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MICHEL FOUCAULT: MINULOSŤ A SÚČASNOSŤ (K NIEKTORÝM OTÁZKAM SOCIÁLNEJ KONTROLY)

100%
Buraj I., Palenčárová S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2015
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vol. 70
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issue 7
505 – 517
EN
Foucault labelled modern society also “disciplinary” or “panopticon” society. Do these characteristics apply to contemporary society as well? If they do, what are the visible signs of that? Further, seen from this perspective, what are the differences (if any) between contemporary society and that described by Foucault? What techniques of power and control do contemporary society apply and what norms? These general questions are intended to be examined in more details in the frame of the body discourse. More precisely, it will be shown, how the issue of body is approached in the obesity discourse. The related concept of the dispositive of power will be examined as well.
2
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URBAN TRANSFORMATION FROM PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPACE TO SPACES OF HYBRID CHARACTER

88%
Nissen S.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2008
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vol. 44
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issue 6
1129-1149
EN
The main characteristics of public space are accessibility and usability for all citizens. However, current developments, primarily observed in cities, suggest the loss of a clear distinction between public and private space. Instead, urban spaces of hybrid character are emerging. Spaces with public functions, like train stations, parks or pedestrian areas, are changing in character, and semi-private spaces, like malls or plazas, are spreading. In order to get a realistic view of developments this article offers a critical appraisal of recent privatisation trends followed by a brief summary. After discussing feasible reasons for the loss of private space the article considers potential implications for the future of citizenship.
3

POLICING A SOCIETY AT WAR: GOVERNMENTAL SOCIAL CONTROL IN REGENSBURG BEFORE AND DURING THE TOWN WAR (1381–1389)

88%
Kaar A.
Mesto a dejiny
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2022
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vol. 11
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issue 1
6–25
EN
This study investigates how the council of the Free City of Regensburg reacted to and tried to cope with the challenges posed by the so-called Town War (1387–1389) to everyday life in a late medieval city. One hundred and forty-one ordinances (Ratsverordnungen) issued by the Regensburg council between 1381 and 1389 are surveyed, investigating how the councillors sought to regulate human interaction in a city threatened by war, how they tried to implement their regulatory measures and which means they used to encourage the urban population to comply with their precepts. Furthermore, the study explores the Town War’s effects on the council’s standing and authority, and elucidates the delicate political negotiations necessary to legitimize the surveyed regulations. Overall, the paper sheds light on the Town War as a crisis during which governmental social control accelerated, thus contributing to long-term processes of late medieval Herrschaftsverdichtung.
4

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONCEPT OF DIVERSITY IN THE ETHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT (Vyznam kategorie diverzity pri etnologickom vyskume mestskeho prostredia)

75%
Ratica D.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2009
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vol. 57
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issue 4
444-454
EN
The contribution is dealing with concept of diversity in context of ethnological study of urban environment. The diversity, which has always played an important role in the ethnological research, creates essential complementary categories of the ethnological exploration with universality. The author pays attention to the question of distinction between principles of social relations in rural and urban areas under the Slovak conditions. In the urban environment the weakening of social control, dominance of formalised social relations, simultaneous individualization of way of life and maintenance of the continuity of group values can be observed. These factors create conditions for the support of the social and cultural diversity, which can be analysed on the intra- and inter-object level. The ethnological concern range from intra-individual (changes of value orientations of an individual in time) and inter-individual (differences of social status and interpretation, evaluation and acquirement of cultural elements among members of given group) to intra-cultural (local, regional or sub cultural versatility) and intercultural diversity (mutual relations of separate ethnic cultures, minority - majority relations). The acceptance of inter-individual and inter-group diversity leads (also in Slovak context) to some kind of basal tolerance, which results from concrete experiences confirming possibility of coexistence and cooperation of individuals and groups with different religious, ethnic and cultural background, as well as ideas of multi-, or inter-culturalism in the recent urban environment.
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