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1

O przejściu od daru rzeczy do daru siebie

100%
Kaczmarczyk K.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
|
2018
|
vol. 46
|
issue 4
129-153
EN
The article is a resumé of the author’s doctoral thesis. It is an attempt (worked out in the order of discovery) to describe the gift of self (which Wojtyła identifies with love) by means of the previously developed category of the gift of something (rediscovered by Mauss) and the qualities of gift giving (selflessness, definiteness, reciprocity, joy, and gratitude linked with grace), as well as taking into account the intermediary category of gift from self (identified with service and ending with hospitality). The paper outlines the background of contemporary discussions on the gift, stressing the importance of the difference between dare and donare, discussing the modern trends that idealize the gift – involving anonymity, iconicity, ignorance, and non-reciprocity, all of which make the gift de facto impossible (Derrida, Lévinas, Marion) – and it also opens up some sociological and theological perspectives using an analogical conception of the gift.
2

Być czy mieć? Pochwała posiadania i własności

58%
Guczalska K.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2012
|
issue 887
37-56
EN
In the text, I attempt to question the justifiability of Erich Fromm’s distinction: “to have or to be?”. In practice, the phrase is used in various contexts and discussions and is not associated with the ideas of its author. The catchphrase’s popularity comes from the fact that it managed to express the attainments of many centuries of religion and philosophy, which may be defined as axiology branding devotion to material things. The axiology is usually adopted as unquestionable. My thesis is that axiology is, in fact, a debatable evaluation. I present my own views and those of Bronisław Łagowski, which he presented in his paper Palę Fromma (I burn Fromm). I also cite real cases of negation and affirmation of private property. I discuss the negation of property made by Plato and its critique undertaken by Aristotle. I analyse the affirmations of private property which are the strongest in West European culture – liberal thought and libertarianism. I think that one should develop and form one’s mind so as to relieve oneself from the devotion to things. It does not, however, have to be achieved through the fight with and negation of the phenomena required for subsistence. Things are not negative in themselves. The desire and drive to possess material things may be perceived as a valuable phenomenon – both from an economic and a moral point of view. The community needs people who are responsible, resourceful and well-off, which means people who have something to lose. In this text, I am mostly interested in the “transposition” of the adopted metaphysical assumptions in the practice of social life.
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