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1
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VČASNOSTREDOVEKÉ SÍDLISKO CÍFER-PÁC

100%
Odler M., Kolník T.
Študijné zvesti
|
2011
|
issue 50
47 - 100
EN
The features dated to the Early Mediaeval period were found during the excavations of the site Cífer, admin. part Pác (district Trnava). The site is situated on the slight elevation on the right bank of the brook Gidra, 140 metres over the sea level. The paper deals with the Early Mediaeval settlement of this poly-cultural site, well-known because of its Roman buildings. The catalogue of settlement features and finds is contained in the first part of the paper (two sunken-floor houses, one oven, 5 storage pits with the pear-shaped section, 22 pits of other shape). The analysis, evaluation and interpretation of the facts are contained in the second part of the paper. The burial ground with 119 graves was excavated nearby, with the evidence of the continuity from 8th to 9th century. This might be probable indication of the Slavic ethnicity of inhabitants, settled here in the period of Avar Khaganate. The publication of the finds from Cífer-Pác widens our knowledge about the settlement structure of the area. Another approached topic is the Early Mediaeval settlement over the remains of the Late Roman buildings.
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ZUM VORČAKA-HORIZONT IN DER SÜDWESTSLOWAKEI

100%
Benkovsky-Pivovarová Z.
Študijné zvesti
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2019
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issue 65
7 - 18
EN
The article deals with the concept of the Proto-Čaka horizon by J. Paulík from 1963 dated to the interface of stages BC/BD. Analysis of the sites of this horizon and typical shapes of pottery has proved that its existence cannot be confirmed on the basis of the finds published in 1963. Dating of this horizon has no support in the bronze industry and the pottery confirms not only surviving shapes of tumuli cultures until stages BD/HA1 but also distinct presence of the Velatice culture in the territory of the Čaka culture.
3

NON-DESTRUCTIVE INVESTIGATION IN THE CADASTRAL AREA OF THE VILLAGE OF LONTOV. SURFACE, AERIAL AND GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING

100%
Chebenová P., Cheben M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2019
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vol. 67
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issue 2
201 – 223
EN
The complex archaeological prospection was realized in the Lontov district during the year 2016. The main aim of prospection was to verify the known data about the settlement on one side and to search for the unknown archaeological sites on the other hand. Within the prospection there were used also the methods of non-destructive archaeology (aerial prospection, geophysical measurement of known features using magnetometer). The above mentioned methods of archaeological research were realized on two designated sites (U Litaša and Nad kostolom), which distance is about 1 km from each other. Field prospection was focused on verification of anomalies seen on satelite pictures of GoogleEarth, as well as on aerial prospection. There were approved the archaeological situations/features on both sites, that were found during aerial prospection of the monitored area. By Geophysical interpretation there were located first of all settlement features, but also system of fortification. Regarding to location of each features measured by geophysics, it is possible to analyze the build-up area on both settlements. According to recovered ceramics it is possible to date both sites only to prehistory, as there are more cultures represented.
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SÍDLISKÁ Z 8. STOROČIA NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU ŠAĽA II, ÚĽANY NAD ŽITAVOU, PAVLOVÁ

100%
Odler M., Kolník T.
Študijné zvesti
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2011
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issue 50
101 - 220
EN
The long-standing hypothesis about absence or low number of the settlements comparing them with burial grounds from the period of Avar Khaganate is no longer acceptable regarding to the results of recent research and excavations. While the settlement of Avar Khaganate period in Slovakia was the sole case in the 1930’s, number of new settlements has increased during the course of three or four decades by archaeological excavations. Ten settlement sites were known in 1988. Currently, the corpus of settlements from Slovakia contains 28 items with excavated features from the period of Avar Khaganate; other seven sites were found by surveys. The large corpuses are the most important. The aim of the present study is publication of features and material culture from the sites of Šaľa II (district of Šaľa), Úľany nad Žitavou and Pavlová (both in the Nové Zámky district). Publication of the corpuses widens the archaeological sources for the period of the 8th century AD. The settlements had no convincing traits of the status differences among the features or indications of their hierarchy, although the social stratification is observed in the Avar burial grounds. The sites with higher number of habitable features appear to be a dispersed form of settlement with several clusters of features. The excavated settlements have shown that settlement forms in the period of Avar Khaganate do not differ significantly from Slavic rural settlements. This is not the evidence of the “Slavic ethnicity” of the forms of settlements (probably only the evidence of origin of some phenomena in Slavic milieu), but only a confirmation of similar or identical economic interrelations in the rural settlement structure. The traits from the settlement sites are evidence of the identical economic basis for the existence of Avar and Great Moravian ruling elite. The overview of other sites from the south-western Slovakia shows that there was no general rule for the establishment or abandonment of the settlements in the break of the 8th and 9th centuries. The diachronic differences between the horizons of the 8th and 9th century’s pottery are not yet well defined and regional differences possibly occur.
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MOBILITA VYBRANÝCH JEDNOTLIVCOV POCHOVANÝCH NA KELTSKOM POHREBISKU V DUBNÍKU, OKR. NOVÉ ZÁMKY, JUHOZÁPADNÉ SLOVENSKO – PILOTNÁ ŠTÚDIA

100%
Bujna J., Drtikolová Kaupová S., Hajnalová M., Kráľ J.
Študijné zvesti
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2020
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vol. 67
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issue 2
227 - 244
EN
A pilot study for a project focused on the mobility of human individuals in a close combination of archaeology, anthropology and isotope geochemistry using strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotope analyses. The test assemblage consists of 8 samples of human teeth and 3 samples of animal teeth from 7 inhumation graves with 8 buried human individuals, from the Celtic cemetery in Dubník, Nové Zámky district, dated to the 4th–3rd century BC (LTB1–B2). In the evaluated pilot sample, the values of three individuals – a female and a child from grave 20 and probably a young man from grave 32 – correspond to the local isotope signal of biologically available strontium. These graves do not manifest non-local characteristics in the grave-goods or the burial rite. For other three individuals buried in graves 17, 19 and 29, the measured values are close to the values given for ‘local’ individuals from burial grounds in the Middle Danube Basin. Of the eight individuals evaluated, samples of two – a male buried in grave 18 and a female buried in grave 21 – show a significant deviation from the local isotope signal. The hypothesis of their non-local origin can also be substantiated by the archaeological context – in the first case the re-opening of the grave and the intentional, apparently ritual, destruction of the grave-goods, in the second case the foreign costume of the deceased and a set of pottery vessels of foreign origin.
6

VÝSKUM BOJÍSK DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU. VÝCHODISKÁ A PERSPEKTÍVY

100%
Steiner P.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue suppl 1
567 – 574
EN
Area of southwestern Slovakia was a stage of heavy fighting in the last months of the Second World War. Currently, the most acute aim of interdisciplinary research, both historical and archaeological, is to specify the exact position of battlefields, artillery and defence positions. It is also the matter of protection of these sites to save them from the illegal archaeological activities.
7
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STREDOVEKÉ POHREBISKO V MOSTOVEJ

100%
Vlkolinská I., Ižóf J.
Študijné zvesti
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2010
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issue 47
157 - 178
EN
The article presents results of a rescue excavation of a cemetery situated on the location Doboskút in the village of Mostová (district Galanta) in south-western Slovakia. The rescue excavation was undertaken in 1983 in connection with regulation of the old river bed. The settlement dated to several periods was discovered on the dunes, especially a La Tène settlement and a medieval cemetery. Damaged site enabled only partial survey of the cemetery, totally 24 graves. Only some of them contained except skeletons also objects of the grave inventory, exclusively jewellery. The finds date the site to the tenth century.
8

BOJE DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU V SPOMIENKACH PRIAMYCH ÚČASTNÍKOV, PRÍSLUŠNÍKOV ČERVENEJ ARMÁDY. MEMOÁROVÁ LITERATÚRA AKO VOJENSKOHISTORICKÝ PRAMEŇ. 2. ČASŤ

100%
Šteiner P.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 2
477 - 494
EN
The memoir literature can be used as a basic historical source besides the archival documents. Even combats of the final phase of the World War II in southwester Slovakia can use some of such books. There are several groups of Soviet authors: Generals (Matvei V. Zakharov, Issa A. Pliev) were largely responsible for leading Soviet military operations in this area. They offer their point of view, seen from their commanding positions, focusing on operational problems, sometimes denying their failures, sometimes overestimating their own contributions. The other group of authors (Dmitri F. Loza, E.-N. Leonid S. Loginov, Gagni B. Uladjiev) consist of non-commanding officers and common soldiers. They report of their experiences much more common way, recording their everyday problems, fears, opinions. Sometimes they reveal many operational details that enable us to see several tactical features of combats that had taken place more than seventy years ago.
9

POHREBY A POHREBNÉ ZVYKY KULTÚRY S LINEÁRNOU KERAMIKOU NA ÚZEMÍ JUHOZÁPADNÉHO SLOVENSKA

88%
Niklová M.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2014
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vol. 18
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issue 2
213 – 249
EN
Following paper is focused on burials and burial customs of the Linear Pottery culture and Želiezovce group in the southwestern Slovakia. The region of Moravia, Lower Austria, Burgenland, Transdanubia and part of Germany came into the center of interest as well. Collected units are critically analyzed and followed by evaluation of burial customs of the Linear Pottery culture and Želiezovce group. The evaluation comprehensively summarizes the results of the analysis in the Middle Danube region. These outputs are compared with the results of previous researches and finally interpreted.
10

SÍDLISKÁ Z 8. – 10. STOROČIA V CHĽABE

88%
Hanuliak M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 1
95 – 143
EN
The locality belongs into the cadastre of the village Chľaba. It’s located at a low elevation on the left bank of the river Danube. The area of 0.26 hectare was explored during the years 1977 – 1981. In this area were found 131 settlement buildings from the primeval age, early historical period and the Middle Ages. Twenty representatives belong into the 8th – 10th cent. Among them there are eight houses, six fire pits, two agricultural sunken dwelings and storage pits, one corn storage pit and exterior oven. Data about size, form, construction and use do not differ from the representatives, which are known in other finding places from the Early Middle Ages. It is important to mention that there were built only stone vaulted ovens in each building in two cases they were on an elevated earth step. Above one oven there was equipment that helped to drain off the smoke from the room. In the corn storage pit it was possible to store corn for all inhabitants of the settlement. Unusually high number of oval pits with burning fire served for processing of raw materials. In the material culture there prevail fragments of ceramic vessels. The settlement is divided into two time horizons according to thickness of walls, typology of mouth and decoration motifs. To the end of the phase of 9th and the 10th century belong 19 buildings located in two zones. In the residential area sunken dwellings were placed around a „square“, with an area 210 m2. Agricultural buildings were scattered west of the residential area. Two houses with more advanced traits were placed in it later. Just one sunken dwelling belongs into the older horizon of the 8th cent. The rest of the dwellings were probably destroyed by intensive settlement of this area in 11th – 16th cent.
11

BOJE DRUHEJ SVETOVEJ VOJNY NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU V SPOMIENKACH PRIAMYCH ÚČASTNÍKOV, PRÍSLUŠNÍKOV NEMECKÉHO WEHRMACHTU. MEMOÁROVÁ LITERATÚRA AKO VOJENSKOHISTORICKÝ PRAMEŇ

88%
Šteiner P.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2019
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vol. 23
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issue 1
171 – 192
EN
The memoir literature can be used as a basic historical source besides the archival documents. Even combats of the final phase of the World War II in South-Western Slovakia can use some of such books. There are two main groups of authors: German Generals (Heinz Guderian, Johannes Frieβner, Hermann Balck) were more or less responsible for leading German military operations in this area. They offer their point of view, seen from their staff-offices, focusing on operational problems, sometimes justifying their own decisions that might have shown themselves wrong. The other group of authors (H. Schmidt, E.-N. von Diest-Körber, K. Volleth, F. Hirschfelder) consist of minor officers and common soldiers. They report of their experiences much more common way, recording their everyday problems, fears, opinions. Thus they enable us to see them not only as members of a certain army, but also as humans.
12

ABRAHÁM RUFUS – SPOLOČENSKÉ POSTAVENIE, VOJENSKÉ ZÁSLUHY A MAJETKOVÁ DOMÉNA (1278/1291 – 1326). ETNICKÝ A SOCIÁLNY PÔVOD ABRAHÁMA RUFUSA

88%
Gálik Z.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 1
27 – 57
EN
The author deals with Abraham Rufus, one of the biggest landowners in the area of present southwestern Slovakia. He observes his fast career promotion, military merit and loyal services to the Hungarian king Andrew III. during his fights against both domestic and foreign enemies of the Hungarian kingdom in the end of the 13th century. He also observes the relationship of Abraham Rufus to Matthew Czak. In his services Rufus presents himself as a loyal familiar. The author searches the property domain of Abraham Rufus, tries to reconstruct his relatives and mentions the ranks he achieved during the reign of Andrew III. The atention is focused on the relationship between the king Charles Robert and Abraham Rufus. In the conclusion of his study the author observes the division of Abraham Rufus´s property among his four sons as well as the way they dealt with the property they were left.
13
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LATÉNSKE SÍDLISKO V KOMJATICIACH, POLOHA KŇAZOVA JAMA

88%
Horváth P.
Študijné zvesti
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2014
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issue 56
69 - 110
EN
During several rescue excavations (1977 – 1979) a part of the La Tene settlement was explored in the site “Kňazova jama”. The exploration outcomes, as well as the required material, have not been systematically processed yet. 6 sunken pits and one cultural pit were identified. The huts represented a classical middle La Tene type settlement with two-pole construction and a bench along one of longer walls. From the features´ backfill a relatively large amount of material was obtained, especially pottery. Small items and other artefacts were found only sporadically, in the form of small iron fragments, clay whorls, fragments of bracelets from sapropelite and glass, whetstones and clay weights. The pottery set contained, based on the way of production, groups of pottery produced manually and on the wheel. In all features pottery made on the wheel prevailed. As for the forms, there are mainly bowls with s-shaped profile and bowls with tapering mouth. Soft rounded profile prevails, and no single case of smoothed ornaments is represented in decoration. Alongside the bowls, more numerous occurrences were also determined for the pottery containing graphite, especially situlas and situlate pots decorated on the surface by horizontal combing. The manually made pottery was typical for its biconical and hemispherical pots and bowls with rounded or flat profile. In some cases they were decorated by plastic ornaments. Ceramic forms and types of decoration are very typical for the middle La Tene. Based on the absence of younger elements, such as oblique and metope-like combing, or painted pottery, it is impossible to confirm a longer life of any of the explored features. Bowls with slightly rounded profile and the absence of smoothed ornaments do not permit confirmation of their longer existence than the close of the LTC1. Such dating is confirmed also by the accompanying, chronologically more sensitive, material, i. e. a fragment of iron coil spring which probably corresponds to the middle La Tene scheme type of brooch, dated to the LTC1a – LTC1b – c. Moreover, the finds of two sapropelite bracelets, whose most frequent occurrence in the vicinity of Nitra can be determined between the stages LTC1 – C2 (Březinová 2005, 24). Beyond settlement contexts, also two finds of circular jewel made of glass come from the location. Both are dated within the LTC1 stage.
14
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SÍDLISKO ĽUDU BADENSKEJ KULTÚRY V KAMENÍNE II

88%
Nevizánsky G.
Študijné zvesti
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2013
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issue 54
59 - 80
EN
The paper is focused on the results of analysis of the mono-cultural settlement of the Baden Culture in lower Hron region. Within the village cadastre two Baden Culture settlements are registered. The source base comes from the smaller one. Operationally, it is referred to as Kamenín II. There were 16 settlement features unearthed containing a relatively small amount of pottery. Within the shapes, mainly bowls, cups, jugs, amphorae, pots and fragment of a bipartite bowl. Particular attention should be paid to the bottom of the flat so-called headless idol. Based on very few ceramic materials monitored Aeneolithic settlement is dated back to the II.–II. stage of the Baden Culture.
15
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NOVÉ NÁLEZISKÁ HATVANSKEJ KULTÚRY NA DOLNOM POHRONÍ A POIPLÍ

88%
Ožďáni O.
Študijné zvesti
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2010
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issue 47
53 - 62
EN
The contribution evaluates ceramic vessels from two new sites of Hatvan culture in south-western Slovakia. In field walk undertaken on the hill-fort of Hatvan culture in Kamenica nad Hronom a pottery set was collected consisting of an amphora and a vase of Hatvan culture and a jar of Kisapostág culture. These finds could theoretically come from a grave collection, but they may also represent a pottery deposit. On the site in Veľké Turovce, in part Dolné Turovce, a cremation grave containing an amphora and a dish was accidentally discovered. Based on analogies and stratigraphy on the fortified settlement in Malé Kosihy, the pottery from both sites was dated to the later phase of Hatvan culture in Slovakia.
16

ARCHAEOZOOLOGY OF THE LATE ROMAN PERIOD SETTLEMENT AT VEĽKÉ ZÁLUŽIE IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL DATA

88%
Bielichová Z.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2019
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vol. 67
|
issue 1
61 – 112
EN
The research on Roman period archaeozoology is rarely discussed in Slovakia. So far, data suggest the great importance of cattle and pigs in the meaty diet and the focus on exploitation of caprines for the secondary products such as wool and milk. During the 3rd and 4th c. AD, an increasing role of pigs in the subsistence has been noted at Germanic sites in the vicinity of Bratislava. The analysis of a small bone assemblage recovered during the rescue excavation of the Late Roman period settlement at Veľké Zálužie (Nitra district), offered a similar results. The taxa representation as well as the sex and age assessment attested the leading role of cattle (33.6 % by NISP) among the main meat suppliers. Balanced proportions of pig (15.3 %), caprines (13.4 %) and cervids (10 %) pointed out their minor, but not negligible importance of pork, lamb/mutton and venison in subsistence of the local Germanic peoples. Scarcely presented dog and horse bones provided no indices of butchery registered elsewhere in barbaric milieu (e.g. Veľký Meder). Bones of birds or fish were not found in the material either due to hand-recovery of analysed samples or restricted role within the diet. The calculated withers height of cattle (113.7 cm) and morphology of the horn-core showed that the local animals were small to medium sized with short horns. The simple tools made of worked animal bones/antlers offered the evidence on processing the pottery and/or leather or gaming. The partially preserved skeleton of a fawn red deer aged 3 – 4 months was found in one of the settlement pits.
17

KOMÁRNO IN THE LA TENE PERIOD

88%
Březinová G., Gere M. S. L. T. P. S. P. C.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue suppl 2
149 - 165
EN
In this exceptional strategical location on the confluence of the Danube and Váh river we have evidence of settlement in the end of the Middle and Late La Tène period. Although no area excavation has been carried out yet, important finds and features supported by rescue excavations allow us to classify this locality as an important site. Features and findings have been confirmed at eight locations. As for settlement features, they are pits of various functions and production features including the remarkable site of Nádvorie Európy square with a series of six pottery kilns. They produced high-quality goods made on potter’s wheel which also contained painted pottery. We suppose that Komárno in the La Tène period was one of eminent locations with concentration of production and trade. Thus, contacts were directed to the north, along the so-called Váh route, as well as southwards and southwestwards.
18

NEW SETTLEMENT FROM THE LA TENE PERIOD IN SEREĎ

88%
Daňová K., Kissová M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2021
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vol. 69
|
issue suppl 2
81 – 93
EN
During rescue excavations in the town of Sereď, Galanta distr., SW Slovakia, a settlement from the La Tène Period was uncovered. The article analyses two sunken features, pit-houses. A usual set of pottery consisting of bowl and vase shapes, situlas and situla-shaped pots was discovered in their fills. One of the features is well dated by two fragments of bracelets made of sapropelite. The settlement is dated to the Middle La Tène Period.
19

HROB 1/68 NA POHREBISKU Z OBDOBIA AVARSKÉHO KAGANÁTU V RADVANI NAD DUNAJOM, V ČASTI ŽITAVA I. K PROBLEMATIKE FALER TYPU ŽITAVSKÁ TÔŇ

75%
Zábojník J.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2011
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vol. 59
|
issue 2
319 – 335
EN
The article presents data concerning a grave´s content, which was retrieved in 1968. The grave pit was looming in a gravel pit wall. The grave belongs to the necropolis in which 82 burials were revealed during two preceding excavating seasons. In 23 of them riders were buried together with their horses. The grave 1/68 was one of them, but it was partially damaged by gravel mining and hence the grave pit shape and size could not be found. The grave was probably plundered as it was discovered during its emptying. Skeletons were preserved only in fragments. The grave orientation could not be fixed thoroughly. Presumably it was similar to that of other graves at the necropolis, i. e. approximately in the E – W or ESE – WNW direction. In addition to the fragments of skeletons, the grave pit included several finds. The most significant of them are three cast openwork bronze phaleras with zoomorphic decoration motif of raptor heads arranged to swastika. For these artefacts the term “phaleras of Žitavská Tôň” has been suggested. They are very much similar to the openwork circular ornaments, which use to be part of female grave goods. The both artefact categories can be dated into the 8th century. Other grave artefacts (engraved bosses, stirrup, bridle bit, buckle, spear, ceramic vessel) cannot be used for dating. The grave assemblage presented was a part of the necropolis, at which the deceased ranked to a superordinate social group were buried. In spite of remarkable secondary interventions into the graves during their plundering the necropolis in Radvaň nad Dunajom, part Žitava I offered extraordinary sumptuous archaeological monuments, such as sets of belt mounts or horse harness ornaments first of all. Gilded bronze artefacts were found in many graves. The luxurious artefacts comprised also iron phaleras inlaid with gilded copper plate. With its wealthy spectrum of types and shapes of artefacts, the necropolis ranks among significant sites of the Avar Khaganate period with their concentration on the northern bank of the Danube near Komárno.
20
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ANTROPOLOGICKÝ ROZBOR KOSTROVÉHO MATERIÁLU ZO STREDOVEKÉHO POHREBISKA V MOSTOVEJ

75%
Kolena B., Vondráková M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2010
|
issue 47
179 - 199
EN
Skeletal remains of 20 individuals: 3 men, 2 probably men, 8 women and 7 juveniles from cemetery Mostová (10th century), position Doboskút, distr. Galanta, were subjected by osteoanthropological analysis. The remains discovered in archaeological excavation were damaged by activity of building mechanisms. The study was focused on morphological, osteometrical analysis, paleopathological screening and detection of epigenetic traits.
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