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1

THE PLACE OF RELIGION IN A LIBERAL DEMOCRACY

100%

Francuz G.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2007

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vol. 51

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issue 2

161-179

EN

Before the concept of a liberal society arose, the conviction dominated that a condition for peaceful coexistence and cooperation was a common religion, moral doctrine or philosophy. Liberalism shows that the cohesive factor in society does not have to be the acceptance by all citizens of the same way of life or religion. According to John Rawls, political liberalism is characterised by the recognition of rational pluralism which involves the coexistence of various rational, disparate religious, philosophical and moral doctrines. The recognition of rational pluralism leads to the conviction that no religious, philosophical or moral doctrine can be politically privileged. Any attempt to reconcile the disparate doctrines ends in failure or is based on forcing others to accept the stronger doctrine. Political liberalism constitutes a practical attempt at answering the question: Is a lasting and just cooperation between free and equal citizens who are divided by rational philosophical, moral and religious doctrines possible?

2

KANT A RAWLS O NEUTRALITE LIBERÁLNEHO ŠTÁTU

61%

Cíbik M.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2011

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vol. 66

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issue 5

481-485

EN

The conflict between perfectionism and the neutrality of a liberal state is one of the burning issues of contemporary liberalism and political philosophy as a whole. The paper examines the roots of the perfectionist as well as neutralist thinking, which are found in the philosophies of Immanuel Kant and John Rawls respectively. Through the reconsideration of the latter the character of the conflict can also be redefined. The aim of the paper is to show the basic difference between the above mentioned conceptions, which in the long run appears to be an anthropological one.

3

ROZDEĽOVANIE A PREROZDEĽOVANIE AKO STELESNENIE ODLIŠNÝCH PRINCÍPOV SPRAVODLIVOSTI (ANALÝZA Z MARXOVHO HĽADISKA, ZOHĽADŇUJÚCA SÚČASNÚ EKONOMICKÚ TRANSFORMÁCIU V ČÍNE)

61%

Xiaoping W.

Filozofia (Philosophy)

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2012

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vol. 67

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issue 2

160 – 169

EN

Karl Marx never questioned distributive justice although his theoretical researches are based on his criticism of capitalism and exploitation (labour theory of value). The paper offers a comparison of the classical Marxian theory with the contemporary critical Marxian theory as well as with J. Rawls’s theory of justice with regard to applying the Marxian theory in China’s economic reform. Rawls underestimates the role of the relations of production, his theory of justice as fairness being a synthesis of the reward principle and the equality principle under the economic conditions of capitalism. The analysis of the theory and practice of China’s economic reform leads to the two conclusions: 1) Distribution and redistribution are based on different principles of justice. 2) Neither of the above mentioned principles could be used in practice without deformations, as the establishment of a fair society is too a complex task.

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THE PLACE OF RELIGION IN A LIBERAL DEMOCRACY

KANT A RAWLS O NEUTRALITE LIBERÁLNEHO ŠTÁTU

ROZDEĽOVANIE A PREROZDEĽOVANIE AKO STELESNENIE ODLIŠNÝCH PRINCÍPOV SPRAVODLIVOSTI (ANALÝZA Z MARXOVHO HĽADISKA, ZOHĽADŇUJÚCA SÚČASNÚ EKONOMICKÚ TRANSFORMÁCIU V ČÍNE)