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PROBLEMS OF STIMULATION FOR REEARCH AND INNOVATION ACTIVITIES (Problemy stymulyuvannya naukovo-doslidnoyi ta innovatsiynoyi diyalnosti)

100%
Butnik-Siversky O. B.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2011
|
issue 1
19-25
EN
The study addresses the problem of what factors should be accounted for in overcoming the R&D and innovation inertia in Ukraine. Detailed data on the science, technology and innovation performance in Ukraine are given, and major tendencies in these fields are outlined in comparison with other countries. The data show the increasing share of basic research in Ukraine, in parallel with the reducing share of applied research and development, and the increasing share of S&T services, especially internal (intra-firm) ones. The share of R&D performers in HEE and industrial companies is still small. This tendency has affected the innovation activity in Ukraine, which remains too low in terms of innovating enterprises and innovative products sales. As a result, the national industry becomes even more dependent on innovations from abroad, while national R&D staff has to seek for contracts from abroad. This leads to the inevitable loss of their intellectual property rights, importation of innovation products originating from Ukrainian developments etc. A major problem for Ukraine lies in commercialization and economic utilization of intellectual activities output with consideration to benefits of its generator, user (industry) and the state. The national innovation policy should focus on forms and methods for direct and indirect stimulation of S& T activities. Urgent solutions are required for utilization of the objects of intellectual property right.
2

THE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITY AS AN OBJECT OF STUDY (Naukovo-tekhnichna diyalnist' yak obiyekt doslidhzen')

100%
Zhilinska O. I.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2011
|
issue 1
3-18
EN
Market transformations of the national economy have replaced emphasis of science & technology and innovation studies, as the science & technology activities per se was becoming the investigated object, apart from the traditional object, research and development (R&D). Various interpretations of the notions 'activities' and 'science & technology activities' are discussed, including approaches of P.Drucker and J.Bernal. The science & technology activities are investigated by use of cognitive instruments of the action-focused approach. This approach allows for having clear definitions of purpose (goal), actors, means, subject, process, conditions and output of science & technology activities. Also, the essential characteristics of science & technology activities (poly-systemic, creative, momentary, discrete nature, uncertainty, task sharing, synergetic and integrative nature, universality, global nature) are outlined with consideration to integrity of and links between its components (research and development, training of research personnel, supply of science & technology services). It's shown that an important condition for the valuation of science & technology knowledge lies in the relevance of the external environment wherein the intellectual capacity can be realized.
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