Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 10

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

Bruno Latour's Research Program and its Advantages in Terms of the Researches over Modern World

100%
Binczyk E.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
|
2007
|
vol. 1
|
issue 3
32-42
EN
The authoress puts the following objective in her article: to show and to emphasize Bruno Latour's specificity of research perspective in the context of his 'actor-network' theory (ANT). She presents political advantages of this approach in the context of the researches over contemporary world, and also reasons of Latour rejects the sociology of knowledge program. In the next part of the paper the authoress wishes to give an outline of an image of certain area setting the methodological identity of ANT. She invokes the diagnoses of contemporary society, performed by Thomas H. Eriksen, George Ritzer and Ulrich Beck. She cites on Latour's works, and also her earlier publications from the domain of the sociology of knowledge and the anthropology of science.
2
Content available remote

LUDWICK FLECK - AN OUTSIDER, A FORERUNNER, A CLASSIC? (Ludwik Fleck - outsider, prekursor, klasyk?)

80%
Bytniewski P.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2008
|
vol. 34
|
issue 2
161-183
EN
The sociology of knowledge is a field of study with a rather blurry disciplinary standing. Its epistemological status (science or meta-science?), disciplinary affiliation (philosophy or sociology?), and even its history (who was the first, more important, etc: Mannheim, Znaniecki, Scheler?) remain vague. This article argues that both the structure and history of the sociology of knowledge produce presentism as an epistemological obstacle. A good example of this phenomenon is Ludwik Fleck's position as both a classic and a forerunner of the sociology of knowledge. As a subdiscipline of sociology, with disciplinary ambitions, the sociology of knowledge explores facts concerning social contexts of the production and proliferation of knowledge. Nevertheless, as a meta-science or philosophy, or even a counter-science, the sociology of knowledge asserts itself a privilege to judge every scientific enterprise in respect of its socio-epistemological dimension. This double determination entangles a self-reflection of the sociology of knowledge: it creates the conditions of possibility as a discipline, and simultaneously reduces its own critical power.
3
Content available remote

The Historical Connections and Development of the Polish Economy and Sociology

80%
Sowa K. Z.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2005
|
vol. 41
|
issue 1(163)
3-14
EN
The author shows the connections of the Polish economy and sociology in the period of their formation. Despite the fact, that the first Polish economists and sociologists were inspired by the Western works, their own scientific views and works were formed in basically different social and political conditions which dominated in the then partitioned Poland. That is why the Polish economy and particularly sociology of those days were in some areas (research problems) belated when compared with the Western ones, but much ahead of the Western in others. Some important concepts of todays Western sociology were introduced in the Polish social sciences one hundred years ago (e.g. the concept of cultural capital). In the second part of the paper the social forces, specific for the system of so called real socialism (communism), which conditioned its functioning, were shortly depicted. The constitutive features of the contemporary social macrostructures were, from the one hand , immune for classical, Western type scientific analysis, and they precluded a development of adequate concepts and research tools, from the other. Therefore adequate theory of the social reality of those days is still an unfulfilled task of the Polish social sciences.
4
Content available remote

The Problem of Consistency between Assumptions of Sociology of Knowledge and Assumptions of Philosophical Anthropology (on Example of Max Scheler's Ideas)

80%
Czerniak S.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2004
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3(161)
391-407
EN
The author of these considerations puts a question, non-trivial from the point of view of science of science, about relationship of theoretic-methodological consistency between research sub-disciplines regarded by their own creators as discourses of paradigms corresponding to one another in a general philosophical perspective. As a historical example used for this analysis serves the concept of the sociology of knowledge and of the philosophical anthropology, developed - as elements of an overall philosophical perspective - by Max Scheler (1874-1928), beside E. Husserl the most widely known representative of the phenomenological movement in the 20th century. M. Scheler had often articulated his intention in his writings that philosophical anthropology should form a basis of categories of the sociology of knowledge, a reservoir of philosophical assumptions for socio-cognitive ideas. The hypothesis of the present paper is as follows: (a) some fragments of Schelerian sociology of knowledge (the so-called concepts of 'class idols') would be very hard to thought ot as 'grounded' in that meaning into the model of philosophical anthropology that he had proposed; (b) an anthropology different from Schelerian may be indicated (by Helmuth Plessner) more logically consistent with the idea of 'class idol'.
5

Between Description and Norms. Knowledge and the Social Life-World

80%
Dehnel P.
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
|
2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 4(198)
91-99
EN
The paper deals with the problem of social contexts of knowledge. The description of social reality should take into account the fact that anyone who is trying to describe it is the part of that reality him- or herself. The cognition of the social world in the objective categories - effected by the tendency to generalization - loses the normative sense of a theory as such and neglects the role of the particular cases. Regarding the notion of the collective intentionality (John Searle) the author sketches two concepts of it: the Habermas' proceduralistic idea and R. Rorty's idea of the contingency. In reference to the first one the aim is to establish a communicative community, in which all people have the same rights in the argumentation and the final purpose would be the agreement based on the best one. The second idea emphasises the word 'we' as not being the collection of the abstract terms like 'human being', 'humanity' etc., but it should be more modest and more local. Both theories - J. Habermas' and R. Rorty's - can be recognized as legitimate, if they develop in the solidarity with other people.
6
Content available remote

Česká zkušenost a sociologická reflexe Poznámky ke knize Pavla Machonina Česká společnost a sociologické poznání

70%
Arnason J. P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2007
|
vol. 43
|
issue 4
809-820
EN
The article deals with some key arguments in Pavel Machonin's book 'Czech Society and Sociological Knowledge', but does not review the whole book. Critical comments focus on four themes. Machonin's conception of sociology as a discipline and a tradition does not do full justice to the inherent pluralism of the sociological imagination. It is useful to link sociological debates to the ideological contest between socialism (more particularly Marxism) and liberalism, but this problematic is more complex than Machonin's analyses tend to suggest; that applies, in particular, to the interpretations of freedom and equality as fundamental modern values. Machonin's attempt to reconstruct modernization theory is open to some criticisms, especially with regard to the debate on 'multiple modernities'. Finally, the concept of state socialism does not help to grasp the complex patterns of modernity that developed under Communist rule.
7

TRADITION: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DIRECTIONS OF STUDYING (Tradytsia: kontseptualizatsia ta napriamy vyvchennia)

70%
Svezhentseva Y., Proskuryakova O.
Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)
|
2010
|
issue 2
142-153
EN
Conceptualization of tradition that would open the possibility to comprehend it using classical and contemporary sociological theories is an urgent necessity in contemporary social sciences. The authoresses propose to consider a tradition as a steady group stereotype of social action that exists in social systems during long period of time and has socio-cultural mechanism of transmission from one generation to another. Conceptualization of tradition as a stereotype of social action opens the possibility to study this phenomenon both as a social action and as a component of social knowledge. The authoresses use the statements of the social action theories (M. Weber, T. Parsons) in order to build an ideal type model of traditional action. The ideal types of traditional and purposive actions are the poles of the continuum of the real traditional actions which places in such continuum (on such a scale) depend on a stage of their development or destruction. They apply sociology of knowledge ideas to analysis of tradition emergence and development in a social system. Hypothesis for tradition genesis as similar to establishment of paradigm is grounded in the article. The main factors that determine evolutionary or revolutionary character of tradition development are revealed.
8
Content available remote

IN THE SITE OF A THEORY AND HISTORY OF CULTURE. A GLANCE ON LUDWIK FLECK'S THEORY OF THOUGHT STYLES. PART II (W strone teorii i historii kultury. Spojrzenie na teorie stylów myslowych Ludwika Flecka. Czesc II)

61%
Rydlewski M.
Etnografia Polska
|
2010
|
vol. 54
|
issue 1-2
65-88
EN
This article is the second part of the discussion on Ludwik Fleck, the author of The genesis and development a scientifict fact. In this paper I discuss several research areas mentioned in the previous article, such as common knowledge and the theory of perception. I believe they can only be properly understood by using the Fleck's concept of individual as well as the meaning. According to Fleck, a member of modern society lives in several thought collectives. Each individual participates in the collective of common knowledge, which is formed by simplified scientific knowledge and the circulation of thoughts. On its way from the scientific journal to the school handbook the subjective author's view is being changed into proven scientific fact. Before someone becomes an expert and a member of esoteric circle of particular field or domain, he or she is just a laic, who goes to school and learns from the handbooks. Fleck, several decades before Norwood Hanson, pointed out the relation between scientific discoveries and the perception showing that the observation is related to the theory. Fleck's theory of perception is similar to that of Ludwig Wittgenstein, then used by Hanson. Fleck argued that without the knowledge it's impossible to perceive, you can look at something, but you don't see it. It seems like the perception is the matter of mentality and the knowledge is being provided by the thought collective. The novelty of Fleck's theory was the role of metaphors in the creation of perceived figures. There is no observations uninfluenced by the thinking, according to Fleck, it also applies to the common sense.
9

MIND - LIFE - KNOWLEDGE. THE YOUNG MANNHEIM'S WAY TO SOCIOLOGY (Lelek - elet - tudas. A fiatal Mannheim utja a szociologiahoz)

61%
Karacsony A.
Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)
|
2009
|
vol. 19
|
issue 3
26-42
EN
This essay discusses a less known period of Karl Mannheirn's life, namely the period he spent in Hungary. The author attempts to point out that the career of the young Mannheim, starting from a philosophical interest and continued with a sociological one, is continuous. His first published works and letters prove that in the period preceding his emigration to Germany in 1919, he was concerned with questions that received their mature form in his sociology of knowledge. They include primarily the question of culture, that of perspective-boundedness (relativity) of cognition, interpretation and the problem of intellectuals. Despite changing disciplines from philosophy to sociology, the continuity of his oeuvre can be shown.
10

THE STRUCTURE OF NIKLAS LUHMANN'S THEORY

51%
Brunczel B.
Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)
|
2007
|
vol. 25
|
issue 3
297-320
EN
There are more factors that make especially difficult to understand Niklas Luhmann's theory of society, e.g. its extraordinarily abstract and at the same time unusual language, some theoretical decisions that are surprising in the light of sociological tradition and the complicated interdependence between the parts of his theory. All of these can imply the danger of misinterpretation. In his paper the author endeavours to give an interpretative framework that through exploring the structure of Luhmann's theory and through revealing the efforts for theory-constitution lying behind it contributes to the elimination of these difficulties.The assumption underlying this is that the strange and un-understandable points of his theory are strange and un-understandable only separately, but if we reveal the inherent interdependences of Luhmann's theory and the inducements of its elaboration then all of them will lose these unusual characters. In fact Luhmann's theoretical efforts and theory-constituting aims are those things that in consequence of their grandiosity and radicalism are unusual in the field of social sciences; and the real key to the resolution of strangeness and un-understandability is to understand these efforts and aims. The author is going to perform this task by means of exploring five questions, i.e. analyzing (1) Luhmann's theoretical aim, (2) the circularity of his theory, (3) the abstraction levels of his theory, (4) the explanative power of his theory and (5) his theory's relation to philosophy. His paper's aim is not to defend or to criticize this theory; he will leave the questions concerning its assessment unanswered. What he would like to reach is that we leave the right questions unanswered.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.