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PARTY EDUCATION IN COMMUNIST ROMANIA. CASE STUDY: THE ESTABLISHMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PLOUGHMEN’S FRONT’S SCHOOLS OF CADRES (1948)

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Radu S.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2012
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vol. 98
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issue 1-2
65-79
EN
After the establishment of the communist regime in Romania after World War II, the Communist Party concerned with coaching of some office workers who had two important tasks: to ensure the understructure of a party that was on a path of development, and to disseminate the communist political ideology to the population. The role of educating those „aparatciki” belonged to the schools of cadres. They were created after the Soviet model with Soviet instructors in the beginning and they became the fundamentals of the party education in Romania during the 50’s. The schools of cadres were established and functioned in Romania not only within the Communist Party, but also within the organizations of the most important “fellow-travelers” (comrades) in the period 1944-1953: The Ploughmen’s Front. This case study analyses mainly the foundation in 1948 and the organization of the first schools of cadres of that political peasant party, which had over a million members at that time. The main task of the schools of cadres was to create an increasing number of party propagandists who had to implement the communist ideology into the rural world with the aim to facilitate the process of communization in the Romanian villages, especially in those ones where the communists were very unpopular. In this article we analyzed issues as: the leading structure of the schools of cadres, the politics of recruiting students, the program and the mission of the schools of cadres and also some shortcomings which were identified by the leaders of the Ploughmen’s Front. The entire activity of organizing the schools of cadres of the Ploughmen’s Front, as well as the contents of the education process, took place under the guidance and control of the Romanian Communist Party.
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