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1

Z DEJÍN OBCHODU NA SPIŠI (15. – 17. STOROČIE)

100%
Lengová M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2012
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vol. 15
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issue 2
-
EN
This article describes the main developments in trading activities in the Spiš region. This region was a major trading area, which boasted important international trading routes from prehistoric times. Settlements were built on and near these trading routes, later giving rise to the markets. The settlements engaged in international trade in the Spiš region as early as in the thirteenth century. Besides the chief trading centres of Kežmarok and Levoča, there were numerous medium-sized cities, which have also developed into important trading centres. For this reason, competition among these cities was characteristic of the economic development in this region.
2
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SPIŠ - SKLENÉ NÁLEZY Z DOBY LATÉNSKEJ

100%
Březinová G., Soják M.
Študijné zvesti
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2009
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issue 45
105 - 108
EN
Spiš is the region in northern Slovakia with evidence of an intensive settlement in the Middle, Late and Final La Tène periods by bearers of the Púchov culture (including the pre-Púchov horizon). Systematic field-walking collections include also fragments of glass bracelets and beads. The obtained set consists of 12 fragments of bracelets and 41 glass beads from six sites. The biggest concentration of these finds is at two known fortified settlement in Jánovce-Machalovce (distr. of Poprad), position Pod Hradiskom, and in Žehra (distr. of Spišská Nová Ves), position Severný svah (Spišský hrad). The bracelets are of cobalt-blue colour. According to N. Venclová (1990) they belong to the types 6b/2 (5 pieces), 7b (3 pieces), 7c (1 piece), 11 (1 piece) and 15 (2 pieces). All these are bracelets that are dated to the Middle La Tène period LT C1-C2 (cca. a half of the 3rd up to a half of the 2nd cent. BC). The beads scale is more colourful. The set includes small circular beads of cobalt-blue colour, that are prevailing, beads with blue-white layered dots on white, in one case on yellow ground and a fragment of a solid translucent bead of brown-rose colour. The surface is decorated with yellow engraved lines. The masklike bead belongs to the group of beads with human faces.
3
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NÁLEZY HLINENÝCH FAJOK ZO SPIŠA

100%
Bielich M., Soják M.
Študijné zvesti
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2019
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issue 65
179 - 206
EN
The contribution was created by processing the collection of clay pipes finds from the depository of the Spiš branch of the Archaeological Institute in Nitra. In the present text, 127 fragments of clay pipes are discovered, which were discovered on Spiš. Clay pipes are described on the basis of a formalized description that we used in 2013 (Čurný / Šimčík / Bielich 2013). In the studied ensemble are dominated pipes from 17-18. Cent. Hungarian production. In the Spiš Castle was discovered clay pipes manufacture in the 70s of the 20th century by A. Vallasek (1983). Some clay pipes fragments can come directly from this workshop. We meet the producers of pipes from Banská Štiavnica, Kremnica, Miskolc and Male Ozorovce. We have succeeded in identifying several new brands whose producers have not yet been known. Analysis of individual files from different regions of Slovakia gradually shows certain regional differences. In recent years, interest in processing this attractive kind of material culture has increased, resulting in conferences and seminars dedicated to the history, archaeology of pipes, smoking and tobacco.
4

TESTAMENTY A TESTAMENTÁRNE PRÁVO U SPIŠSKÝCH KANONIKOV V 18. STOROČÍ

88%
Glejtek M.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 1
82 – 98
EN
The study deals with the testaments of church representatives in modern era, particularly in the region of Spiš in the 18th century. The development of testamentary law is described. It is analysed the division of canons´ property into the hereditary and non-hereditary property belonging to the beneficium. The basic development of property inheritance rules and partition of the property among the heir beneficiaries are described. The paper introduces the testament of canon Andrej Čepešéni (1738) and describes its content and formal design. The aim is to use the particular example in order to introduce the modern era testaments.
5
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PRÍSPEVOK K OSÍDLENIU SMIŽIAN VO VČASNOSTREDOVEKOM OBDOBÍ

88%
Fecko P., Soják M.
Študijné zvesti
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2019
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issue 66
95 – 124
EN
The paper offers information about the results of the archaeological research which was accomplished during the construction of the hypermarket TESCO in the village Smižany (district Spišská Nová Ves). The excavated feature can by most probably interpreted as a sunken-floor house. Based on similar analogies from the archaeological sites in the Spiš region and other regions of Slovakia, the excavated findings and the feature itself can be dated to the 8th to 9th century. The archaeological findings from the aforementioned period discovered in the cadastre of Smižany are not rare and are known from the settlements and to a lesser extent from burial grounds. All Early Medieval settlements probably belonged under the administration of the central Čingov hillfort situated in the Slovak Paradise. The analysis of ceramics deposited at the Institute of Archaeology of the SAS – Research department in Spišská Nová Ves pointed out the necessity to revise the ceramic findings from the Spiš region dated to the Early Medieval period and also the necessity to publish all archaeological findings that came from closed finding features
6

HUDOBNÁ TOPOGRAFIA SPIŠA V KONTEXTE VÝSKUMU MIEST V RANOM NOVOVEKU

88%
Petȍczová J.
Musicologica Slovaca
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2021
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vol. 12 (38)
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issue 1
5 - 41
EN
The aim of this study is to demarcate the musical topography of the Spiš/Zips region focusing on individual local settlements (towns, villages, monasteries, aristocratic residences). Creating a topographic network of Spiš in the Early Modern Period requires music-historical research at least from five angles of view: research on musical sources, on historical musical instruments, on chronicles and contemporaneous prints, on archival sources and research on historical maps. However, towns (civitas, oppidum) certainly form the basic topographic unit of research. The primary musical hubs in Spiš included the cities that joined Luther’s Reformation movement and had an ethnically mixed, prevailingly Slovak-German population. The specification of the music-topographic network of Spiš enables us to identify the locally and denominationally differentiated musical life of the towns of this region.
7

DEPOT VON SICHELN AUS DER HALLSTATTZEIT IN LETANOVCE

88%
Benedíková L., Soják M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue suppl 2
19 – 27
EN
The paper deals with the analyses and evaluation of the hoard of five iron sickles with bent projection on the base, discovered in Letanovce in Spiš region. In Slovakia it is the sixth known site with the ocurrence of this type of artefact. The main territory of distribution of named type of sickles, dated to the Early Iron Age, is the area north and northwest to the Carpathian arc. Symbolic meaning of the Hallstatt Period iron sickles, found on different types of sites, is discussed.
8

COMPLEX OF THE ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES AT THE LITMANOVSKA HILL IN JARABINA (NORTHERN SLOVAKIA)

75%
Biernat M., Sojak M., Valde-Nowak P.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2013
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vol. 61
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issue 1
1 – 20
EN
In this article the new archaeological finds from Jarabina, a village situated about four kilometers to the northwest of Stará Ľubovňa, were discussed. It is very probable that the complex of sites located at the Litmanovská hill, which was discovered several years ago as a result of the field survey, gives next evidences of the Late Palaeolithic settlement in the region of Ľubovnianska Vrchovina as well as the whole Poprad basin in the territory of present Slovakia. Among 216 stone artifacts from Jarabina-Litmanovská the specimens made of local radiolarite, especially its red variety prevailed over the others and the products of siliceous limestone as well as few flint artifacts accompanied them. The products of every stage of the stone knapping can be observed: from a pre-core across the cores, flakes, crested blades, common blades and chips to the tools. In the assemblages of the Jarabina-Litmanovská 1 and 2, which created well-defined concentrations on the surface, the presence of blade technique is clearly noticeable. The inventory of the Jarabina-Litmanovská 3 was consisted of only one object: an atypical massive macroburin. Aside from the mentioned sites, at the Litmanovská hill 27 stone artifacts were gathered. They were mainly flakes made of raw material of low quality. The collection of not knapped small nodules of green radiolarite is also worth attention. Among all the finds some elements of late Pleistocene Świderian and Magdalenian cultures were distinguished, what results in the fact that the sites at the Litmanovská hill may correspond with the inventory from Stará Ľubovňa-Pod Štokom II.
9
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OSTEOLOGICKÝ MATERIÁL VTÁKOV A CICAVCOV (VERTEBRATA - AVES ET MAMMALIA) Z ARCHEOLOGICKÉHO VÝSKUMU LUČIVNIANSKEJ JASKYNE

63%
Soják M., Obuch J., Holec P.
Študijné zvesti
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2008
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issue 43
235 - 249
EN
The results are presented from the archaeological excavation of the site Lučivná - Lučivnianska cave 1, Poprad district (2003). Relatively extensive osteological material from ten mammalian species and nine bird species was found. The species indicate three types of the Paleontology environment. The first one is a cold, treeless landscape - tundra or Arctic steppe. It is attested by the presence of reindeer and two ptarmigan species. The second type of Paleontology environment is the transfer to a cold forest steppe with sparse grasses. Cave bear, horse and steppe crane may have lived here. The last landscape type is characterised by warmer climate, forests and grasses with water. This type may belong to the beginning of the Holocene, based on the found fauna of mammals and birds. The world climate became considerably warmer and in our conditions forest vegetation started to spread. The presence of forest has been confirmed by finds of both types of grouse, golden eagle and mammals (deer, roe deer and brown bear). The presence of water is confirmed by finds of water birds remains (duck and ruff). The osteological material was accompanied by a silicite blade of Upper Paleolithic character. Along with most of the recorded fauna it belongs probably to the Epipaleolithic, which has also been confirmed on open settlements (Lučivná, Lučivná/Svit, Spišská Teplica, Veľký Slavkov), in caves in the nearby area (Teplica - cave Suchá diera) and in the wider region of upper Spiš (Haligovce - cave Aksamitka). More specific chronological-cultural classification of Paleolithic finds from Lučivnianska cave 1 remains unclear. Radiocarbon dating C14 of finds from the presented cave is still missing. Some of the animal bones may have been brought to the cave by carnivores and are thus not necessarily related to the presence of Paleolithic hunters.
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