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  1. 2 Filozofia (Philosophy)

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  1. 1 Zeleňak E.

  2. 1 Zeleňák E.

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FILOZOFIA HISTÓRIE MEDZI PREDPISOVANÍM A OPISOVANÍM

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Zeleňak E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2018
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vol. 73
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issue 5
356 – 365
EN
In the course of their discussion of historical explanation, historical narrative etc. philosophers of history repeatedly touched upon the metaphilosophical questions concerning the nature and the role of the philosophy of history. Especially during the last decades, some of the critics of the prescriptive approach advocated the need to focus on describing the actual historical works and the genuine historical practice. According to the advocates of the descriptive or bottom-up approach, philosophers of history should prescribe historians neither what they ought to do nor how their works ought to look like. Philosophers should rather follow the views of historians and describe their outcomes. Although this return to historical works and historical practice looks appealing, the author argues that one should not naively reduce philosophy of history to a mere description. It is important that philosophers of history follow the work of historians but they must anyway interpret what they find in historical discipline. Making use of examples from the writings of Paul Roth, he concludes that philosophy of history should try to fruitfully combine descriptive and prescriptive approaches.
2

PREKONÁVANIE RELATIVIZMU V SÚČASNEJ FILOZOFII HISTÓRIE

100%
Zeleňák E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2021
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vol. 76
|
issue 1
18 – 30
EN
During the last decades, narrativism has been one of the most influential approaches in the philosophy of history. Proponents of this movement argue that historical works are not faithful descriptions of the past reality but rather original constructions or interpretations of historians. The views of narrativists have been criticized for being relativistic. For it seems that on their view historians may shape the same data using various interpretative frameworks or conceptual schemes and this leads to plurality in history. In recent years several authors, including Paul Roth and Jouni-Matti Kuukkanen, developed some of the points and conclusions of narrativism. Although these authors are inspired by narrativism, they significantly change understanding of historical works and that is why their accounts avoid relativism. The aim of this paper is to show that these authors overcome relativism. Dualism of content and form, as Donald Davidson puts it, supports conceptual relativism. Since Roth and Kuukkanen avoid this dualism in their understanding of history, they overcome conceptual relativism in current philosophy of history.
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