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Kouření a alkohol u dětí na základních školách Jihočeského kraje

100%
Kastnerova M.
Naše společnost (Our Society)
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2008
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vol. 6
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issue 2
EN
Smoking becames the important and relevant health and social problem in the Czech Republic as well as in the world. Tobacco together with alcohol is the first habit forming substance, which the child contacts or which somebody offers to him. The aim of the research is to map the situation of using of legal drugs, tobacco and alcohol, by the children in the basic schools of the region of South Bohemia. The pupils of the 4th- 9th classes of basic schools of region of South Bohemia of age 10 -16 years present the basic group. The methods of questioning, technique questionnaire was used for the primary collection of data. More than the tenth of children - 12 % are the regular smokers - they smoke every day. Regular strong smokers, who smoke regularly more than 10 cigarettes a day, present more then 3 %. The most often beginning of the regular (daily) smoking is about 12 and 13 years. Only 16 % adolescents have never drunk the alcohol, less than half of them did not drink it in the last month. Only 57 % of respondents have never been drunken. The biggest popularity of beverages among the teen-agers has traditionally the beer followed by wine and then distillates. The biggest experiences with alcohol had got the questioned people until 10 years of age.
2
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MARITAL STATUS, SMOKING AND BINGE DRINKING IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

100%
Hamplová D.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2018
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vol. 50
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issue 6
647 – 671
EN
The paper explores cross-national differences in the link between marital status, smoking and binge drinking. Using the International Social Survey Data (ISSP Health and Health Care) from 2011, it tests whether the gap between married and single individuals depends on the prevalence of the vice in the society. This hypothesis was partly corroborated for binge drinking in both male and female samples though the link between marriage and alcohol consumption is reversed in the high prevalence context. In case of smoking, the idea of the decreasing role of marriage in countries where tobacco use is widespread was confirmed only among men. The analysis also showed that cohabitation was not as strongly linked to health practices as marriage.
3

SKÚSENOSŤ S FAJČENÍM V SKOREJ ADOLESCENCII A FAJČENIE RODIČOV; MODERAČNÁ ROLA VZDELANIA RODIČOV

100%
Bačíková M., Berinšterová M., Orosová O.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2016
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vol. 19
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issue 1
-
EN
The relationship between parental smoking and adolescent smoking behaviour has been well documented in previous studies. Less is known, however, about possible moderators of such relationship. The present study focuses on the relationship between parental smoking and adolescent smoking experience in early adolescence. This period has been so far neglected in research. Further, we study parental education level as possible moderator of this relationship. Questionnaire data were collected among 1098 early adolescents (mean age 11.5 years; 54% girls). Logistic regression analyses revealed following results: (1) maternal and paternal smoking is associated with early adolescents smoking experience; (2) moderating effect of parental education was found in sense that having smoking mother with higher education increased the probability of smoking, while having smoking father with lower education increased the probability of smoking. Results are further discussed.
4

PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS, SENSE OF COHERENCE AND SELF-ESTEEM AS RISK/PROTECTIVE FACTORS FOR SMOKING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

88%
Gajdosova B., Orosova O., Madarasova G. A., Tavel P., van D. J. P.
Studia Psychologica
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2009
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vol. 51
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issue 2-3
183-192
EN
The effect of personality (extraversion, neuroticism, psychotics), self-esteem and sense of coherence on smoking among university students (n = 830, mean age 20.5 years, data collected in 2004, Slovakia) was explored using logistic regression separately among males and females. Higher extraversion plus, among females, higher negative self-esteem and lower meaningfulness, increase the probability of being a smoker. It is important to take into account the different function of personality in health promotion. In this case extraversion and negative self-esteem seem to be the risk factors, while meaningfulness seems to be a protective factor with regard to smoking.
5

DO THE V4 COUNTRIES FOLLOW THE EUROPEAN DEFICIT? EVIDENCE OF TOBACCO TAXES

88%
David P.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 3
250 – 267
EN
The average tax rate imposed on tobacco products in the European Union is insufficient if compared with the social costs of smoking, as has been proven by previous research. Does it also uniformly apply to the V4 countries, which are different from the rest of the EU in certain aspects? The conducted research has shown that the social deficit caused by smoking both in the V4 countries and in the EU on average was always in positive numbers during the years 2008 to 2015. This means that the tax imposed on tobacco products fails to cover the social costs of tobacco consumption. The social deficit per unit of manufactured tobacco in the V4 countries is lower than the average value of this indicator within the EU. The social deficit increased in the V4 countries apart from the Czech Republic during the examined period. Although the absolute social deficit as well as the social deficit per capita developed differently in the respective V4 countries, they also reached positive values. This may be legitimately deemed a failure of the state in the application of a remedial tax.
6
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NEJSTARŠÍ DÝMKY A KUŘÁCKÉ POTŘEBY BRNĚNSKÝCH ARCHEOLOGICKÝCH NÁLEZŮ

88%
Holub P., Kolařík V., Lečbychová O., Zůbek A.
Študijné zvesti
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2016
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issue 59
161 - 166
EN
The text represents finds of the oldest pipes from selected archaeological excavations in Brno. These are both the one-piece pipes and their fragments, including the fragments of stems, and the oldest types of two-piece pipes as well. Also two exemplars of pipe cleaning kits are among the interesting finds.
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