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STAROMAĎARSKÉ JAZDECKÉ HROBY V ČIERNEJ NAD TISOU

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The study deals with the assessment of the archaeological source fund from the early Magyar equestrian burial site from the 10th century in Čierna nad Tisou (Trebišov district), which was saved as early as in 1951. So far this material has been known only from a short information report by J. Pástor. The unique finds of the observed set include a double-edged sword of the U-type and an amphora with cylindrical neck decorated with plastic ribs. The saved artefacts from Čierna nad Tisou belonged probably to the members of the first two generations of early Magyar population represented by military elite of a prince´s suite with the closest family, relatives and servants. The end of burying in the site may be associated with the transfer of grand princes´ centre during the second half of the 10th century to the west, probably to the area between the present Buda, Székesfehérvár and Esztergom.
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POHREBISKO OTOMANSKEJ KULTÚRY V SENI

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The rescue archaeological excavation in Seňa (district Košice-environs) was prompted by a gas pipeline construction for the industrial park Kechnec, which intersected the cadastre of villages Belža, Seňa and Kechnec in the length of 2,950 m. The site most threatened by the pipeline was the eastern part of the position Vyšný lán in Seňa cadastre with a confirmed polycultural settlement dated to the Eneolithic, the Early and Middle Bronze Age, and the Roman Period. An Otomani culture cemetery was founded here in the Early Bronze Age. Later, in the Middle Bronze Age, the area was settled by people of the Piliny culture. We have examined sixteen sepulchral pits from Otomani culture, two of which were empty, three robbed and another three were situated in a superposition with Piliny culture pits. The so-called inhumation burial rite was confirmed on the cemetery. The dead had been laid in the grave in contracted position, either on the left or right side (depending on the sex). The position of sepulchral pits in pit II confirms that they were arranged in rows or smaller groups. The pits were dug in north-south and northeast-southwest direction. They had more or less rectangular shape and rounded corners, the walls were perpendicular, oblique, and in one case step-shaped above the bottom. The bottom was flat, sometimes slightly lower in the middle. While excavating some of the pits, regular grey earth stripes could be recognized along the longer sides, which are thought to be remains of wooden lining. Burial equipment consisted mostly of pottery (one to four vessels). The most numerous were jugs, less common were dishes, and there was only one cylindrical vessel. Also smaller objects made of bronze and faience were included. The preserved grave finds can be preliminarily dated to the classical phase of Otomani culture – BA 3 level. To some extent they can be synchronized with the youngest burial phase on the cemetery in Nižná Myšľa in the position Várhegy II.
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