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Superior – představený rezidence z pohledu jezuitských evidenčních pramenů

100%
Holubová M.
Folia historica Bohemica
|
2011
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vol. 26
|
issue 1
89-103
EN
On the basis of a thorough excerption of the Jesuits’ documentary resources, the author illustrates basic features of the superior’s role as regards his career as a member of a monastic institution as well as the hierarchy of his regular ranking.
2

POLITIKY ZAMERANÉ NA CIGÁNOV/RÓMOV V STREDNEJ, JUHOVÝCHODNEJ A VÝCHODNEJ EURÓPE V OBDOBÍ KOMUNISTICKEJ VLÁDY

63%
Marushiaková E., Popov V.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2010
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vol. 58
|
issue 3
269 - 289
EN
There was a period of radical changes in the countries of Central, South-eastern and Eastern Europe at the end of World War II and subsequent years. In Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Albania, thanks to the active support of Soviet Union, the local communist parties came to power and secured complete control in all spheres of public life. Social and economic changes were carried out in all areas of life; these affected the entire population and only a relatively small part were focused on Gypsies exclusively, who were a specific target of active government policy in individual countries during the different periods. Despite the fact that a common ideology united the ‘socialist camp’, the policies focused on Gypsies were not identical. Differences appeared, based on models from the past and on the specific national strategies of the individual states. The present article is an attempt to offer a new view, freed from superimposed ideology, of state policies focused on Gypsies in the countries of Central, South-eastern and Eastern Europe during the period of communist rule. Particular attention is given to the policies in the areas of sedentarisation, residence, development and retention of ethnic culture, and opportunities for organisational life. In conclusion, the study presents a provisional evaluation of the politics of the so-called socialist states from the aspect of the successful integration of Gypsies into society.
3

Vícedílný dvůr na Balkáně – specifický fenomén mediteránní tradice v Evropě

63%
Bockova H.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2008
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vol. 95
|
issue 2
191-209
EN
Balkan multipart house yard is unknown in Europe and not appreciated duly within the frame of the ethnology of the Balkans. The yard is being divided territorially and functionally to living, working and cultivated spaces, with graduated requirements for each zone and an elaborated system of communication. The parts of the yard function almost independently. In the majority of the cases, the yard is being divided into two parts, living and working one. During the long summer period, the residence is being transferred from the inner, closed part of the house to the living part of the yard and the adjacent, roofed terrace opened to the yard. The clean residential part of the yard is the norm and it resembles a living garden - in rural as well as contemporary urban millieu. The division of the yard and the marginalization of its economic functions depend on the type of cultivation. The authoress analyses the causes, contexts and manifestations of functional differentiation and complicated systems of cultivation of the Balkan yard. Its formal unity can be perceived as a proof of its developmental stability and long, unrestrained development. The concept of residential family intimity of the closed yard is being followed to the Ancient roots, the atrial and peristyl house, as well as to the tradition of two thousand years of multipart houses of privileged and unprivileged millieu. This tradition is being interpreted as the carrying over of the value of Mediterranean, originally urban cultivated yard and the adaptation of the principle of division of the house - social, historical, ethnical and religious, of great potential for invention and renovation. It represents the Balkan unity in diversity.
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