This article outlines how different types of survey response reliability are estimated and used within the social sciences. Implementing the Classical Test Theory’s concept of reliability in a panel survey exploring opinions and attitude crystallization in a Czech town. Estimates of the test-retest reliability of respondents’ political orientation are estimated using four different approaches. Political orientation is measured using a standard 10 point left-right scale. It also estimates the ‘true score’ of a respondents’ political orientation; and shows the implications of measurement precision for the estimation of this individual level trait. Inter-item reliability is calculated using a 4 item scale composed of dichotomous indicators. This analysis reveals that the estimated reliability of the political orientation scale depends on the number of items used to construct the scale. More concretely the 10 point left-right political orientation scale exhibits a satisfactory level of test-retest reliability demonstrating its validity in making inferences about the target population. The analyses presented in this study were estimated using the R statistical programming language and LISREL – a specialized software package for estimating structural equation models.
The temporal dimension of developmental psychology can be the source of numerous errors committed in making inferences about development. In the present paper the author described the time traps into which a researcher may fall while examining developmental changes at three different stages of his/her scientific investigation: (1) operationalization of variables; (2) sampling; (3) inferring. The mentioned traps are inextricably connected with the temporal relativity of the reliability of the measurement of variables in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies; the temporal character of a sample, the composition of which changes in the process of longitudinal and sequential studies as well as the theoretical assumptions on the notion of time, which are fundamental for our understanding of developmental changes.
The article stressed the importance of resource saturation of the banking institutions, which largely depends on the ability of the banking system to function, its place and role in the process of economic transformation. Analyzed the nature of ratings and their importance in the activities of banks. It is proved that the use of objective, impartial ratings is the key to restoring confidence in the banking sector of Ukraine and to attract additional deposit resources. Reviewed national and international experience of the different rankings of bank deposits, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of rating. Proposed use of the scoring method and system of evaluation of image reliability rating of the bank.
This writing revives a methodological dispute laid aside in the forties, when it puzd the standard character of surveys under scrutiny.The authors believe that the standard requirement originating in the modernist approach to survey researches, according to which questions have to be asked verbatim every time, needs to be reconsidered due to three aspects: it is unethical, unimplementable, and produces invalid results. Thus the second half of the writing suggests researchers to use an old but hitherto not widely used survey practice what we call 'flexible survey.'
Meaning in life is a core construct in quality of life research and has received substantial attention in the past decades. As a consequence, several instruments were developed to assess this construct. The first meaning in life scale designed and standardized in Europe was the Logo-Test (Lukas, 1971). Although this test has been widely used across Europe, the psychometric properties of the instrument proved to be poor in several investigations. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to develop a revised version, based on international data, and to evaluate its psychometric characteristics. The internal consistency and factor structure of the 14-item revised version (Logo-Test-R) were examined in a sample of 852 Hungarians. The internal reliability of the test was adequate (a = .75). The validity of the Logo-Test-R was evaluated in a sub-sample of 391 individuals by examining its relationship with financial state, scores in two other measures of meaning in life and further instruments assessing other quality of life indicators such as general life satisfaction, depressive symptomatology, and life goal orientation. The direction and strength of the observed connections was in accordance with expectations, thus demonstrating good construct validity of the Logo-Test-R.
This paper presents William P. Alston’s position on the reliability of sense perception. Alston claims that sense perception is one of the doxastic practices which yields beliefs about the physical world. He tries to show that sense perception is reliable – that it forms mostly true beliefs about the world. His argument consists of two steps. Firstly, he argues that it is impossible to show the reliability of sense perception without epistemic circularity. Secondly, he presents a practical argument for the reliability of sense perception. Through my reconstruction and evaluation of his argument I conclude that it is ineffective in testing the reliability of sense perception.
The article stressed the importance of resource saturation of the banking institutions, which largely depends on the ability of the banking system to function, its place and role in the process of economic transformation. Analyzed the nature of ratings and their importance in the activities of banks. It is proved that the use of objective, impartial ratings is the key to restoring confidence in the banking sector of Ukraine and to attract additional deposit resources. Reviewed national and international experience of the different rankings of bank deposits, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of rating. Proposed use of the scoring method and system of evaluation of image reliability rating of the bank.
The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to translate the Revised and Short version of the Indebtedness Scale (ISR-S) into the Turkish language and to assess its psychometric properties, and 2) to use this scale to explore the relationship of indebtedness with gratitude, happiness, and life satisfaction in Turkish culture. Four data sets covering a total of 883 Turkish university students were used. Construct validity of the Turkish ISR-S was assessed by using confirmatory factor and multi group invariance analyses, and Pearson correlation test between the measure of negative affect and the ISR-S. To examine the reliability of the scale, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha was used as an indicator of internal consistency, and also test-retest reliability computed over a period of four weeks. The results indicated that there is psychometric evidence for the unidimensional 9-item structure of the ISR-S in Turkish undergraduate students. Indebtedness was not found to be significantly correlated with gratitude, happiness and life satisfaction.
The present study examines the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale (LSRS; Riggio, 2000). A total of 578 (336 female, 242 male) Turkish emerging adults participated in this study. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test construct validity for the original six-factor model of the scale with 48 items. Results of the CFA indicated a good model fit. Furthermore, the second-order CFA result showed that the scale can be scored for both the sub-dimensions and the test as a whole. Multi-group CFA result revealed that the measured construct is invariant across the genders. The results suggested that the Turkish version of the LSRS had adequate internal consistency and construct validity, indicating that it can be reliably used to measure attitudes toward sibling relationship in emerging adulthood among a Turkish population.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.