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EN
The paper studies experience of stimulating renewable energy development in the European Union. Еnergy policy of the member states of the European Union for "green" energy sector development in the long term is considered. The existing economic mechanisms for support renewable energy in the context of stimulating of electricity generation and their advantages and disadvantages are given. The structuring variants of feed-in tariff, which is one of the most effective instrument for the rapid "green" energy development is investigated. The manuscript also analyzes the economic measures, which are used in combination with the main mechanisms for stimulate: net metering, tender schemes, investment grants, tax credits, subsidies, etc. The results of the effect of the regulation policy on the RE development are described. The principal barriers to increasing the renewable energy sources competitiveness in energy markets of the European Union are defined.
EN
In this paper the methodical approaches to the assessment of the electricity cost from renewable energy sources under tradable green certificates system were developed. The proposed approaches are based on the experience of developed countries and technical and economic features of the renewable energy projects realization in Ukraine. The presented methodical approaches are designed to ensure the formation of the "green" electricity price, which will take into account the actual cost of its generation, will provide an adequate level of investment projects profitability and will create equal conditions for the development of various renewable energy technologies. The algorithms for calculation of electricity cost from renewable energy sources by the Levelized Cost of Electricity method, and its price by the cost-plus pricing method, can be used outside tradable green certificates system, in particular under the current at this stage of the support scheme for renewable energy promotion in Ukraine.
EN
The article introduced the issues concerning investment funding into a range of renewable sources of energy to benefit residential communities. Modernizing heating systems will also have a significant impact on efforts to minimize carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Due to lack of capital and assets, it makes it difficult to win any external financial funding. Those needs are met by the National Fund for Environ-mental Protection and Water Management. It is responsible for ventures (undertaking) into a range of renewable sources of energy.
EN
The sources of renewable energy have been attracting much attention in the recent years, which can be attributed to the continually intensifying exploitation of mineral fuels and the steadily diminishing of their deposits. In addition, according to some forecasts, the demand for energy is likely to double by 2035. In the light of these forecasts Poland, as a country possessing large areas that can be used for the cultivation of energy-yielding plants, is in a fairly good situation. However, as an EU member state Poland is obligated (in accordance with the Directive 2001/77EC) to obtain 7.5% of the utilised energy from renewable sources by 2010 and twice as much by 2020. Therefore, the time has come to seriously deal with the problem of production of bio-mass as one of the most profitable sources of renewable energy. It should be noted that the use of renewable energy sources produces many positive effects both on regional and local scale. These positive effects include an improvement in the condition of the natural environment and greater safety as far as the supply of energy is concerned, but the most important thing is the opportunity for farms to obtain additional means which can help improve their financial situation. The article describes some sources of renewable energy and presents possibilities of financially assisting farms that generate such energy.
EN
The article takes up the issue of environmental protection in the European Union, with a focus on the climate-energy package. Particular attention is given to renewable energy, one of the issues in the package. The consequences that implementing the climate-energy package will have are shown, as are the possible ways Poland can obtain energy from renewable sources.
EN
The problem discussed in the paper concerns the identification of the advisory needs of producers and converters of biomass intended for energy purposes. The research material was based on opinions collected by means of the survey conducted among 123 producers and 30 converters of biomass. The research was carried out in 2013. The research results indicate that the system of supporting action for utilizing biomass for energy purposes is a matter of future. There is a need both for advisory service in the subject of acquiring renewable sources of energy, technology of producing plants for energy purposes, as well as for using biomass, including possibilities and methods of converting it into energy. The conclusion states that the advisory in cooperation with local government should support creating efficient organization structures of the system, which can be defined as agroenergetics.
EN
The activities undertaken in the Kujawsko-Pomorski Agricultural Advisory Centre for the promotion of renewable energy sources (OZE) were presented. Data reporting KPODR from the period 2011-2014 was used. The analysis showed that the Centre plays an important role in the region in promoting OZE. Consultants undertook a number of activities to raise awareness of people living in the region to use energy sources that are environmentally friendly. These included: advice, training, conferences and audits on farms. The monthly magazine Wieś Kujawsko-Pomorska and the website of the Centre published articles devoted to this theme. Many of the farmers were interested in information on the possibility of using specific sources of energy (especially in their homes and farms) such as biomass, solar and small wind power plants, and methods of raising funds for their execution.
EN
The UK government is committed to a target of 15% of energy from renewable sources by 2210, yet it is unlikely that this will be met on current progress. While surveys indicate wide support for renewable energy, attempts to site wind farms in specific locations are frequently and fiercely resisted. In this paper, we examine this apparent contradiction. We draw on a number of wind farm conflicts, and explore the discursive formulations of key stakeholders. In particular, the management of opposition against something that has popular support is considered, a long with the strategies deployed to avoid accusations of selfish parochialism. The effect that opposition has on particular sitting conflicts, the state of wind energy developments, and the renewable debate at large will be reflected upon. The importance of sociological inquiry into these issues will be emphasised, but more importantly, the application of discourse analysis is put forward as an applied method to investigate ecological problems, such as the resistance of renewable energy sources.
EN
This paper investigates economic and legal aspects of reformation of energy sector management in Ukraine concerning to adaptation of national legislation to EU legislation in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy as well as economic incentives for energy saving. There is substantiated the necessity of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to European standards of energy efficiency in the context of international obligations assumed by Ukraine. Based on the analysis of domestic regulatory and legislative acts in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy and mechanisms of economic incentives for energy efficiency measures, there is estimated the level of compliance of economic and legal framework of Ukraine to European legislation. National strategies, plans and programs for energy efficiency and renewable energy development are analyzed and the current state and prospects of their implementation are evaluated. There are detected shortcomings of the current legal framework in the field of economic incentives for energy efficiency increase in Ukraine and proposed the ways of its improvement.
EN
The basic aspects of the transformation of heat-power recreational enterprises of Crimea on the basis of renewable energy sources are shown. The calculation of the possible quantitative and relative magnitudes of the replacement of traditional renewable energy sources is described.
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