OF THE SCIENCES. ON THE FORM OF CALIBRATED 14C DATES

100%
Walanus M.
Archeologia Polski
|
2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1-2
129-133
EN
Radiocarbon dating is a typical example of physical measurement applied in archaeology. As in all measurements, the important thing is the random factor of measurement error. The error is determined by Gaussian probability distribution applied to the actual age of a sample (which while determined, remains unknown). This situation, which is typical of the natural sciences, physics and technology, is easy and even banal compared to what archaeologists had to face once calibration was introduced in the radiocarbon method. Presently, the complexity of the probability distribution of the actual age of the sample (already the ordinary calendar age) matches that of the form of the so-called calibration curve. It is not by accident that advanced methods of strict taking into account of a priori uncertain information, based on Bayes' theorem, have found application in archaeology. Inferences made with the benefit of high mathematical discipline make it possible to interpret as fully as possible the information contained in a calibrated date. Yet the information provided in a date hardly warrants the complicated form of the probability distribution of a calibrated age, so often cited in extenso in archaeological research. At this point matters take on a difficult turn. Computer programs for calibrating radiocarbon dates present the range of estimation in which the actual age of the sample falls with the set probability. There are two probabilities in use: 0.68 and 0.95. Archaeologists are recommended to make use of the effect of the dating in the simplest form possible: as a range corresponding to the 0.95 probability, with the assumption that it is a continuous range uninterrupted by sections of slightly lower probability values. Assuming ideal sampling and laboratory measurement conditions, it will still give an average of one date in twenty that will fall outside the given range (which, of course, we shall never be aware of).
4

RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY OF CORDED WARE CULTURE IN THE LIGHT OF DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL DATINGS OF LATE NEOLITHIC LAKE DWELLINGS IN SWITZERLAND

100%
Wlodarczak P.
Archeologia Polski
|
2007
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1-2
35-80
EN
The radiocarbon dating is the main way of determining the absolute age of Corded Ware Culture (CWC). The dominating models based on calibrated dating characterized by considerably differing interpretations due to the diverse approaches to the calibration and sample quality. The character of the calibration curve sets considerable limitations on the precise determination of calendar age. Precise age determination is sometimes impossible within a range of hundreds of years. The origins of CWC settlement, defined most often as between 2900 and 2750 B.C., falls in the time of an exceptionally vast flattening of the curve (2880-2580 B.C.). The choice of particular dates in this three-hundred-year range is the effect of an archaeologist's estimate without grounds in radiocarbon dating. The last resort for precising of the age of the oldest phase of CWC is - dendrochronological dating. Summing up, the main characteristics of the dendrochronological model include: 1. short duration of CWC (ca. 300 years); 2. a disjunctiveness of the said culture from the age of older and younger culture groups; 3. dated ceramic assemblages reveal both an enduring tradition of chosen older ceramic types and a fast pace of stylistic changes. Three clear stylistic phases are in evidence. On the other hand, the CWC chronology based on radiocarbon dates is characterized by: 1. long duration of the culture; 2. long spans of contemporaneous existence of CWC settlement and other Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age cultures; 3. with regard to the ceramic assemblages, a frequently observed 'longevity' of examined stylistic types. The scale of the listed differences forces one to consider the possibility of two such separate realities. The quality and accuracy of the data call for greater credibility being granted to the dendrochronological datings and for comparing other areas to it. However, an automatic transfer of the cultural-chronological situation from one area to all the others is impossible for obvious reasons. Nonetheless, supraregional stylistic trends, characteristic of a 'pan-European horizon', for example, can be dated similarly with considerable likelihood. On the other hand, all the late local CWC groups, which also do not reveal in artefact typology any connections with Swiss territory, cannot be reliably synchronized by the radiocarbon method. It cannot be assumed in advance that the decline of CWC style occurred at a similar time in all of the areas. The chronologies based on separate dating systems feature one other fundamental difference. The dendrochronological model for the subalpine regions contains numerous time gaps between the settlement of particular cultural groups in specific territories. The nature of potential settlement is questioned for periods for which there are no dated records. The less precise 14C datings give rise to models assuming the longevity and connection between the settlement cultural units. There are no time gaps potentially existing between the age of finds to be observed based on a 14C chronology. The separate dating methods implicate a different approach and remains uncertainty caused by the possibility of such deep differences of the chronological-cultural model existing in reality. The solution is obtaining material for dendrochronological studies from central and northern Europe. 14 Figures.
5

RADIOCARBON REVOLUTION AND ‘HISTORICAL’ COUNTERREVOLUTION. CHRONOLOGY OF EUROPE, EURASIA AND CHINA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 2ND MILLENNIUM BC

88%
Grigoriev S.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2020
|
vol. 68
|
issue suppl 1
171 – 177
EN
A significant problem in archaeology is the inconsistency between the radiocarbon chronology and the chronology built on the Near Eastern written sources. At the same time, the use of a more advanced AMS method gives younger dates that drift towards historical ones. Comparison of the Eurasian Sintashta and Seima-Turbino complexes with Near Eastern and Chinese materials, as well as with the dendrochronology of the Alpine zone, showed the closeness of these chronological systems. It follows from this that historical dates are more correct than radiocarbon dates.
6

DAWN OF THE EARLY BRONZE AGE IN SOUTH-WEST ERN SLOVAKIA. A RE-EVALUATION OF THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND CHRONOLOGY OF VÝČAPY-OPATOVCE

88%
Wilkes F., Skorna H.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2022
|
vol. 70
|
issue 1
63 – 80
EN
This paper deals with the chronology and social structure of the Early Bronze Age cemetery of Výčapy-Opatovce (Slovakia/Nitra district). Six radiocarbon dates are presented for the Nitra culture cemetery, which date Výčapy-Opatovce to the very beginning of the Early Bronze Age (2300/2200 – 1500/1400 BCE), roughly contemporaneous with the first phases of the Branč cemetery (Nitra district). A small group of graves originally attributed to the Copper Age Ludanice group also seem to date at least partially to the Bronze Age. The results of the radiocarbon dating do not support a chronological division of the cemetery. Applying a burial index (Z-transformation), five grave clusters were identified within the cemetery. These concentrations of richly furnished graves are separated from each other by poor graves. Two of the clusters could be dated by the radiocarbon dates and demonstrated different areas at the burial ground were used at the same time. The authors conclude that in particular the chronological burial site model of Ch. Bernard, which she proposed in 2005 for Výčapy-Opatovce, should be rejected. The combination of the results of the analysis of the grave indices and radiocarbon dates for Výčapy-Opatovce argues for a division of the cemetery into social groups, as initially suggested by A. Točík.
7
Content available remote

VÝŠINNÉ SÍDLISKÁ ŽIAR A VEĽKÝ BYSTEREC V KONTEXTE OSÍDLENIA SEVEROKARPATSKEJ SKUPINY NA LIPTOVE A NA ORAVE

63%
Lofajová Danielová B., Furman  M., Hajnalová  M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2023
|
vol. 70
|
issue 2
239 – 268
EN
The North Carpathian group is an archaeological culture of the central European Late Roman and Early Migration period (4th and the 5th century AD) for which high altitude settlement at difficult to access mountain locations is typical. The choice of such a location has been linked to social and political instability and the proximity of iron ore sources. Here we present archaeological material from two recently discovered and excavated sites of this culture group located in characteristic locations Žiar, southern slope of Solisko, which lies in the Liptov region and Dolný Kubín-Veľký Bysterec, Podtarnikovo in the Orava region. Radiocarbon dates on short-lived plant remains samples place both settlements to the period of the second half of the 4th to the first third of the 5th century AD. The results of our analysis of recovered material culture, topography and raw materials distribution correlated with other available data for the period in these two regions confirm 1. The availability of iron ore in the vicinity (max. 5 km) of almost every known site of the North Carpathian group, 2. Location of settlements almost exclusively at a greater distance from the main watercourses, but always in visual contact with strategic points (fords, confluences, communications). The evidence of both eco-facts and artefacts jointly demonstrate local production of plant crops and indicate permanent settlements and subsistence farming strategy. Therefore we interpret the high altitude sites of the North Carpathian group firstly as regular settlements, not refuge places which were considered by multiple authors.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.