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Response of children with autism to a brief separation from the mother

100%
Pisula E.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2004
|
vol. 35
|
issue 2
109-115
EN
The opinion that the ability of children with autism to form emotional relationships is impaired is generally known. The aim of the present study was to compare the behavior of 4–6 year old children with autism, children with Down syndrome and normally developing children in a modified Strange Situation. Thirty-one types of behavior were recorded and assigned to four categories: initiative towards the mother, initiative towards the stranger, exploration, avoiding contact. In all groups the contact with the mother was most intense at the beginning of the test; there were more attempts at initiating contact with the stranger when the mother was present in the room; the separation anxiety and seeking contact with the mother upon reunion were also observed. The differences between the children with autism and other children of the same age were small and directly related to the deficits typical for autism (mainly related to the joint-attention disorder).
2
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Religijność instytucjonalna jako czynnik adaptacji polskich imigrantów w Irlandii

75%
Lisak M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
|
2015
|
vol. 41
|
issue 2 (156)
97–121
EN
A high level of adherence with Catholicism is one of the cultural similarities between the cohort of Polish immigrants living in Ireland and the rest of the Republic of Ireland’s population. Sharing the same religious beliefs seems to be a social bridge that accelerates mutual acceptance and adjustment at the time of massive migration. Therefore, the article aims to evaluate the integrative function of institutional religiousness. The fi ndings show that both the Polish immigrants and the natives tend to separate from one another instead of integrating, though. With regard to the bonding function of institutional religiousness, a high level of intercultural competence among religious leaders is required. It is evident, however, that neither the Irish Catholic church nor the chaplaincy for Polish immigrants have such skilful and integrative leaders.
3

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAW IN INDIA

63%
Kulcsar K.
Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)
|
2008
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1
57-82
EN
Society is the decisive force in the relationship between law and society, with its historically developed specificities, economic, political and cultural features. In the early history of a culture and in its first, longer and shorter period of development the social emergence of law is usually related to the given culture and to politics appearing within it, as well as with the unfolding of religion. Consequently politics and its organisation (even if at a rudimentary stage) develop jointly, and law mostly has a religious nature. (Kulcsar, 1982). At a later phase of development religion, politics and law are separated, and are distanced from each other at a pace depending on the speed of cultural development. The relationship between politics and law, however, endures and persists, while religion would be distanced after some shorter or longer period of time, with the emergence of civil society. If they remain in a closer relationship due to the nature of the given society and under cultural effects, the influence of religion, besides politics, would be felt more strongly in law. In the present-day India religion and politics are still significantly linked, despite some signs to the contrary. According to the author's personal experience the country did not present itself as religious in the common sense of the term, yet several religious traditions (Buddhism, Hinduism, etc.) have been markedly present in thinking. Traditional Hindu religion is still very strong in the country, and its significance has politically grown.
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