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K HISTORICKÝM ZDROJOM LIBERALIZMU – MEDZI POLITICKOU IDEOLÓGIOU A FILOZOFICKÝMI POJMAMI

100%
Švec J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2020
|
vol. 75
|
issue 5
341 – 355
EN
The ideology of liberalism is not a closed intellectual space where inspiration can no longer be found. Based on a comparison of three philosophers – Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and their approaches to the key concepts of freedom, autonomy and property, the article explains the context of the historical evolution of liberalism in its early stages. The aim of the article is to show that liberalism does not have just one understanding of these concepts. In the context of this statement, we consider it as necessary to reconsider the traditional view of liberalism as an ideology that promotes laissez-faire policy and does not seek to actively counter social inequalities or to some extent interfere with the freedom and property rights of individuals.
2

MONTESQUIEU AND KRASICKI ON HUMAN NATURE: TWO VIEWS

100%
Sniegucka A.
Ruch Literacki
|
2008
|
vol. 49
|
issue 4-5
415-420
EN
This article examines and compares views on human nature held by two great minds of the French and Polish Enlightenment, Montesquieu (1689-1755) and Ignacy Krasicki (1735-1801). The findings of the author of 'Persian Letters' are placed in the context of some reflections on the development of civilization (where the approach associated later with the name of Jean Jacques Rousseau already made itself felt). What distinguishes Krasicki's views is a skepticism about man's cognitive capabilities and skills - which he shares with his French master - and, at the same time, a concern that one should make the best use of them. Both writers stress the importance of tolerance and trust in man's basic moral kindness.
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