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Zkoumání ruské exilové filosofie v meziválečném Československu : kritické vymezení diskursu

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Nykl H.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2019
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vol. 105
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issue 3
419-433
EN
In relation to Russian aid action provided to the Czechoslovak government there was also a large number of philosophers active in our country among the Russian scientists in exile. Several summarising papers were published on this topic, which endeavour to define the research field of Russian exile philosophy in the Czechoslovak Republic. A great number of figures from Russian life in exile were previously classified as philosophers. This paper critically evaluates their links to philosophy and determines the criteria according to which individual figures are or are not considered Russian philosophers in the author’s opinion. He comes to the conclusion that only approximately a third of the mentioned figures can be considered philosophers, while most of them are classified in other fields of human activities. The activities of some are linked to philosophy, while others can be considered interested in philosophy. Regardless of this critical reduction, the number of Russian philosophers in inter-war Czechoslovakia remains substantial, however, it is not possible to identify any common movement that originated within the terms of this discourse in our country.
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Przeciwko nostalgii… Koncepcja pamięci we wspomnieniach Fiodora Stiepuna „Бывшее и несбывшееся”

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Ziomek M.
Studia Rossica Posnaniensia
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2019
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vol. 44
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issue 1
35-40
PL
The article offers an introduction into Fyodor Stepun’s culture-making concept of memory. The thinker – one of the most intriguing representatives of the Russian emigration – criticized the emigrant milieu for its excessive traditionalism. Stepun presented the force of memory as a counterbalance to reminiscence and nostalgia, claiming that memory can prevent the Russian cultural heritage from being forgotten and ensure that it will creatively form the future of reborn Russia.
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Człowiek wobec tajemnicy śmierci w krótkich formach prozatorskich Michaiła Arcybaszewa

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Witczak P.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2018
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vol. Tom 3 Nr XXIII
59-68
EN
From the earliest times, people have been bending over the issue of death, trying to reach its essence. Therefore, death has become one of the leading literary motifs. The article analyses human attitudes towards death depicted in short prose forms of Mikhail Artsybashev. The writer took the position that the mystery of death is impenetrable and all attempts to discover it do not bring any expected results. The essence of death can be reached neither by mind nor through any mystical knowledge. It just needs to be accepted.
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Poeci emigracji rosyjskiej i ich zainteresowanie literaturą polską (rekonesans)

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Zienkiewicz T.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2008
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XIII
265-276
EN
The analysis of writing by Russian poets-emigrants used to live in Poland in mid-war period shows, that part of their pieces were inspired by Polish literature. In Russian newspapers and collections of poetry can be found poems, which are translations from Polish literaturę and contain themes from poems by Polish poets. Writers like: D. Bochan, I. Kulisz, K. Olenin. L. Sienicka, G. Sorgonin, J. Wadimow, L. Gomolicki, P. Kolski, S. Koncewicz and others, often reach to Polish poets writings - both old pieces and contemporary. Their interests were often focus on romantic poetry (A. Mickiewicz, J. Słowacki, Z. Krasiński and their poems written during the emigration). The main reason of this particular interests was the resemblance of Polish and Russian emigrants fate.
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Berliński kod architektoniczny w twórczości emigracyjnej Vladimira Nabokova

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NDiaye I. A.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2013
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XVIII
67-78
EN
In 1921-1923 Berlin was a centre of Russian emigration. Many poets and writers from Russia, like Maksim Gorki, Aleksy Remizow, Andriej Bieły, Ilja Erenburg, Aleksy Tołstoj, Władysław Chodasiewicz, Borys Pasternak, and for a short time also Marina Cwietajewa and Siergiej Jesienin, connected their life with this city. It was just in Berlin where was working one of the most interesting and the most intriguing writer of XX century (1922-1937) - Vladimir Nabokov. These period was characterized for him not only by happy moments (first love, marriage, birth of son), but also by tragic ones (death offather). His stay in Berlin marked out really important stage in creativity of Nabokov. It was theplace of his debut in the pages of Berlin’s newspaper “Руль” in 1921, in which he published his first poems under the pseudonym Sirin. In Berlin Nabokov wrote his first story and first novel. Itwas where he achieved his fame and formed his unique style of writing. Nabokov’s emigrant prose from 20’s constitutes an extraordinary guidebook to Berlin. In his art pieces he recreated the topography of Berlin by using architectural codes. Most often he related the code of home to a closed, domestic and peaceful circle. It is a circle tight in the meaning of space, but profound in the meaning of sensations. The lack of real home was a reason to lookingfor surrogate and it effected disorientation in the world in which poet had no place. The city hasa role of open, then foreign and hostile space. Here for the most part we can see the code in the shape of street or houses in city. This kind of code used by Nabokov, but also by other emigrantpoets, creates a feeling of disharmony, artificiality and unnaturalness.
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Z dziejów emigracji rosyjskiej w Polsce – publicystyka Michaiła Arcybaszewa

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Witczak P.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2017
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issue 22/2
37-47
EN
In article was analized emigration’s journalism of Artsybashev from journal “Za svobodu!”. Journalism takes a very important place in the works of Mikhail Artsybashev. The writer witnessed historic changes in Russia of the early 20th century and emigration period and condition of Russian culture and literaturę in Russia and emigration. In his many works included a great number of valuable comments and insightful analysis of the processes taking place on the territory of the decaying Russian Empire.
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Odkrywanie świadomości religijnej w literaturze emigracji rosyjskiej pierwszej fali (o powieści Druga miłość Wasilija Janowskiego)

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Witczak P.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2019
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vol. Tom 4 Nr XXIV
65-76
EN
Vasily Yanovsky belongs to the younger generation of the first wave of Russian emigration. In his works, he combined the traditions of 19th-century Russian realism as well as the tendencies of Western literature in Europe. The article is an analysis of Yanovsky’s story The Second Lovein which the author shows the life in Paris from a Russian exile’s perspective. The writer gives an account of a dramatic decline in moral values in the face of poverty and loneliness by making refer-ence to the poetics of naturalism and the genre of so-called “human document”. The Orthodox faith in Yanovsky’s story becomes a source of hope for an emigrant’s survival.
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EMIGRACJA ROSYJSKA W MIĘDZYWOJENNEJ WARSZAWIE: ALEKSANDR CHIRIAKOW

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Krycka-Michnowska I.
Acta Neophilologica
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2018
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vol. XX/1
187-197
EN
This paper is devoted to the cultural activity of the Russian emigrant, writer, journalist, critic and author of the memoirs – Aleksandr Khiryakov (1863-1940) in interwar Warsaw. His activity proves that he was an important representative of the diaspora, however he was marginalized by literary scholars. Khiryakov was involved in the life of the emigration community as a member of numerous literary groups and social committees. He initiated significant projects, voiced important ideas and actively cooperated with opinion-forming Russian newspapers, which propagated among their readers the conviction of their responsibility for the fate of Russia as well as its political and cultural missions.
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ODCHODZĄCA ROSJA W POWIEŚCI DAWNA PODRÓŻ LEONIDA ZUROWA

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Witczak P.
Acta Neophilologica
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2017
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vol. XIX/1
227-236
EN
This paper explores the theme of Russia in the novel Old journey written by a wellknown novelist of the first wave of Russian emigration in the 20th century, Leonid Zurov. Emigrational literary vision of Russia, overwhelmed by the element of revolution, had also its mystical aspect, where the suffering of the country was in the foreground. The messianic dimension is implied by the motif of Russia – the holy Rus.
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Proza Niny Berberowej lat 20.-30. XX wieku w kontekście wielkiej emigracji rosyjskiej

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Witczak P.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2013
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XVIII
137-145
EN
Nina Berberova - representative of the first wave of Russian emigration - is known primarilyas the author of the famous autobiography Kursiv moj. The Berbberova’s prose of the 20’s and30’s was made the main topic of this article, in which the writer referred to the tradition of Russian literature of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Berberova’s compositions were analyzed todescribe the daily life of Russian emigrants in France: Bijankurskije prazdniki, Poslednije i pervyje, Povelitelnica, Bez zakata.
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Образ Туниса в автодокументальной и художественной литературе русских эмигрантов «первой волны»

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Eltsova E.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2021
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vol. Tom 2 Nr XXVI
11-27
EN
The article reviews the cultural and axiological image of the North African country of Tunisia in the autodocumentary and literary fiction of the “first wave” Russian emigrants. On the basis of memoirs by Vladimir Berg, Nikolai Knorring, Irina Knorring, and Roman Gul’s essays on the Civil War dedicated to their stay in Tunis, the author describes the main motives of the immigrants’ perception of Africa and highlights their dichotomous characteristics (dream – reality, desolation – home, restraint – freedom). This image includes both Old Testament allusions to exile/exodus and schematic representations of the outlying continent; it actualizes the theme of Russia as the lost home. For some authors, Tunisia became a “Russian corner”, where their service to a future Russia took place, a place of awareness of the loss of their homeland. For others, it became a constraining bondage, an “unfreedom”, a place of alienation leading to the loss of meaning of life.
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O KOBIECYCH OBRAZACH W PROZIE MICHAIŁA ARCYBASZEWA

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Witczak P.
Acta Neophilologica
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2018
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vol. XX/1
95-106
EN
This article focuses on the works by Mikhail Artsybashev, presenting a formation of a new relationship between men and women. Artsybashev depicts women’s aspirations to free themselves from masculinised and patriarchal society as well as their desire to become more independent. Artsybashev’s main female characters try to move beyond traditional roles of wives and mothers. Their rebellion against social norms and prohibitions takes various forms.
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Borysa Popławskiego Uwagi o poezji: autorskie credo a wyobraźnia tłumacza

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Ojcewicz G.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2018
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vol. Tom 2 Nr XXIII
97-105
EN
Boris Poplavsky’s Notes on Poetry: the author’s credo and translator’s imagination
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Russian émigré philosopher Andrei Pavlov and his concept of T. G. Masaryk:

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Nykl H.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2020
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vol. 106
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issue 3
587-607
EN
The article explores Andrei Tikhonovich Pavlov, Russian émigré philosopher based in interwar Czechoslovakia. There is, as yet, no scientific study dedicated to Pavlov. The available biographical data give an impression of Pavlov as a secondary philosopher, in the shadow of his more renowned colleagues. This paper, based on accessible sources, focuses on Pavlov’s career that equivocated largely between Russian émigré pedagogy and philosophy. It also explores Pavlov’s contribution to philosophy. The most extensive part of his work in this field is dedicated to philosophy of T. G. Masaryk. The paper focuses on Pavlov’s key theses and places them within the context of other studies reflecting Masaryk’s work by the Russian philosophers in exile. Thanks to research made, Pavlov does not seem as “philosopher in a shadow” anymore, but he becomes the one of the most intriguing and, at the same time, most controversial interpreter of Masaryk’s works.
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Serbs in Croatia, Serb Democratic Party, Jovan Rašković, Yugoslav crisis, ethnic relations

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Kaleta P.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2016
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vol. 102
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issue 2
311–334
EN
Russian and Ukrainian emigration in the 1920s had a considerable influence on the development of culture and science in interwar Czechoslovakia. Among the ethnic and religious groups of this emigration were also the Turkic Karaims [also known as Crimean Karaites or Krymkaraylar], of whom, according to our findings, there were 56 who had come to Czechoslovakia by the end of the Second World War. We were able to determine the birthplaces of all of these emigrants and classify them into the corresponding Russian governorate. The analysis shows, that the greatest number of them were born in the Taurida governorate (29 persons). Among the individual localities, the Crimean city of Yevpatoria, from where 9 Czechoslovak Karaims had come, was the most frequent. Some of these people settled permanently in the Czechoslovak Republic and the work done by many of them, such as Michail Ajvaz, Andrej Karakoz, Michail Katyk, and Sinan Borju, greatly contributed to the development of Czechoslovak science and culture.
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Niezauważone pokolenie emigracji rosyjskiej pierwszej fali (o wspomnieniach Władimira Warszawskiego)

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Witczak P.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2019
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XXIV
63-74
EN
Vladimir Varshavsky – a representative of the younger generation of the first wave Russian emigration – went down in the history of literature as the author of the memoirs “The Unnoticed Generation”, dedicated to his generation. The article is an analysis of Varshavsky’s journals and an attempt to recreate his viewpoint on the antagonisms dividing the younger and the older gener-ation of émigrés. The paper also contains a description of polemics in the Russian émigré society which were generated after Varshavsky’s book was published.
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Kobieta demoniczna Teffi (1872–1952) w przekładzie Juliana Tuwima

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Ndiaye I. A.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2017
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issue 22/2
125-133
EN
This article deals with the specifics of the language and the translational difficulties of Teffi (Nadezhda Lochwicka), one of the most recognized figures of pre-revolutionary Russia, poet, columnist and author of humorous stories. The author verifies the thesis essence on the material the novel’s title from the collection Demonic woman and her Polish variant in the translation of Julian Tuwim. Evaluating the choice validity of translator equivalents from the standpoint of the author’s individual style, the ideologicaltheatrical and the stylistic aspects were taken into account.
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Образ города в прозаическом творчестве Нины Берберовой

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Witczak P.
Acta Neophilologica
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2020
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vol. XXII/1
91-102
EN
Nina Berberova – a representative of the first wave of Russian emigration – is known primarily as the author of the famous autobiography Kursiv moy. Berberova’s prose of the 1920s and 30s is the main topic of this article, in which the author refers to the tradition of Russian literature of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The urban text created by Nina Berberova is considered in the paper as a hypertext; the author distinguishes the features of this textual formation and provides the exam-ples. This urban text is interpreted not as scattered fragments but as an integrated whole. The researcher tries to identify the interpreting code of a “Parisian text” of the first emigration wave closely associated with the myth which organizes this urban text.
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Obraz emigracji rosyjskiej w twórczości Władimira Maksimowa

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Siemianowska I.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2014
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issue 19
155-167
EN
Vladimir Maximov in his journalistic writing, prose and dramaturgy has devoted considera- ble attention to the Russian emigration. The writer was interested in emigration as a phenomenon, In his literary output he outlined a picture of an emigration environment which can be referred to as ambiguous. The present article is an attempt at presenting a picture of the Russian emigration seen from the angle of Vladimir Maximov personal experiences, observations and considerations.
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Образ писателя в публицистике Ивана Бунина 1920 г.

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Nikolaev D.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
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2019
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vol. Tom 1 Nr XXIV
75-94
EN
The image of the writer plays an important role in the publicist works of Ivan Bunin in 1920. It is the image of the author struggling against the Bolsheviks, and the image of those writers who helped the Bolsheviks propaganda as well as “new Soviet writers”. In 1920 Bunin as the most signif-icant writer of the Russian Diaspora focuses on the most famous writer among those who, according to Bunin, supports the Bolsheviks – Maxim Gorky. Bunin also pays close attention to the contro-versy with H.G. Wells: this is due to the role that the English writer played in the context of Soviet Russia. Bunin’s works in 1920 are written as a reaction of the Russian writer to the various texts published in the press, and the discussion with the works of his main opponents – Gorky and Wells.
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