The paper takes a close look at artistic, ideological and existential vicissitudes of the Chamber Opera, constituted in May 1986 and closed down in June 1999. It summarizes one chapter in the history of the Slovak opera theatre, which in addition to some positive moments was marked by the absence of clarification of competencies and by unfulfilled, often mutually contradictory artistic ambitions of individual personalities who influenced dramaturgy and productions during twenty-three years of its existence.
The history of Slovakia and the Slovaks has been perceived in Polish historiography for many years as a component of larger wholes: the history of Hungary or the history of Czechoslovakia. For this reason, Polish historians usually paid little attention to the phenomenon of the national development of the Slovaks in the 19th century. This situation began to change only from the 1990s, when numerous studies finally appeared seeking to see the history of Slovakia and the Slovaks as a separate historical issue from the histories of the Hungarians and especially the Czechs. This text is aimed at presenting the achievements of Polish scholars over the last three decades with regard to the history of Slovakia and the Slovaks in the 19th century. The article describes the most important Polish synthetic studies, collective studies, and finally monographic works on the history of Slovakia and Slovak culture. Attention was also paid to the most important scientific centres in Poland, which initiate research in the field of Slovak culture and history. Despite the growing interest in Poland’s southern neighbour in recent years, significant shortcomings in Polish historiography are still visible. The article also attempts to draw attention to the desirable perspectives for further research in Poland.
The author analyses a treatise Donatus Latino – bohemicus published by J. Rhenius in 17454. He approaches to this analysis from two points of view: 1. as a lingual text from the époque before Bernolák ś codification. 2. As a grammatical text that can lead to the new observation about the state and development of grammatical thinking in Slovakia.
On 17th of May 2013 the workshop with presentations on the long-distance aerial survey in archaeology, its methods and options took place in the premises of the Institute of Archaeology in Nitra. International cooperation and exchange of experience in this field has a long tradition. Aerial archaeology, this one of the most important prospection methods, achieves currently an unprecedented progress in connection with the development of techniques and technology. The seminar program reflected diversity and various options of the aerial prospection with regard to the used data collection devices and evaluation options. The seminar was held under the auspices of the currently ongoing project CULTURE – Archaeo - Landscapes in which also the working group of the Institute of Archaeology in Nitra is included.
The author points out that Samuel Cambel in his work Rukoväť spisovnej reči slovenskej puts the conception of quantity on the Middle Slovak character of quantity and that he based on the fundamental unity of the quantity with a regulation of its appearance in word by the rhythmical law. Another important fact is that Cambel placed the function of the rhythmical law to the sphere of word-formation and inflection and the place of quantity neutralization he saw in a word-formative or grammatical suffix of word. Cambel also pointed out cases where in the same word more long syllables follow one after another – he gave five such examples. The author pays attention to some cases of use and non-use of rhythmical law and takes up a critical stand on opposite interpretations of the Cambel ś perception of the rhythmical law.
The paper analyses the work of Ján Stanislav in the field of current Slovak literary language, current language culture and current Slovak correct pronunciation. Ján Stanislav´s view on these language areas is characterized and compared to current views. The paper provides an overview of works on these areas closely in the final bibliography.
This paper discusses the etic construction of Slovak Roma as a homogenous group essentialised as a marginal, disconnected, uneducated and asocial “other”. The authors acknowledge the severe situation of exclusion suffered by many Roma in Slovakia but argue that diverse social positionalities also exist which are often ignored. Grounded in field research and ethnographic knowledge, the present paper deconstructs Roma homogeneity and tries to provide inside optics to different Roma conceptions. In doing so, the Roma agency is located in different fields, which opens new questions for research. Social situations which avoid the cliché of marginality make it possible to explore the existent interrelations between the overrepresentation of supposed Roma homogeneity and otherness and the muted existence of their counter-part – dominating non-Roma. Using methodological approaches close to whiteness studies, the authors attempt to go beyond approaches focusing on Roma as the exotic others. The role of non-Roma agency and power structures omnipresent in everyday life will be discussed as a key factor often muted in etic constructions of Roma.
The paper is concerned with the extraordinary census of the population of Slovakia, carried out in 1919 with the aim of supporting the Czechoslovak peace delegation in Paris with data on the ethnic structure of the population. The study analyses selected parts of the preparation, course and publication of the data from this preliminary census with an emphasis mainly on the organizational aspect. In the conclusion, the authors attempt to outline the significance of the 1919 census as a historical source and evaluate the possibilities for its use.
The study provides information on the specialised military educational institution of the Slovak Armed Forces, the Military College Boarding School (MCBS), established in September 1942.The study points out the reasons for establishing MCBS and its special status in the military education system. MCBS was established as an institution providing future officers with higher education in the field of arms and mainly services. The college students who committed to serve in the Slovak Armed Forces as professional officers after graduation were accepted as the learners of MCBS. The learners of MCBS were students of the fields that were lacking in the Slovak Armed Forces, the students of medicine, pharmacy, veterinary medicine, pharmaceutics, technical fields, law and other. Majority of the MCBS learners studied at the Slovak University in Bratislava and Slovak colleges, and a part of them at the colleges in the Nazi Germany. Difficulty of the MCBS studies was increased by the fact that in addition to the college curriculum, they also had to undergo military training at the level of graduates of the reserve officers’ training, to be able to become fully-fledged officers. The first part of the study is focused on the establishment process in 1942, as well as the course of studies of the MCBS learners in the academic year of 1942/1943.
A static computable general equilibrium model of an open economy applied to the economy of Slovak Republic is presented in this paper. The data base of the model is a social accounting matrix created and adapted for purposes of this model and based on 2004 data. A methodology of a social accounting matrix disaggregation as an optimization problem of goal programming is proposed. The model applies to the automotive sector and shows how to analyze the impacts of changes in policy making such as increase of export, increase of export price and drop in production.
The first part of the study focuses on the establishment and operation of the Government Council of the SSR for Nationalities (minorities) and the changes that took place in the Council in the 1970s. The second part of the study deals with issues of higher education for minorities in the SR through the materials of the Government Council of the SSR for Nationalities during this period.
The contribution presents yet unpublished ceramic pipes from several, in some cases already known, archaeological sites in Slovakia. These, in fragments preserved items, have not been systematically, but randomly collected during various occasions (field archaeological excavation, amateur collections, author‘s leisure time activities). Analysed finds, considering their parallels in Slovakia, respectively in a broader area of former Hungarian Kingdom, generally belong to common types of stub-stemmed pipes. In the proposed set are pipes from the time interval since the turn of the 17th and 18th until the 2nd half of the 19th century. The author of article believes, that find of a pipe can indicate some activities from the Modern Age (exploitation of resources, pastoralism, search for antiques, etc.) on an archaeological site with settlement from the prehistory or the early history.
There exists a big diversity in the inhabitant names formation (formation of names denoting persons according to their place of abode) in Slovak language.Rules of the inhabitant names formation are based on a number of criterions, influences and restrictions on multifarious levels. The paper should help users of Slovak language and give them orientation in this complex issue. The author offers simplified overview of the system creation of inhabitant names nd relational adjectives in Slovak language summarized in three basic models applicable to the absolute majority of cases.
Reform trends in Slovak museums resulted in the preparation of the Action Programme in the year 1968. It included the idea of Slovak Association of Museums revival, which was cancelled in 1960. Following article discusses the document dealing with the form of new association. Outlined are also the reasons and incentives leading to the need to establish a professional organization, with notes and activities done on the soil of Czech museums.
The territory of Slovakia belongs to one of those regions of Europe where is an extant repertoire of ritual songs which are associated with the celebration of Midsummer and St. John’s Day. Analysis of the textual and musical components of the Midsummer songs has enabled a reconstruction of the ritual context. It has confirmed assumption that songs with a ritual function conserve many contextual associations of singing, which retrospectively illuminate the vanished forms of ritual. A comparative sounding of the song repertoire of selected Slavonic ethnic groups (Czech/Moravian, Polish, Croatian, Ruthenian, White Russian) has contributed to the study of common elements and semantic analogies in Midsummer rituals. It helps to verify data on the relationship of the “text” (song) and “context” (ritual), acquired by analysis of song material which is territorially/ethnically delimited, as well as to study Slavonic tradition of the celebration of summer solstice.
Content of finds that were rescued during the first phase of the investigation activities indicates that the total number of originally found graves was probably higher than the professional literature has assumed. Marking of the graves with burial mounds at the site in Streda nad Bodrogom represents an unusual and peculiar funeral rite. Some grave pits were cut straight into the bedrock. Common burying of the dead and the horse has been proved in all the four cases. In the past the graves have been devastated by grave thieves or by unprofessional interventions. Majority of the grave goods were discovered in secondary positions, skeletons of the deceased were scattered. In the grave inventory the mounts that decorated gorytos were discovered accompanied by a belt, horse harness belts and a pouch for fire lighting gear. Weapons from the grave were probably stolen by grave thieves, or they have not got into the museum collection. The material culture includes also artefacts that have their roots or close analogies in the wider east European area (human mask-shaped mounts, belt ornaments of the Cherdin type, leaf-shaped mounts with palmette decoration, pottery etc.). As of now some artefacts have no analogies in the wider middle- and east European context. The majority of silver personal ornaments was made in artisan workshops in the upper Tisa basin. At the clan burial site in Streda nad Bodrogom members of the first two generations of the ancient Magyars were buried during the first half of the 10th century.
This paper introduces LARP (live action role playing), LARP games and research on this phenomenon undertaken to date. Building on the theoretical insights of Richard Schechner, who categorizes these games as performances and distinguishes between games and playing, the main part of the paper is a description of how LARP games are conducted using performative sequences, which form the basis of the explanation of the specific characteristics of LARP as compared to theatre staging. Examples from a number of LARP games are used to present the separate stages of their performative sequencing which illustrate the broad spectrum of LARP games in general. The terminology of LARP games is also explained. In conclusion, the paper presents specific aspects of research into LARP games and highlights the lack of systematic scholarly inquiry into LARP and LARP games in Slovakia in terms of the phenomenon’s history and development.
The study deals with the conceptualization of school culture and outlines the results of research of the school cultures of 34 elementary schools in Slovakia. Some features of school culture, for example the physical environment of the school, tradition, style of management, staff cohesion, symbols and rituals, as seen by different actors of the school, are analysed in relation to the successfulness of the school, that is, the test results in mathematics and Slovak language and the admission rate of elementary school pupils to secondary schools. The results indicate that better school results are linked to the importance of tradition and innovation, socialization and participation, material and technical equipment, social ties and school openness. The study points to the existence of several specific, and partly overlapping, cultures in schools, namely the culture of teachers, pupils and management. The results are discussed with reference to Durkheim's ideas of moral education.
The study is a comparative reflection on the development of performing arts in Russia and Slovakia at the turn of the millennium. Understanding the peripheries of post-Soviet transformation of Russian theatre deepens the knowledge of social and aesthetic contexts regarding the transformation of Slovak theatre at the turn of the 21st century. The disintegration of the Soviet Bloc in the late 80s and the early 90s of the 20th century changed the situation in the world and launched a major transformation in the post-communist countries. Along with the economic and political system, culture was changing also inevitably. Privileged status of Russian culture has become a thing of the past. In the following years, Slovakia has become the independent state with parliamentary democracy and market economy and joined the EU. Russia has undergone its own path of development. Despite a different orientation of the two countries at the turn of the millennium, both the Russian and Slovak theatre experienced in many ways analogous situation: the decline in social status of performing arts, opening to the world, the introduction of so-called new drama, transformation of directing and acting, etc. When approaching breakthrough processes in Russian theatre, the study is based on the author's personal knowledge of Russian theatre and on the publications written by Russian theatre critics Marina Davydova (End Theatrical Era) and Anna Vislova (Russian Theatre at the Turn of the Millenium
The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between economic characteristics and well-being as one of the components of quality of life. The study is based on microdata obtained from a representative EU-SILC 2013 survey covering the Slovak population age 16 and older. Subjective well-being is reflecting the general mood or affect, including depression, anxiety, and psychologic well-being. The estimated mean value of the total subjective well-being score is 70 (median: 73). The results presented in this study suggest that economic factors are strongly correlated with the level of subjective well-being. The findings propose positive and diminishing returns to income; unemployed people score on average approximately 9 points lower than those who are employed; people living in indebted households have a lower level of subjective well-being than those living in households without debts; and the ability to face unexpected financial expenses increases the level of well-being.
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