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Idea przeobrażenia świata w środowisku rosyjskiej inteligencji

100%
Kaźmierczyk Z.
Acta Neophilologica
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2019
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vol. XXI/2
77-90
EN
This paper displays the birth of the Russian intelligentsia and demonstrates the differences between educated people and members of the intelligentsia. It proves that each member of the intelligentsia is educated, while not every educated person is a member of the intelligentsia. Such a person needs to be fanatically devoted to the idea of the emancipation of the people, which is followed by atheists. The paper distinguishes the Russian intelligentsia and the Polish intelligentsia. It discovers the destructiveness of the intelligentsia based on the Gnostic-Manichaean foundation. It emphasizes the anti-worldness of the secularization of religious beliefs and ideas which are averse to the world as such. It proves that the Russian idea of the world transformation is motivated by destructive desires: hatred towards life, towards existence in bodily and physical mortal life. The author of the paper proves that the response to the destructive potential of the idea of the absolute world transformation triggered the beginnings of the Russian religious rebirth – the return to the metahistorical dimension of the Russian idea.
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“Kenotic” messianism. About the Russian Idea by Vyacheslav Ivanov

88%
Lechowska M.
Świat i Słowo
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2020
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vol. 35(2)
183-194
EN
The paper presents the key theses of Vyacheslav Ivanov’s concept of the national idea, both in a general (concerning every nation) and a specific (concerning the Russian nation) perspective. The starting point are the youthful intuitions of the philosopher, who from the very beginning was not able to accept nationalist views of the great minds of his times. This rejection of nationalism (understood as national egoism) becomes the basis for formulating the religious national idea (for every nation); against this background Ivanov perceives Russia as an exceptional country at the beginning of 20th century. The philosopher claims that Russia has an extraordinary historical mission, but he also sees potential obstacles in realizing this mission.
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