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Milost místo smrti: (v procesech s Cikány v Čechách první poloviny 18. století) aneb jak nepočítat historii

100%
Himl P.
Dějiny - Teorie - Kritika (History - Theory - Criticism)
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2005
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vol. 2
|
issue 1
7-43
EN
The article is concerned with the persecution of Gypsies in Bohemia in the first third ofthe 18th century. As in other European countries, in cases where Gypsies had been already formally expelled from a land, Gypsy vagabondage was defined and punished as a capital crime. The article does not forget this normative aspect ofthe theme, but it nonetheless concentrates on the actual practice of persecution and above all on cases in which condemned Gypsies begged for mercy and their death penalty was in fact reduced to a more moderate punishment. The author also looks at the extensive powers of reprieve that the Prague Appellate Court (in the case ofGypsy vagabondage the tribunal offirst instance), was granted by the ruler in the 1720s. Condemned Gypsies were not explicitly mentioned in this context, but there is plenty of evidence that they were not excluded from this practice ofreprieve. The article criticises the view ofthe persecution ofGypsies that is based solely on the quantification ofincomplete data in the manuals of condemnation ofthe Appellate Court. These books not only fail to indicate when the condemned were later reprieved, but also do not allow us to reliably identify individuals condemned. There are examples of one person appearing several times in them, sometimes under different names. It is this misleading quantified evidence that has helped give rise to the idea that the persecution of Gypsies in the early modern period was the first stage of the Gypsy Holocaust in the 20th century. The article argues, on the contrary, that in relation to persecution the pre-modern differed from the modern state not only in terms of capacity, but fundamentally.
2
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Spiritualita ako podstatný prvok integrácie rómov

100%
Vansač P., Jurašek M.
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
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2015
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issue 4(19)
241-249
EN
The aim of our contribution is to take part in the discussion and point at the importance of spirituality in Roma communities. In our work we focus on the need of spirituality at Roma minority in Slovakia. We state an example from the past – work of the priest in the village of Jarabina. It is religiosity what is closely connected with spirituality – reason able religiosity helps the inclusion of Romanies into society, irrational causes more intensive exclusion.
3
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Wizerunek Romów w prozie Bohumila Hrabala

63%
ZNOJEK P.
Bohemistyka
|
2020
|
issue 3
409-424
EN
The purpose of this article is to show the stereotypical perception of the Romany minority inhabiting Prague the capital of Czechoslovakia in the 1960s and 1970s. Hrabal presented the image of Romany on the cards. The most visible in Romanca’s works (in the 1964 Pábitelé collection) and Too Loud a Solitude (Příliš hlučná samota from 1976). As part of the implementation of the paper, a detailed analysis of literary material will be carried out, as well as cultural and historical reflection. My idea is to try to present the fate of the Romany community, which was close to the Czech writer.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie stereotypowego postrzegania mniejszości romskiej zamieszkującej Pragę, stolicę Czechosłowacji w latach sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych XX wieku. Wizerunek Romów prezentował na kartach swych opowiadań Bohumil Hrabal. Najbardziej widoczny jest w utworach Romanca (znajdującej się w zbiorze Pábitelé z 1964 roku) oraz Zbyt głośna samotność (Příliš hlučná samota z 1976 roku). W ramach realizacji referatu przeprowadzona zostanie szczegółowa analiza materiału literackiego, jak również refleksja kulturoznawcza i historyczna. Moim zamysłem jest próba przedstawienia losów społeczności rom- skiej, która bliska była czeskiemu pisarzowi.
4
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Romowie w Austrii i Niemczech – współczesny status prawny a rzeczywistość

63%
Godlewska E.
Facta Simonidis
|
2013
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vol. 6
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issue 1
233-246
EN
In both countries, the Romani are numbered among the recognized minority: in Austria, the recognition took place on December 24, 1993; in Germany in 1995, when the representatives of the government signed the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. Although their legal status was regulated the Romani are still discriminated. The purpose of this article is to confront their legal status with the reality. The analysis shows that the recognition of the authorities has not affected Romanies’ everyday life. This is still a group located at the fringes of society, with high unemployment rate, low educational attainment and insufficient political aspirations.
PL
W obu państwach Romowie zaliczani są do grona mniejszości uznanych. W Austrii takie uznanie nastąpiło 24 grudnia 1993 r. W Niemczech miało to natomiast miejsce w 1995 roku, przy okazji podpisywania przez to państwo Konwencji Ramowej o Ochronie Mniejszości Narodowych. Mimo uregulowanego statusu prawnego wciąż jest to jednak grupa dyskryminowana. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest więc skonfrontowanie stanu prawnego z rzeczywistością. Z analizy wynika, że sam fakt uznania ze strony władz niewiele zmienił w życiu codziennych Romów. Wciąż jest to grupa znajdująca się poza marginesem społecznym, o dużym wskaźniku bezrobocia, niskim poziomie wykształcenia i małych aspiracjach politycznych.
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