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JACQUES DERRIDA A POJEM “POSVÄTNÉHO” V PREKLADE

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Truhlářová J.

World Literature Studies

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2011

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vol. 3 (20)

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issue 4

12 – 26

EN

Only a part of Derrida´s philosophical articles deals with the topic of translation. However, his contribution to French thinking on translation is undeniable. Mainly he focuses on translation a s a process and within this area he ponders limit possibilities and boundary translation situations: above the “relevance” of translation, limit of traductibility and also the phenomena that can be denominated as “sacred” in translation. Reading Derrida ś key eesays on translation, such as Des Tours de Babel (1984), Théologie de la traduction (1985) and Qu ést-ce qu´une traduction”relevante”? (1998) as well as some experimental texts probing the limits of traductibility, like the parallel texts Journal du bord/Survivre! (1986) we composed the paper in order to delineate traits of Derrida´s “philosophy of translation” and more importantly to show how he perceived “the sacred” in the text and then in the original and translation, as he deems it in the scope of classic German philosophy and thinking of the literary critic Walter Benjamin. The second question to answer, which is closely bound with the term, is to what extent we can attribute the dimension of sacredness to the very process of translation in direct and also indirect sense. Direct sense means that we, along with Derrida, understand translation in three forms, as they were set by Roman Jakobson. And maybe even more interesting to note how this phenomenon is treated in figurative sense, that is to view translation as a transfer, a transaction, as any semantic operation that analyses text and metaphorically interprets the world.

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„Homo Venans”. Sakralny wymiar polowania starożytnych Greków według Arriana z Nikomedii

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Burliga B.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2011

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issue 1-2

95-118

EN

The article is devoted to the question of in what sense can we legitimately speak of the religious character of ancient Greek hunting. Relying mainly on the treatise of the famous Greek historian and committed hunter, Arrian of Nicomedia (whose floruit falls in the first half of the second century AD), I argue that hunting was regarded as an activity that remained under the careful guidance of the gods, above all – of Artemis, so, in this, general respect it may be justified to maintain that it was seen as ‘holy’. This assumption, nevertheless, cannot be used as proof in thinking that hunting, trapping, pursuing, chasing and, lastly, killing animals was regarded as ‘sacred’ in the same sense as was the Greek sacrificial ritual, known from classical times (Vth – IVth centuries BC). Occasionally, similarities were seen between the two ways of killing animals, but essentially the ancient Greeks were perfectly aware of the different contexts in which hunting, and ritual slaughtering, occurred. The main basis for such a claim is the fact that it was after a successful hunt that a special type of sacrifice to the god was performed – the so called aparkhai.

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Podstawowe pojęcia i filozoficzne inspiracje antropologii René Girarda

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Strączek B.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2015

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vol. 43

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issue 4

83-103

EN

The article provides an overview of René Girard’s anthropology, which is focused on the notions of desire and violence. The paper begins with an introduction to his theory of mimetic desire as the main force of inter-individual relations and the fundamental category of his anthropology. It then shows how violence emerges through mimetic conflict. Next, the essay moves on to discuss the scapegoat mechanism and the relation between violence and the sacred in archaic societies. It also examines his conception of Judeo-Christian demystification of mimesis and the surrogate victim. Finally, it attempts to contextualise his work in relation to modern philosophy.

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1 World Literature Studies

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1 Truhlářová J.

JACQUES DERRIDA A POJEM “POSVÄTNÉHO” V PREKLADE

„Homo Venans”. Sakralny wymiar polowania starożytnych Greków według Arriana z Nikomedii

Podstawowe pojęcia i filozoficzne inspiracje antropologii René Girarda